Tender beauty - Persian cyclamen. Kusamalira kunyumba ndi kukula

Persian cyclamen nthawi zambiri amakula monga chophimba mkati ndi mphika wowonjezera. Maluwa ake okongoletsera, maluwa okongola akhala akukongola amalima a maluwa, omwe salepheretsa mavuto omwe amachokera kumusamalira kwake.

Kupindula kwakukulu kwa Cyclamen Persian ndikuti kumamera m'nyengo yozizira, pamene kulibe maluwa ambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi imodzi, yofanana ndi maluwa, kuyambira Persian cyclamen amatanthauza ephemeroid zomera. Moyo wake umagawidwa mu nthawi ziwiri zosiyana: mpumulo, wokhalapo mpaka miyezi 9, ndi kukula ndi maluwa, kupitirira chaka chonse.

Maonekedwe a chomera ndi mawonekedwe ake ndi chithunzi

Cyclamen Persian, wotchuka kwa alimi amaluwa monga Alpine violet, Dryakva - osatha mizu yotchedwa tuberous herb kuchokera ku mtundu Cyclamen wa banja la Marcin (molingana ndi zina za botanical classifications - Primrose).

M'munsimu mudzawona chithunzi cha Cyclamen Persian:

Chiyambi

Dziko lakwawo limatchedwa East Mediterranean, koma malo omwe akugawidwawa ndi ochulukirapo ndipo akuphatikizapo - Kumwera kwa Africa, Middle East, Spain, ndi Ukraine.

Mbiri yakale

Woyamba anayamba kukulira Cyclamen Persian m'nyumba zawo ndi minda ya Aroma, yomwe amaigwiritsa ntchito ngati nyumba yopangira nyumba ku Ulaya. Kuchokera apo, mitundu yambiri ya mitundu yake ndi maonekedwe ake, maonekedwe ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino mkati mwa maofesi, nyengo zachisanu, nyumba, zakhazikitsidwa.

Pamene kuika ndi kusamalira cyclamen, chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa - ake tubers, maluwa ndi maluwa mapesi ali owopsa. Pewani ana a ziweto ndi ziweto..

Malongosoledwe a zomera

Persian cyclamen kutalika kufika 30 cm, ngakhale kakang'ono (mpaka 15 cm) ndi mitundu yaying'ono (mpaka 20 cm) mitundu ndi hybrids amadziwika.

Mitundu ya tubers imakhala yozungulira (4-15 masentimita m'mimba mwake) ndi imodzi yokha ya kukula. Zosangalatsa zimasonkhanitsa masamba ooneka ngati mtima ndi masentimita 14, ndipo amakhala ndi chikopa chofiira pamtengo wambiri womwe umakhala wofiira, wobiriwira wobiriwira. Mitsinje yamitundu ya siliva, yomwe imapanga chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri, imapereka mpangidwe wapadera wokongoletsera masamba amdima kapena obiriwira.

Maluwa okwatirana okhaokha amatha kuuluka, ndipo asanu amathyolapo, amitundu yosiyanasiyana, mpaka mamita 5 cm, amakhala pachimake pamtunda wautali mamita 15-20. Nkhumba ya m'munsi imakhala yokhotakhota, imachititsa duwa kukhala ofanana ndi gulugufe. Mitunduyo imakhala yosiyanasiyana - yonse yofiira, pinki, lilac, yofiira, burgundy, wofiirira, wofiirira, ndila. Pa nthawi ya maluwa pammera umodzi ukhoza kufalikira mpaka maluwa 100.

Maluwa amapezeka m'nyengo yachisanu ndi yozizira ndipo, malingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zomwe amamangidwa, zimatha masiku 10 mpaka miyezi ingapo. Persian cyclamen amatanthauza zomera monga ephemeroids, kutaya masamba ndi kubisala pambuyo pa maluwa.

Powasamalira bwino, chomeracho chingakhale pakhomo kwa zaka 20-25.

Zomwe amangidwa

Persian cyclamen kulima bwino kumadalira kutsatira malamulo osamalira. Choyamba, muyenera kusankha bwino maluwa m'sitolo.

• Kugula. Ndi bwino kugula cyclamen mu nthawi ya budding. Maluwa ambiri omwe ali pammerawo ndi abwino.

  Mu maluwa wathanzi, masamba ali ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira, popanda kuwonongeka, ndi mazira abwino. Mitundu yamphongo imakhala yamphamvu, yokwera pamwamba.

