Zosangalatsa zokongola maluwa - awa ndi crocuses. Amayamba kuphulika kumayambiriro kwa masika ndikukondweretsa ena ndi mitundu yawo mpaka masiku khumi. Pambuyo maluwawo atha, mapewa adakali yowutsa mudyo komanso atsopano, koma pakati pa June mphindi yawo idzabwera. Komanso, crocus imabwera nthawi ya mpumulo. M'nkhani ino tidzanena chilichonse chomwe mungakhale nacho chidwi ndi zikopa.
Crocus kapena safironi - ndondomeko
Crocus kapena, monga dzina lina limadziwika bwino, safironi ndi chomera cha bulbous osatha. Kumtchire, umakula m'mapiri, m'mphepete mwa nyanja, m'mapiri ndi m'nkhalango zachilengedwe za Caucasus, Crimea, Asia, Middle East ndi kum'mwera kwa Ulaya. Mitundu ingapo yowopsya yamakono imatchulidwa m'buku la Red Book. Crocus ndi chomera chokongola, koma ziribe kanthu momwe zimakhalira zabwino, sizimatulutsa nthawi yayitali - masiku 7-10 okha.
Safironi - Ili ndi dzina la sayansi la chikhalidwe cha maluwa, koma m'mabuku a floriculture, dzina lachilatini dzina lake Crocus likuperekedwabe. Imeneyi ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono mpaka masentimita 10 mu msinkhu ndi masamba owoneka bwino omwe ali atakulungidwa. Chomeracho chili ndi mtundu wosiyana, koma maluwa ofanana ndi mabelu. Nkhono zikaphulika, mitundu yambiri ya maluwa imatuluka kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu, nthawi zina m'dzinja.
Maluwa amawoneka imodzi, ziwiri kapena zitatu pa babu iliyonse. Perianth - magawowa mwa mawonekedwe a corolla. Zigawo zimakula palimodzi kukhala thumba lalitali, lomwe limatha kufika masentimita 10 mu mitundu ina. Popanda tsinde, perianth ikugwira ntchito yake ndipo imabweretsa maluwa pamwamba pake. Zowonjezerapo zigawozi zili ndi magawo asanu ndi limodzi, omwe ali ndi gawo limodzi. Mphukira yotsegulidwa bwino imatha kufika masentimita 8.
Mukudziwa? Dzina lakuti Crocus likuchokera ku Greek "kroke" - ulusi kapena fiber. Safironi ikugwirizana ndi Chiarabu "Zeferan", chomwe chimamasuliridwa ngati chikasu.
Kusankha malo odzala crocuses
Anthu ambiri sakudziwa kuti crocuses akhoza kugawa mu autumn ndi masika, choncho, kubzala ndi kusamalira iwo kuthengo zidzakhala zosiyana. Powasankha malo, kumbukirani kuti mitundu yomwe idabzalidwa m'chaka imatenga dzuwa. Mbalame zam'mlengalenga, zimatulutsidwa bwino ndi shading yaing'ono kuchokera ku coniferous shrubs. Tikufuna kuona kuti mumthunzi zambiri za maluwa a safironi sizikuwululidwa bwino, koma pano, mwachitsanzo, mazira a Sharoyan autumn akuwopsya kwambiri poyerekeza ndi dzuwa.
Mitengo ikuoneka bwino pakati pa udzu wa udzu, koma muyenera kupewa malo oterowo. Ndipo apa ndi chifukwa chake. Udzu wa udzu umafuna kutchetcha nthawi zonse, motero n'zotheka kuwononga mwangozi masamba a safironi. Zotsatira zake, corm sidzakula msinkhu.
Kuchokera kumalingaliro okongola, kulima kwa crocuses mu dzikoko kuli bwino bwino m'magulu. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, chilengedwe chachikulu chimapindula ngati mababuwo amabzalidwa pamtunda wosiyana kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzache, akuyesa kusinthasintha kwachilengedwe. Pofuna kupanga maluwa okongola a crocuses, amafunika kubzalidwa pa gridi ya 3x3 masentimita. Pa 1 square. M ayenera kupita mababu 50.
