Kusunga kukongola kwanu: kodi matenda a masamba a gloxinia ndi chiyani?

Mndandanda wonse wa matenda a gloxinia omwe ali pansipa ayenera kuwonekera ndikuyamba kumenyana pa nthawi.

Kuti mukhale ndi gloxinia, m'pofunika kuti mudziwe bwino matenda omwe angabwere pokula mbewu.

Mavuto aakulu ndi tizirombo ndi matenda omwe gloxinia amawonekera. M'nkhaniyi tiyang'anitsitsa mitundu yothetsera matenda a zomera ndi njira zolimbana nazo. Komanso ndi njira zotani zomwe zingatengedwe kuti zisawononge matenda a gloxinia, komanso kuti mukhale ndi maluwa abwino bwanji.

Makhalidwe ndi maonekedwe

Masamba a Gloxinia ndi aakulu kwambiri, mpaka masentimita 20, ovunda, wobiriwira, wobiriwira. Iwo amapanga rosette pa otsika phesi phesi. Mu buluu, malo oyenera a masamba ndi osakanikirana. Nthawi zina pamakhala masamba a siliva pa masamba. Pansi pa kapepa kakang'ono ndi kofiira kapena kobiriwira.

Mu mawonekedwe ofanana ndi ofanana, mtima wamkati. Kukula kwake kuli kochepa, ndipo pamwamba pake pali fleecy. Masamba a chomera ichi ndi ochuluka, koma amasonyeza pampando. Pamodzi ndi maluŵa okongola kwambiri mgwirizano wodabwitsa ndi wosangalatsa umapezeka.

Mitundu ya matenda ndi zithunzi zawo

Mawanga a Brown

Maonekedwe a bulauni pa gloxinia amadziwika ndi matenda monga anthracnose kapena ascochitis.

Anthracnose

Matenda a fungal, zizindikiro zomwe zimawoneka pokhapokha pali mabala a bulauni pamwamba pa masamba. Pang'onopang'ono, amayamba kulimbana ndi mphukira ndi thunthu la zomera zonse, zomwe zimawombera ndi kufa. Zomwe zimayambitsa zochitika zowonongeka mu gloxinia kapena kukhalapo kosayenera.

Chenjerani! Bowa ngati limeneli limasamutsidwa mothandizidwa ndi tizirombo, zipangizo kapena madontho. Pofuna kuthetsa kufalikira kwa matendawa pa zomera zina, ayenera kuchitidwa ndi fungicide 3-4 nthawi ndi masabata angapo.

Kupewa: m'pofunika kuchita kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala: oxy, cuproxate, mkuwa oxychloride. Pambuyo pogwiritsira ntchito zida, ayenera nthawi yomweyo kuti asatetezedwe motetezedwa kuti atetezedwe.

Ascohitosis

Matenda a fungal, omwe amatha kuwonetsetsa ngati pali mawanga ofiira kapena a bulawuni ndi mabala obiriwira pa masamba. Chochititsa chachikulu cha matendawa ndi chinyezi chachikulu mu chipinda.

Kuti mupulumutse gloxinia kuchokera ku ascohyte, muyenera:

1. Nthawi yomweyo chotsani masamba okhudzidwa.
2. Ndiye ndikofunikira kupopera Syningium ndi Bordeaux kusakaniza, mkuwa sulphate kapena fungicides: Vectra, Abigapik.
3. Patapita sabata, bwerezani ndondomekoyi.

Kufota

Masamba a gloxinia amafota pamene matenda a zomera monga fusarium amapezeka. Chifukwa cha kusowa kwa madzi ndi chinyezi chakuda chachitsamba matenda oterowo akhoza kukula.

Ndikofunikira! Fusarium - matenda a fungal omwe amalowa maluwa kudzera mu gawo la kachirombo ka HIV. Masambawo amayamba kupota, kupiringa ndi kupeza mthunzi wofiira.

1. Polimbana ndi matendawa, gloxinia ayenera kuchotsedwa mu mphika ndikumasulidwa kunthaka.
2. Kenaka chitani ndi fungicides: Topaz ndi Foodnazole.
3. Ndipo pamapeto pake chomera chiyenera kubzalidwa m'nthaka yatsopano.

Bwanji kupiringa?

Ganizirani chifukwa chake masamba akuzungulira gloxinia. Izi zimachokera ku machitidwe osayenera a ulimi wothirira. Ngati chomeracho chimalandira madzi ochulukirapo, masamba ake amayamba kupota ngati mawonekedwe otchedwa supuni. Njira yothetsera matendawa ingakhale kukhazikitsidwa kwa kuthirira. Asanayambe kuthirira, dothi la pamwamba liyenera kuuma. Mmodzi winanso Chifukwa chomwe masamba akuyambira ndi osakwanira kutentha kwa mpweya kapena kutentha kwakukulu. Ndiye nkofunika kuyika chotengera ndi chonyowa chowonjezera dongo pafupi ndi mphika ndikuchepetsa kutentha kwa mpweya.

Tembenukani chikasu

Chlorosis

Matenda omwe amachokera ku otsika acidity a nthaka, omwe amachokera ku kuthirira chomera ndi madzi ovuta kwambiri (ndi nthaka yotani yomwe ikufunikira gloxinia?). Kutsimikiza kwa matendawa ndi zizindikiro zakunja kungakhale pa mawanga achikasu pamagulu a gloxinia.

Bowa wobiriwira

Pankhani ya kupangika kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masamba mkati mwa tsamba la gloxinia, n'zotheka kulankhula molunjika za matendawa. Chifukwa cha kuonekera kwake sikungakhale kosasamala mokwanira, zokhala mumadzi ozizira ndi ozizira kwambiri (za zochitika za kukula kwa gloxinia ndikuzisamalira, werengani apa). Pofuna kulimbana ndi matendawa, m'pofunika kuchotsa mbali zonse za maluwawo ndikupereka chisamaliro cha "Tropican". Pewani kupewa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sulfure.