  Tubers ayenera kutuluka pansi ndi theka. Pakatikati mwa duwa sayenera kukhala imvi pachimake, kusonyeza kugonjetsedwa kwa imvi zowola.

• Malo ndi kuunikira. Koposa zonse, Persian cyclamen amamva muzipinda ozizira pazenera pazenera zomwe zimayang'ana kummawa kapena kumadzulo. Kuwala kumakhala kowala bwino, koma kumasiyana. Dzuwa loyambako lingayambitse kutentha pa masamba. Popanda kuwala, masamba anayamba kutembenukira chikasu ndi kufota.
• Kutentha. Kwa yaitali maluwa cyclamen amafuna coolness. Kutentha kwa masana mkati + 12-16 ° C, usiku + 10 ° C. Pamene kutentha kumakwera pamwamba + 20 ° C, chomeracho chimayamba kukonzekera nthawi yonse - kutaya mtundu, masamba amayamba kutembenuka ndi kugwa.

  Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti cyclamen silingalole kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha ndi zojambula. Pa nthawi yonse yopuma, zomera zimasungidwa m'chipinda chosungira nthawi ya 12-25 ° C.

• Chinyezi ndi khalidwe la mpweya. Persian cyclamen imakhala ndi mkulu kapena sing'anga wa msinkhu wa chinyezi. Pofuna kukhala ndi chizindikiro chabwino, mpweya wozungulira zomera umayesedwa nthawi zonse, kuyesera kuti usagwe pa maluwa, ndipo mphika umayikidwa mu tray yomwe ili ndi miyala yowonongeka.
  Cyclamen salola kulemekeza mpweya, utsi wa fodya. Amafunika nthawi zonse kupeza mpweya wabwino, choncho chipinda chimakhala mpweya wokha popanda kupanga cholembera, ndipo miphika ndi maluwa imakhala pamtunda waukulu kwambiri.

  Pofuna kukonza mapangidwe a photosynthesis, fumbi la masamba limachotsedwa ndi burashi yofewa.

• Nthaka. Wokonzeka kusakaniza zomera za bulbous, chisakanizo cha munda wachonde wokhala ndi mchenga wa mtsinje, nthaka yogawanika (magawo atatu) ndi kutenga 1 gawo la humus, mchenga ndi peat zidzakhala zoyenera monga kusakaniza nthaka.
• Kuthirira. Mu nthawi ya "kudzuka" - yunifolomu, yolimbitsa, yowonjezera (tsiku lililonse). Nthaka sayenera kukhala yochulukanso kapena yowonjezereka.

  Ndi bwino kuika poto ndi maluwa kwa mphindi 15-20 mu poto yodzaza ndi madzi otentha kutentha, kapena modzichepetsa bwino kuthirira nthaka pamphepete mwa mphika, kupewa madzi kulowa pa tubers ndi pepala loti.

  Panthawi yopuma, kuthirira kuchepetsedwa kamodzi pa sabata kapena kuyima palimodzi. Pomwe chiyambi cha kukula kwa masamba atsopano, nthawi zambiri kuthirira madzi akuwonjezeka.

• Kupaka pamwamba. Cyclamen ikukhudzana ndi feteleza, feteleza imagwiritsidwa ntchito:
  1. Masiku 20 mutabzala (kusamba);
  2. pa regrowth ya masamba atsopano, nthawi zonse kamodzi masiku khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri;
  3. Pakati pa maluwa ndi maluwa, feteleza ovuta kwambiri omwe ali ndi phosphorous akugwiritsidwa ntchito milungu iwiri iliyonse.

Kusamalira kwanu

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji kunyumba? Pamene mumusamalira, zenizeni za moyo wake ziyenera kuganiziridwa - kupezeka kwa gawo la kukula kwachangu (maluwa) ndi nthawi yochepa.

Pa nthawi yopuma

Pambuyo pa kutha kwa yogwira kukula gawo, wilted maluwa achotsedwa mosamala ku chomera.. Kuwaza sikoyenera, kungapweteke chomera. Maluwa amatha kupotoka pamunsi pa gulu lakuthwa. Masamba asatenge, kuti asawononge tuber, amagwa pansi. Kuthirira pang'ono pang'onopang'ono kumakhala kochepa.