Ndikofunikira! Musanadzalemo mchere mu nthaka yotsekemera, sungani mu "Readzole" kapena "Maxime".
Pankhaniyi, ngati munda wamaluwa wamaluwa, muyenera kubzala yoyamba kumayambiriro - mpanda, mwachitsanzo. Saffron imayenda bwino ndi zomera zam'chilimwe. Sitikulimbikitseni kuti mubzalitse pakati pa mbewu zosatha, chifukwa nthawi ya kukula kwawo ikugwa pa kukumba ndi kuziika kwa bulbous tubers. Mitengo yamaluwa mumunda wamaluwa imakhala yochititsa chidwi. Pambuyo pachimake, malo osamalidwa akhoza kuphimbidwa ndi zaka zing'onozing'ono zokha.
Kodi ma crocuses akufuna nthaka?
Chifukwa chakuti crocuses ali m'dzinja ndi masika, mthunzi ndi wachikondi, funso lokwanira likubuka ngati pali malo onse omwe mitundu yonse ya zomera izi yabzalidwa. Ndipotu, palibe zofunikira pa nthaka. Onse ogwidwa ndi oyenera, koma omasuka kwambiri pa chitukuko adzakhala ochepa komanso olemera mu humus. Safironi ngati hydrated bwino, lotayirira ndi mowolowa manja feteleza ndi nthaka. Koma, monga zomera zonse, madzi amatha kufa chifukwa cha kuphulika.
Ngati, ngakhale dongo ladothi likukula m'dera lanu, ndiye kuti nkhumba zikhale zathanzi ndi zokongola, chisamaliro chiyenera kuyambika ndi kukonza nthaka. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera peat ndi mchenga kuzipangizo zadongo ndikudzala bwino ndi zinthu zina. Pazithunzi 1. Zida zotsatirazi zikufotokozedwa.: 20 makilogalamu a peat kapena humus, 100 g ya fupa chakudya ndi 50-70 g wa feteleza zochokera kufufuza zinthu.
Ndikofunikira! Sikofunikira kufotokoza humus mu dothi lokulitsa, ndibwino kuti mulowetsemo ndi high-moor peat. Mitengo sidzalima bwino ndikukula mu zakudya zambiri, makamaka nayitrogeni.
Nthawi yobzala crocuses
Ambiri amalima maluwa amakhulupirira kuti ma crocuses ndi zomera zokha m'chaka, kotero iwo amadabwa ndikumanena kuti: "Ife timabzala nkhumba pokha kugwa". Mukamagula zokolola, onetsetsani kuti mukuganizira mfundo imodzi yofunikira: Palinso mitundu yambiri yophukira yomwe imabzalidwa m'chaka. Chikhalidwe ichi chimakhala ndi gawo lalikulu, popeza kukula kwa nyengo yophukira ndi kasupe sikumagwirizana. Iyi ndi mfundo yofunikira pamene mukuwerengera ndikudziwitsa masiku oyendera.
Mu malo ogulitsira maluwa ndi mawonetsero, kubzala mitengo ya crocuses ikuphulika m'dzinja imagulitsidwa ndi chizindikiro "Crocus autumn maluwa". Maluwa a masika amatha kugulitsidwa m'misika yamba. Zoonadi, mu sitolo ya maluwa mudzatengedwa ndi mitundu yabwino kwambiri, koma, molakwika, ma crocuses, amene mababu awo adagulidwa ku msika wa chilengedwe, mizu, ndi kukulitsa sikudzasamalidwa.
Mukudziwa? Safironi idagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ndi zonunkhira pochita mwambo wachipembedzo. Monga msipu wochepa thupi, kuwonjezera kukoma ndi mtundu wa chakudya, safironi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika mpaka lero.