Mdima

Chifukwa cha matendawa chikhoza kukhala mawonekedwe a imvi. Nthenda yotchedwa causative agent ya wakuda wakupha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ingakhale kuchuluka kwa chinyezi cha pansi mu mphika.

Kuti chithandizo cha zomera chikusowe:

1. Chotsani chitsamba ndikuchiyang'ana mosamala.
2. Ngati pali mbali zina za tuber ndi pamwambaground zinthu, ndiye kuchotsani.
3. Gwiritsani ntchito mapepala otsalawa ndi Topaz kapena Readzole.
4. Kenaka, chomera chobwezeretsedwa chiyenera kuikidwa mu nthaka yatsopano (kuti mudziwe momwe mungapititsire gloxinia ndi kulima kwake, werengani apa).

Madontho a Brown

Mabala owopsa kwambiri owuma amachitika chifukwa cha kuvunda kwa imvi. Kuchiza matenda amenewa kungakhale motere: dulani malo omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka gloxinia ndipo muzisamalira zomera zonse. Chifukwa china chokhalira ndi mabala oterewa chikhoza kutenthedwa ndi dzuwa, chomwe chimachitika pa masamba a chomeracho pamene chiri pansi pa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Mitengo ya Brown imapangidwanso pa masamba ngati madzi owonjezera amawagwera.

Ndikofunika kuthirira maluwa mosamala kwambiri pamphepete mwa mphika. Makhalidwe oterewa amasonyezanso matenda a zomera monga thrips, omwe amasiya mabala a bulauni ngati mawonekedwe abwino. Pochiza chomera kuchokera ku thrips, mungathe: kuthirira ndi kupopera ndi Actellic, patapita masiku khumi, kubwereza ndondomekoyi, chithandizochi chiyenera kuchitika nthawi 2-3.

Yanika

Ngati masamba a gloxinia ayamba kuuma, makamaka m'munsi, ndiye kuti zinthu monga kusakwanira kwa mpweya kapena madzi osefukira ndi madzi zimatha kukhala zowononga. Pofuna kuthetsa matendawa, nkofunika kuti muzitha kuchiza matendawa ndi Fungicide kapena Fitosporin.

Kodi mungatani kuti muteteze?

Malinga Pofuna kuteteza zilonda zosiyanasiyana zam'madzi ku gloxinia, nthawi zonse zimakhala zofunikira kuti zithetse.

• Choyamba, ulimi wothirira uyenera kuchitika pa nthawi, pamene kuli kofunika kuti chomeracho chikhale chokha. Pachifukwa ichi, sipadzakhala kuyanika ndi malo a nthaka.
• Chachiwiri, musati muike chomera chomwe kuwala kwa dzuwa kumagwera pa icho.
• Chachitatu, asanadzalemo tubulu la Gloxinia pansi, ziyenera kukonzedweratu.
• Ndipo, chachinayi, ndikofunikira kuyang'anira chinyezi mu chipinda chimene maluwawo ali.

Zofunika zofunikira kukula

Pofuna kukula bwino, syngingy ayenera kutsatira izi:

1. Miphika ndi gloxinia sayenera kukhala pafupi kwambiri ndi mzake.

   Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti maluwa samakhudza masamba. Ngati palibe malo okwanira, duwa likhoza kutambasula.

2. Kuwala ndi nthaka yowonongeka, feteleza nthawi yake m'nthaka.

   Ndibwino kusankha nthaka pamtunda. Kuvala kapamwamba kumayenera kupangidwa kangapo pamwezi, koma makamaka osaposa atatu (momwe tingagwiritsire ntchito madzi ndi kudyetsa gloxinia, werengani zinthu zathu). Potaziyamu monophosphate kapena Fertica Lux iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

3. Kutentha kumafunika kukhala pa madigiri 18-25.

   Ngati kutentha kumakhala kochepa kwambiri, chitukuko cha gloxinia chidzaima, ndipo pamene icho chiri chokwera, mosiyana, maluwawo atseguka bwino, chomera chimatayika masamba ake (mungathe kupeza chifukwa chake kukuda, youma, kuvunda ndi masamba sizimatseguka).

4. Kuunikira bwino komwe kumayenera kusokonezeka ndi kowala.

   Ndikofunika kuyika chomera pawindo lazenera, kotero kuti limapita kummawa kapena kumadzulo. Tsiku liyenera kukhala maola 12-14.

5. Nthaka pa nthawi yake imadzimitsa.

   Pakati pa ulimi wothirira, dothi la pamwamba liyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yopuma pang'ono. Kuthirira kumayenera kumachitika poto kapena pamphepete mwa mphika. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito madzi okha kutentha. Mukatha kuthira madzi, madzi owonjezera ayenera kudutsa mumabowo mumphika (mungathe kupeza potengera chofunika kuti gloxinia apa).

Kutsiliza

Mndandanda wa matenda omwe tatchulawa, omwe amapezeka ku gloxinia, sali wokwanira. Pankhaniyi, pofuna kupewa imfa ya chomera, m'pofunikira kuyesa matendawa m'kupita kwa nthawi ndikuyamba kulimbana nawo. Ngati njira zonse zothana ndi matendawa sizikuchitika pakapita nthawi, ndiye kuti n'zotheka kutaya mbewu zokha, koma komanso oyandikana nawo. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri pa nkhaniyi ndi kupereka zifukwa zoyenera kuti chitukuko cha gloxinia chichitike, komanso panthawi yake yothetsera matenda otheka.