Zosangalatsa mu mawonekedwe zokoma kwambiri Mbalame yakuda yambewu (Black finger) Kalasi ya Israeli, ali ndi chiyanjano cha chiyambi cha Russian, chotchedwa Alyonushka.
Ena amanena kuti izi ndi zofanana zosiyana ndi zomwe adalandira dzina lachirasha mu ndondomeko ya acclimatization, ena amawona kusiyana kochepa.
Chiyambi
Mbiri yake ya Finger Black imatsogolera ku Israeli Volcani Genetic Centerzokhudzana ndi Dipatimenti ya Zipatso Mitengo.
Cholinga chobweretsa mbewu kapena mphesa zochepa zimaperekedwa ndi obereketsa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kufunika kwa zinthu zoterezi m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Zina mwa mitundu yopanda mbewu zomwe zimadziwika ndizo Zam'mwamba Zopanda Mtengo, Amfiti a Zalala ndi a Corinka Russian.
Mitundu yatsopano yolimbikitsidwa kulima ku South America, South Africa, Mediterranean ndi Israel.
Komabe, iye anachita bwino mu zikhalidwe za South wa Russia, ndi kum'mwera zigawo Ukraine.
Tsatanetsatane wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Black Finger
Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mbewu mu chipatso cha Black Finger amati ndi zoumba. Mdima, pafupifupi mtundu wakuda wa zipatso ndi mawonekedwe awo akuwoneka kuti ukutsimikizira dzina la zosiyanasiyana.
Zipatso lalikulu kwambiri, kulemera kwawo kufika 12-14 magalamu (wamba woumba zoumba ali ndi zipatso zopitirira 3.5 magalamu).
Finger chipatso mawonekedwe - mpaka 3 cm kutalika. Pakati pa sultanas "zimphona" zoterozo ndizosowa kwambiri.
Kishmish Centenary, Attica ndi Arsenyevsky ndi a kishmish.
Sungani zipatso - kuchulukitsa kwa anthu ambiri, pamene amadya pafupifupi osamva.
Pulp zipatsozo zimakhala zowopsya komanso zowopsya, zokoma, ndi zonunkhira za nutmeg.
Zosangalatsa zimawerengedwa ngati zapamwamba kwambiri.
Zosonkhanitsa zipatso m'magulu akuluakulu osasintha. Polemera Masango amafika pa kilo imodzi ndi theka. Kulemera kwao ndi pafupifupi kilogalamu imodzi.
Chithunzi
Onani bwino kwambiri ndi mphesa "Finger Black" ingakhale mu chithunzi pansipa:
Zizindikiro za kukula
Popeza zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi otsika chisanu kukana (kukuma sikulimbana ndi chisanu pansipa-madigiri 20), tikulimbikitsanso kukula m'madera omwe nyengo yozizizira ndi yochepa.
Kuonetsetsa kuti mitengo ikhale yosavuta kuimika m'madera ozizira kwambiri ndi zofunika kuphimba.
Kuphuka kwa mphesa, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumabzala kumapeto kwa October, sikungathandize kuti ipite patsogolo kumpoto.
Kukula msinkhu kumakhalanso ndi Galben Nou, Velika ndi Tukay.
Chitsamba chiri kukula kwakukulu mphamvuPamene kukukula kumafuna mapangidwe ofunika kwambiri.
Chofunika choletsa kukula kwa chitsamba chimagwirizananso ndi zipatso zapamwamba mitundu, ndikofunika kuchepetsa katundu pa mpesa.
Pazitsamba mutuluke osaposa 30-35 maso. Mpesa wa fruiting unadulidwa, kusiya ma 6-8 maso.
Popeza mphesayi siidachulukidwe m'dziko lathu, zizindikiro za kulima kwake sizinaphunzire mokwanira ndipo ziyenera kusinthidwa malingana ndi zomwe zikukula.
Palibenso deta yodalirika yokhoza kusungidwa zosiyanasiyana.
Kuonjezera apo, kugwiritsa ntchito gibberellin pamtunda wa 20-25 ml pa 10 malita a madzi kumaonjezera kutalika ndi kulemera kwa chipatso.
Kulandira matenda
Nkhumba Yamtundu imakhala yotsutsana kwambiri ndi matenda akuluakulu. Chiwerengero chonse cha chitsimikizo chimawerengedwa pa mfundo 3.5.
Izi zosiyanasiyana zimakhudzidwa ndi matenda a fungal - oidium ndi mildew, anthracnose ndi chlorosis. Choncho, pa nyengo yokula m'pofunikira kuchita mankhwala osiyanasiyana motsutsana ndi matenda akuluakulu.
Ngakhale kuti kuchulukitsa mankhwala ambiri kumawonjezera mtengo wa mankhwala, izi zimapindula mokwanira ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa mitundu yambirimbiri pamsika. Komanso, kufunika kwa mitundu yotereku kumapitiriza kukula.
Palibe chidziwitso chapadera cha zosiyanasiyana kwa tizirombo. Izi zikusonyeza kuti zimakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo pa msinkhu.
"Finger Black" - mtundu watsopano wa mphesa "kishmish". Choyamba, zingakhale zolimbikitsidwa kulima m'mapulaseri apadera, popeza izi sizikutanthauza chilolezo chapadera, kukumbukira zimenezo chivomezi chovomerezeka Malo osankhidwa a Israeli.
Pakati pa mitundu yatsopanoyi, muyeneranso kulabadira Mphatso Yatsopano ya Zaporozhye, Valeriy Voevoda ndi Ruby Jubilee.
Kuonjezerapo, kufunika kwa malo ogona ndi kosavuta kugwira ntchito m'mapulasi. Pa mafakitale, mphesa izi zikhoza kukula m'madera akum'mwera, kupeza malo oyenera.