Mitundu Yachilengedwe
Mu crocuses za masika, chaka chonse cha chitukuko chimayamba mu March (pali mitundu ina yomwe ngakhale mu February) ndi kukula kwa masamba oyambirira. Kuti chitukuko chikhale cholimba komanso chofulumira, zomera ziyenera kudziwa kudyetsa nkhumbazo m'chaka. Kwa iwo, feteleza ochokera phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Zitha kupangidwa pamene mphukira zoyamba zikuwonekera, ndiye nthawi ya maluwa ndi kumapeto, pamene maluwa ayamba.
Choncho, mumathandizira kupanga mapangidwe abwino a corm ndikudyetsa mokwanira. Patangopita kanthawi, mu mwezi wa April, maluwa amawoneka ndipo akuphuka. Pamene nkhumba zimatuluka, masambawo amatseguka osasintha mkati mwa masabata awiri kapena atatu. Kumapeto kwa maluwa kumapitirizabe kukula kufikira mbewu za kucha. Kumapeto kwa June iwo amauma.
Zonsezi zimachitika chifukwa cha zakudya zomwe zimapezeka m'chaka chapita chaka. Babu likatha, imatha. Mizere imapanga babu yatsopano pamwamba pa chakale pamene nthawi yamaluwa yadutsa. Adzakhala m'malo mmalo. Lili ndi masamba a masamba kuti muthe kukonzanso maluwa ndi masamba.
Pa nthawi yomwe ikukula komanso kufota masamba, babu amatha kupeza mphamvu zofunikira. Pakati penipeni pa June, corm idzayenda mofatsa, ndipo m'dzinja idzachitanso: idzakula mizu ndikupitirizabe kusonkhanitsa chakudya. Kenaka, njira yopangira mphukira ndi kuyambiranso kwa kukolola kwa mbali zina zam'mbuyowo kumatsirizidwa.
Musati muchotse msanga masambawo ndipo musamabwezeretse chomera pa nyengo yokula, kotero kuti musagwirizane ndi chifukwa chake ma crocous sanafalikire masika. Izi zimasokoneza chikhalidwe cha moyo ndipo zimabweretsa kuchedwa kwachitukuko. Mababuwo safa chifukwa cha ichi ndipo kenako amachira, akufalikira kachiwiri. Koma kubwezeretsa kumatha kutenga zaka ziwiri, koma panthawiyi mukhoza kuiwala za kubzala ndi mwangozi kukumba.
Zili zoonekeratu kuti kulima mbewu kumagwirizana ndi kucha kwa babu, ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti crocus ayenera kusungabe umphumphu wa masamba ake kufikira mutha. Choncho, muyenera kuthandiza duwa m'njira iliyonse pochotsa mabokosi a mbeu zomwe zimafooketsa chimbudzi, ndikubzala zinthu zisanathe. Nthawi yabwino yobzala safironi yam'mawa ndi September, chifukwa kanthawi pang'ono kenaka mizu ing'onoing'ono idzaonekera pa mababu, omwe amavulazidwa mosavuta.
Miyambo Yotulukira
Miyoyo ya mphukira yomwe ikuphulika mu masika ndi yofanana ndi nthawi ya colchicum. Nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka. Pofuna kupewa cholakwika, muyenera kudziŵa kuti mababu a safironi ndi ang'onoang'ono - mpaka 2.5 masentimita ndi masentimita atatu maluwa, pamene colchicum imakhala kawiri. Ambiri a crocus autumn amayamba ulendo wawo ndi maluwa.
Panthawi imeneyi, masamba akukula ndikuthandizira kuti calm ibadwire. Zina zimapanga masamba ndi bokosi la mbewu ndikuzaza mapangidwe a babu atsopano pamtunda, pamene mitundu yomwe yafotokozedwa kumayambiriro imayamba kuphulika. Mitengo, ikufalikira kumapeto kwa autumn, ipite m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo isanatsirize maluwa. Zotsatira zake, palibe mbewu zopangidwa. Koma izi sizimafooketsa chomera ndipo siziyenera kudetsa nkhaŵa.