Kamodzi mu mphika umodzi tuber ukhoza kukhala:

1. Tulutsani mphika ndi cyclamen m'munda kapena pakhomo, mutayika m'malo amdima, nthawi zina kuthirira kuteteza dziko lapansi kuti likhale loyanika. Mu August-September, chomeracho chimabwereranso pamalo ake oyambirira ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa madzi.
2. Dulani tuber, pepala pepala lalikulu ndikuyika bokosi la zamasamba m'firiji mpaka nthawi yophukira. Kumapeto kwa chilimwe, tuber "yamagazi" imachotsedwa ndikubzala.
3. Kuthirira kumachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, mpaka kuthetsa kwathunthu. Pambuyo tsamba lomaliza lidzagwa, mphika wokhala ndi tuber yotsalira yayikidwa pambali pake. Mu July ndi August, chomeracho chimaikidwa, kuthirira.

Ndibwino kusamala, cyclamen imakula kachiwiri mu miyezi 2-3.

Kuwaza

Poyambira kwa regrowth ya masamba atsopano, ndi zofunika kuti ndikasendeze chomeracho. Kukonzekera kowonjezera kuli kosavuta:

1. Mphika wambiri umasankhidwa ndi masentimita 2-3 masentimita kuposa mmimba mwake. Mu chidebe chachikulu kwambiri, chomeracho chili ndi masamba ochepa, maluwawo amakhala ochepa kwambiri ndipo amakhala osatha.
2. Mzere wosakaniza ndi nthaka yokonzedwa bwino imatsanulira mu mphika.
3. Mphunoyi imasankhidwa mosamala, nthaka imagwedezeka, kusiya gawo pa tuber. Tuber 2/3 oikidwa pansi.
4. Pambuyo pa kusamalidwa, isanayambe maluwa, zovuta zamchere feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri pamwezi.

Matenda wamba ndi tizirombo

Persian cyclamen imakhala ndi nkhungu zakuda ndi fusarium. Kuchokera ku Fusarium, chomeracho chimathirira madzi okwanira 0,1% a Readzole ndipo amapopera ndi masamba a Topsin-M. Ngati zizindikiro zowola zimadziwika, zowonongeka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Poyambitsa tizilombo, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (tizilombo tofiira, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo ta njovu, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono) timagwiritsa ntchito tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (Fitoferms, Aktellik, Aktar).

Kuswana

Zambiri zamakono zamakono ndizoperekera.. Pamene mukukula kuchokera ku mbewu, zimakhala zosiyana siyana, zomera zimakhala zozama, ntchito ndi nthawi ya maluwa zacheperachepera.

Kuwonjezera apo, njira ya seminal ndi yovuta. Choyamba, chomeracho chimapangidwa mungu, ndiye mbewu zimasonkhanitsidwa, zimayikidwa, zimatengedwa, zimamera pa mbande. Mbande, nayenso, imathamanga, kudyetsa, kuumitsa, ndipo pokhapokha ikabzalidwa. Chomera chochokera ku mbewu, chimamasula osati chaka chimodzi, kapena ngakhale ziwiri.

Kugawidwa kwa tuber sikuperekanso zotsatira zabwino. Kawirikawiri, tuber imayambitsa imvi nkhungu ndipo mbewu imamwalira. Njira yosavuta ndiyo kugula mbewu, tubers kapena zomera zatsopano m'sitolo.

Maluwa ofanana

Persian cyclamen ndi ofanana ndi ena oimira mtundu wawo (African, elegant, Balearic, Cypriot, Greek, Colchian, Lebanon, ivy, amazing, Turkish, Somali). Komabe, nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi zofiirira (European) cyclamen. Njira yosavuta yosiyanitsira mitundu iwiriyi ndi masamba ndi yakuti mu mitundu ya ku Ulaya masamba a m'munsi mwa tsamba ndi ofiira. European cyclamen sichitsamba masamba ndipo sichitha mu mpumulo..

Ofanana kwambiri ndi Persian cyclamen wa membala wina wa banja la Primula - dodecateon. Iwo ali okongola kwambiri ang'onoang'ono maluwa okhala ndi inflorescences ali ndi makungwa ophimbidwa pamwamba pa peduncles. Dodecateon, mosiyana ndi Persian cyclamen, imatuluka m'chilimwe.

Mofanana ndi Persian cyclamen, m'nyengo yachisanu, hyacinths ndi uumbar zimatuluka pachimake. Maluwa a hyacinths ndi ziwombera za Uumbar zimafanana ndi maluwa a cyclamen.

Olima ambiri a maluwa amaona kuti cyclamen ndi Perri yopanda nzeru. Komabe, kumusamalira sikovuta kwambiri. Okonda chomera pazenera zawo zonse amadzaza minda ya zomera izi, zimakondweretsa diso nthawi yayitali yozizira.