Ma crocuses achinyama ali ndi nthawi yochepa ya mwezi kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu, ndipo chotero chiwerengero cha ntchito ya bulgarian ndi August. Choncho, kuti chitukuko cha autumn chikhale chonchi chaka chomwecho, chiyenera kubzalidwa pakati pa mapeto a July ndi pakati pa August. Koma bwanji simukuthira maluwa omwe amagulidwa mu sitolo yabwino ndikubzala mu nthaka yabwino? Kupeza ma crocuses kapena maulendo obzala m'masiku odzala kudzasokoneza mapangidwe a ziwalo zam'tsogolo.
Mbalame yam'mbuyo yam'mbuyomo m'zaka ziwiri zoyambirira imangomera masamba ndipo samasamba. Makona opangidwa ndi masamba ndi maluwa amafota mofulumira ndikulowa m'zaka ziwiri. Zikondwerero zomwe zasintha moyo wawo, zimafooketsa kwambiri ndipo ziyenera kulandira chisamaliro choyenera pambuyo pa maluwa. Izi zimapatsa mphamvu zawo chaka chotsatira.
Mukudziwa? Mafuta a safironi nthawi zakale sanali oposa 15 kuposa mtengo wofiira, koma ngakhale golidi. Kwa 450 g zonunkhira mungagule kavalo wa Arabia. Lero, zonunkhira izi sizitsika mtengo.
Kukula kwa Crocus ndi kubereka
Kukula kwa Crocus kumaphatikizapo njira ziwiri: mbewu ndi mwana wamkazi wa corms. Iyi si njira yovuta konse.
Mbeu ya Crocus
Kuchuluka kwa crocuses ku mbewu kumachitika mobwerezabwereza kuposa kuchokera ku corms. Mchitidwewu ndi wofanana ndi wamaluwa omwe akufuna kufalitsa mitundu ina yamtengo wapatali, choncho chodzala chimatengedwa mochuluka.
Mitengo yambiri yamabotolo siili ndi vuto la mapangidwe a mbewu, koma m'dzinja fruiting cycle ikhoza kutayika chifukwa cha kuyamba kwa chisanu choyamba. Zomera zimasungidwa bwino, koma ngati zinyama zikufalikira m'dzinja, ndi bwino kufesa mbewu zokha za overwintering.
Popeza zipangizozi zimakula bwino, nkhuku zathanzi komanso zamphamvu zimatha kukula kuchokera ku mbewuzi. Mbalame zam'tsogolo zomwe zimabzalidwa ndi nyemba zimapereka mphukira zazing'ono, ndipo popeza namsongole sagone, ndibwino kuti mubzale m'mitsuko kapena mabokosi kuyambira pachiyambi. Mpaka mphukira zoyamba ziwonekere, zida za mbeu ziyenera kutengedwa ndi filimu yoteteza kuwala kapena spunbond. Kachiwiri, kuthirira sikungatheke. Mbande amayamba pachimake mu 3-4 zaka.
Kudzala ma crocuses ndi mababu
Kukumba chimbudzi nthawi iliyonse yozizira sikofunikira. Ndikofunika kuchita izi, aliyense wa zaka zitatu, m'nyengo ya chilimwe ya ma crocuses, kuti athe kupatulira mababu a amayi kuchokera ku tubers akukula panthawiyi. Zitha kukhala zidutswa khumi, ndipo zimayamba kusokonezana.
Zotsatira zake, safironi maluwa ndizochepa kwambiri. Pachifukwa ichi, kupatulidwa kwa mababu a mwana wamkazi, kupatsirana kwawo ndi kusamalidwa kwa crocuses kumachitika motere. Pofuna kusonkhanitsa zokolola monga mtundu wa corms, mayi amatha kukumba nthawi zambiri kuposa kamodzi pa zaka zitatu. Ndi bwino kusokoneza safironi yoyambilira yophukira kuyambira June mpaka August, ndi kuphulika kwa masika kuyambira July mpaka September. Zomera zimayenera kuchotsedwa pansi, zouma, kuchotsa ziphuphu zosautsika ndi mizu yakufa.
Muyeneranso kufufuza mosamala mababu a matenda. Siyani zinthu zokha zokhazokha. Kuwonongeka kwa magetsi kuyenera kuchiritsidwa ndi phulusa kapena malasha osweka. Mpaka mutabzala pansi muyenera kusungidwa pamalo ozizira ndi ozizira.
Nkhonya zosamalira kunja
Momwe mungamerekere nkhumba zamphamvu ndi zathanzi mutabzala, tidzanena zambiri. Koma dziwani kuti simudzachita khama komanso nthawi yambiri.
Kutsekemera koweta
Nthawi zonse kuthirira safironi sikofunikira, pambali pake, zimakhala zopweteka kwambiri chifukwa cha chinyezi chambiri. Makotu ambiri amafunikira madzi mu nthawi ya masika ndi yophukira. Koma chikhalidwe chimatithandizanso komweko: pa nthawi imodzi, chisanu chimasungunuka ndi kupereka madzi, kwinakwake - mvula yoyambilira. Kuthirira kwina kuli koyenera ngati chisanu sichinali chipale chofewa, ndipo autumn sichitha mvula yokwanira. Koma ngakhalenso ndi chinyezi chokwanira, nkhumbazi zimapambana bwino nthawi ya zomera. Kutalika kokha kumakhala kochepa. M'chilimwe, nthawi yamtendere, crocuses samasowa madzi, amasankha kukhala m'malo owuma.
Feteleza ndi kuvala
Cholinga chokula zomera zonse m'munda ndizovala zapamwamba, choncho, poganizira za momwe mungamerekere ma crocuses wathanzi ndi okongola m'munda wanu, muyenera kukonzekera zovuta zamchere feteleza. Kupaka zovala zapamwamba za crocuses kuli ndi zovuta zina. Zatsopano feteleza saloledwa. Amayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Peat, manyowa owonongeka komanso feteleza ena amchere adzakondedwa.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, panthawi ya kukula kwachangu, fetereza imayenera kukonkhedwa chifukwa cha chisanu chokhazikika. Pachiyambi cha nthawi yosamba, mukhoza kulowa urea. Pambuyo pake, nitrojeni yochulukirapo idzapangitsa masamba kukula, omwe angayambitse matenda oopsa a fungalesi nyengo yamvula. Pambuyo pa theka la mwezi, m'pofunikira kufalitsa feteleza omwe ali ndi phosphorous ndi potaziyamu kumalo otsetsereka. Zidzathandiza kuti maluwa aziwoneka bwino komanso kuti apange mphuno yamphamvu komanso yathanzi.
Kutuluka pambuyo maluwa
Monga ma bulbous ambiri, maluwa amenewa amataya masamba awo pakati pa chilimwe, choncho muyenera kusamala kwambiri posamalira ngodya pa nyumba yanu yachilimwe mutatha pachimake. Ngati simukukonzekera kubzala zomera kumalo atsopano, ndiye kuti mutha kuchotsa masamba osweka. Ngati adasankha kukumba crocuses, ndiye nthawi yabwino ndi July.
Njirayi ndi iyi:
- Chotsani inflorescences zomwe zafota kotero kuti chomera sichipita kukayesera kuyesa kupanga mbewu.
- Pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuthirira. Choncho kutuluka kwa zakudya zonse zimalowa pang'onopang'ono.
- Masamba akakhala achikasu kwambiri, babu ayenera kukumbidwa ndi kuuma pang'ono kutentha.
- Kenaka, chotsani mamba ndikuchotseratu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso oonongeka.
- Sungani babu mu chipinda chokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira pa kutentha kwa 20 ° C.
Crocus Transplant
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mababu aakazi kuchokera ku crocuses, amafunika kukhala pansi. Popanda kutero, chisa chachikulu chazinthu chimapangidwa. Zimakhala zowonjezereka, zimakhala zofooka, maluwa amakhala ochepa, ndipo chomeracho chimataya chidwi chake.
Mababu amayenera kukumba masamba atatha kufota m'ma July - oyambirira August. Sungani musanayambe kuika pamalo otentha komanso abwino. Ndikofunika kudzala mu mabedi a maluwa mu August kapena September pamtunda wofanana ndi awiri kapena atatu chimanga m'mimba mwake. Penjelo liyenera kukumba mozama mofanana ndi mababu atatu mu msinkhu.
Malo osungirako babu
Ma corms omwe amachotsedwa amafunika kutsukidwa pansi, mizu yakufa ndi mamba, ndiyeno amafalikira mumtanda umodzi kapena bokosi. Zing'onozing'ono zingathe kuwonongeka, mwachitsanzo, mu masitolo a maswiti. Mpaka mwezi wa August, kubzala zinthu ziyenera kusungidwa kutentha kwa +22 ° C ndipo sizitha kuchepetsedwa, chifukwa mu njirayi maluwawo aikidwa. Mu August, kutentha kwayenera kutsetsereka kufika ku +20 ° C. Mu sabata - mpaka +15 ° С. Koma zovuta zimenezi zimakhala zovuta kulenga pakhomo, ndipo zimakhala zabwino, chifukwa m'mapulasi apadera mungathe kusintha kayendedwe ka kutentha. В привычных нам условиях луковицы крокуса нужно поместить в тёмное сухое место с возможностью хорошего проветривания и комнатной температурой.
Mukudziwa? Для получения 1 кг пряности шафрана нужно собрать около 600 000 рылец с только что распустившихся цветков крокуса. Отсюда и выражение "дорог, как шафран". Весьма оправданное высказывание.
Сезонный ритм крокусов
Maluwa am'maluwa, nkhumba zimatha kuyamba pachimake pakatikati pa mwezi wa March ndi pakati pa mwezi wa April, ngati mutakula ndikuziganizirani maonekedwe onse. Koma nthawi ya chochitika ichi ikhoza kukhala yosiyana kwambiri malinga ndi kusungunuka kwa chisanu ndi kutentha kwa chivundikiro cha nthaka. Pakhala pali ziyambi za maluwa a masika, ngakhale kumapeto kwa February.
Mitengo yophukira imakhala yolimba komanso yowonjezereka pa nkhaniyi. Mtengo wa zomera umadalira mwapadera momwe ziphuphu zinakhazikitsidwira nyengo yotsiriza - izi zimagwirira ntchito kumapeto kwa maluwa kapena m'chilimwe - safironi yamaluwa.
Chifukwa chiyani nkhumba sizizimera
Ambiri wamaluwa wamaluwa ndi amalima akudabwa chifukwa chiyani mbalame sizikuphulika, pamene chirichonse chikuwoneka kuti chikuchitika bwino, koma kwenikweni palibe maluwa ndipo pali tsamba limodzi lokha. Tiyeni tiyang'ane ndi vuto ili palimodzi ndikusankha pa zifukwa ziti?
Choyamba, zomwe zingasokoneze maluwa ndi thickening wa plantings. Imakhala yodzaza kwambiri ndi mababu a mwana amene mayi tuber amatha kukankhira kunja nthenga zatsopano za masamba obiriwira. Mababu amalepheretsa wina ndi mzake, kotero maluwa achoka pa funsolo. Njira yowonekera apa ndiyi - mitengo yachitsulo ndikupereka malo ambiri ku tubers zatsopano.
Chifukwa chachiwiri ikhoza kuphimbidwa ndi mababu ozama kwambiri. Iwo alibe mphamvu zokwanira kuti aziphulika. Mphamvu zonse zomwe adazigwiritsa ntchito poponya mapepala pamtunda. Kawirikawiri, zomera zomwe zimabzalidwa m'nthaka ya mchenga zimakhala zosasunthika.
Mukhoza kuthetsa vutoli poika mchere kwa masentimita 7. Mu dothi lolemera, anyezi ayenera kuwonjezeka ndi osachepera 5 masentimita.
Chifukwa chomaliza chimene crocuses sichimasintha m'munda wanu, mulibe kusowa kwa fetereza. Chinthu chachikulu ndikupanga zokonzekera mchere mu nthawi yake komanso muzofunikira. Choyamba, chimachitika mutabzala: fetereza imagwiritsidwa ntchito pangodya. Safironi, yomwe ikukula m'malo amodzi kwa zaka zambiri, imatulutsa zakudya zonse m'nthaka. Maluwa amenewa ayenera kudyetsedwa m'chaka, kuthirira njira yothetsera mchere feteleza. Manyowa opangidwa ndi feteleza ndi oyenerera, yabwino kwambiri ndi kompositi yomwe imalowa mu dzenje lakudzala.
Mukudziwa? Anthu achinyengo amapanga safironi. Ku Iran ku Middle Ages, manja adadulidwa chifukwa cha izi. Ku Germany, anaikidwa m'manda amoyo kapena kuwotchedwa pamtengo. Ku France, chirichonse chinali chamunthu kwambiri - chabwino chabe cha makilogalamu 60 a siliva.
Matenda a Crocus ndi tizirombo
Ziribe kanthu kuti mumayesetsa bwanji kusamalira munda wanu, kumera nkhumba kapena mbewu zina zamtundu, koma nthawizina chinachake chimapita molakwika. Chomeracho chimaima pa siteji imodzi ya chitukuko, kapena kutaya mawonekedwe ake okongola, kapena kufa nkomwe.
Zifukwa za izi ndi matenda ndi tizirombo:
- Mavairasi. Chizindikiro choyamba cha maonekedwe awo pa safironi ndi mawanga oyera pamasamba opunduka. Iwo amatambasula ndi kuyang'ana pa nsonga. Amanyamulidwa ndi kuyamwa tizilombo, monga nsabwe za m'masamba, nthata kapena thrips. Chomera chokhudzidwa kale chimakhala chosasinthika wofalitsa wa matenda, ndipo chiyenera kuwonongedwa mwamsanga. Koma musadandaule ngati matendawa adatchetcha nkhono pa tsamba lanu. Mavairasi safika pambewu, ndipo zomera zimatsitsimutsidwa ndi reseeding. Tiyeni titenge nthawi, koma mubwezeretsenso ziweto zanu.
- Fungi. Inagwira ntchito yotentha ndi yamvula. Monga lamulo, iwo amakhudzidwa ndi corm ya zomera. Zimataya mphamvu zake, mawonekedwe, ndi madontho a mawonekedwe achilendo osiyana ndi mamba. Babu liyenera kuwonongedwa, ndi ana ena kuti aume m'malo ozizira. Musanabzala, ayenera kuthiridwa mu njira yofooka ya manganese kapena njira ya 0.2% ya "Fundazol".
- Chlorosis Mu matendawa, masamba amayamba kutembenukira chikasu, omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa zakudya zina m'nthaka, koma ndi kuwonongeka kwa makina kwa tuber, madzi osakera kapena nyengo zosayenera.
- Nkhono ndi timadontho. Amawononga ma corms, akudutsa m'magawo awo komanso ngakhale kuwatengera kwathunthu ku nyumba zawo kapena kubwezera mizu. Ngati chomera chikukula bwino, chimafooka, ndiye kuti n'zotheka kuweruza kuti anyezi avunda. Pankhaniyi, amafunika kukumba ndikuchotsa mbali yovunda. Gwiritsani ntchito malo odulidwawo ndi phulusa ndikuchoka panja kwa maola ambiri kuti muume. Kuti musakope makoswe, muyenera kuchotsa mitengo yonse yakufa ndi udzu m'kati mwa mamita atatu kuchokera pa landings, chifukwa chisa chake chilipo. Kuposa mamita atatu kuchokera pa chisa, iwo sadzathawa.
- Mphuphu za mphutsi. Dulani mizu ndi kupanga mabowo mu mababu. Zitha kuzindikiridwa mu kugwa pamene tasiya. Pamene tizilombo tating'onoting'onoting'ono timene tikukonzekera kuti tipeze, akhoza kukumba, kusonkhanitsidwa ndikuwonongedwa.
- Slugs Pa fertile kapena katundu dongo dothi pansi slugs kukhazikitsa. Mukhoza kuwachotsa mothandizidwa ndi yankho lapadera la slugs kapena, mutabzala kuzungulira babu, mupange mchenga wosasinthika.
