Posachedwapa, apulo zosiyanasiyana Arkadik osati imodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka yotentha yozizira.
Komabe, tsopano ndi mitundu yofunika kwambiri, mosiyana ndi nthawi zambiri Antonovka, yomwe ili ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri.
M'nkhaniyi, mutha kupeza mtundu wa chisamaliro cha apulodi wa Arkadik chifunikila, kufotokozera izi zosiyanasiyana ndikuwona chithunzi cha chipatso.
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Apple Arkadik amatanthauza mitundu yoyambirira ya chilimwe (gawo loyamba la August).
Mitundu ya chilimwe ndi Melba, Gorno-Altaiskoe, Gornist, Papirovka, Malinovka, Bely Pour, Yandykovskoe, Wonderful, Terentyevka, Silver Hoof, Siyanets Solntsedara, Solntsedar, Ulemerero kwa Wopambana, July Chernenko, Kvinti, Elena, Dachnoe.
Kuwongolera
Arkadik akhoza mungu wochokera ndi mitundu yambiri. Chithandizo cha Copper sulphate chingathandize kuti mungu azikhala bwino.
Lamulo lalikulu sikuti tiyime pafupi ndi mitundu yomwe ili ndi nthawi yofanana, koma yothandizira mitunduyi. osati yoyenera mitengo yachisanu.
Description zosiyanasiyana Arkadik
Mitengo ya apulo Arkadik ndi yamphamvu, ili ndi zipatso zazikulu ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimasiyanitsa mtengo ndi mitundu ina.
Korona wa mtengo uli wamphamvu, wamba wochuluka, ali ndi mzere wambiri, koma analoza mawonekedwe apamwamba. Kutalika kwa thunthu nthawi zina kumafika mamita anayi mu msinkhu. Zimakula mofulumira, zosagonjetsedwa ndi zovuta zachilengedwe.
Mphukira imakhala ndi mtundu wofiira, wozungulira, waukulu kwambiri, wosabala, womwe uli pafupi kwambiri ndi nthambi. Masamba ndi ovunda, koma pang'ono, osakanikirana, obiriwira, osakanikirana.
Zipatso za izi zosiyanasiyana ndi zokongola kukula kwakukulu, kulemera kumatha kufika 300 magalamu. Maonekedwewo ndi abwino, olondola, khungu ndi lochepa kwambiri.
Kumayambiriro kwa kucha, zipatso zimakhala ndi utoto wobiriwira, pakapita nthawi zimaphimbidwa ndi manyazi, ndipo pamapeto pake nthawi zambiri apulogalamuyi imakhala ndi mawanga ofiira.
Pali zigawo zochepa zokhazokha, zomwe zimaoneka ngati imvi. Nyama ya apulo ndi yowutsa, yowonjezera pang'ono, yomwe imadziwika ndi zovuta. Sakani zipatso zonunkhira, zokoma ndi zowawasa, zili ndi nthanga zingapo.
Chithunzi
Mbiri yobereka
Mitundu imeneyi imatengedwa kuti ndi wolandira cholowa cha mtundu wa Arkadik. Analandiridwa ku Moscow, ku All-Russian Breeding Institute.
Wolemba Masukulu - Chinese V.V. Ali nazo zambiri mkulu wachisanu hardiness, chipatso ndi mawonekedwe okongola.
Kukula kwachilengedwe kudera
Mbalame zam'kalasili sizimapweteka. Zofufuza zasonyeza kuti chipatso cha mitengo ya zosiyanasiyana chisanu chopinga kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira pa madigiri 25 pansi pa zero.
Malo abwino kwambiri kumera - Moscow dera ndi dziko lonse la Russia.
Kulimbana ndi zikhalidwe za kumpoto, kumene Antonovka wotchuka kwambiri sangathe kulimbana ndi chisanu.
Kubzala kumadera amenewo mitundu oyenera: Vietnam Petrov, Knight, Mwamunayu, Venyaminovskoe, Bryansk Golden, Borovinka, Pepin duwa, snowdrop, Junior zachilengedwe, Calvillo chisanu, sprocket, dzuwa, Christmas, kutsitsimuka, North Sinap, Lobo, Augusta.
Pereka
Mtengo ukatulutsa chipatso, kukula kwake kumasiya. Izi zosiyanasiyana zambiri zokololaChoncho, ndi kofunikira kuti wamaluwa aziyang'anitsitsa kudyetsa mtengo.
Ubwino umodzi wa Arkadika ndikuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana imayamba kubereka zipatso. m'chaka chachitatu mutabzala ndi pambuyo pake - chaka ndi chaka.
Zipatso kawirikawiri zimapsa m'katikati mwa August, zokololazo ndi zapamwamba kwambiri - kuchokera mu mtengo umodzi mukhoza kusonkhanitsa pafupifupi makilogalamu 200. Nthawi yosungiramo maapulo ndi yaing'ono - pafupifupi mwezi umodzi.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Arkadik sichifuna kuti pakhale zofunikira zenizeni zobzala, makamaka, malamulo onse a mitengo ya apulo, koma tiyeni tione mfundoyi mwatsatanetsatane.
Nthaka iliyonse ikhoza kukhala yoyenera pa mtengo wa apulo. Kufika kungakhoze kuchitidwa monga m'dzinjakotero ndi kumapeto. Choyamba muyenera kulemba gawo limene mukupita kukabzala mtengo wa apulo pogwiritsa ntchito timitengo.
Kulowa kwa mitengo ayenera kukhala pafupifupi mamita asanu kapena asanu m'litali - malingana ndi mtundu wa rootstocks. Ndiye muyenera kuyamba kukumba dzenje.
Dziwani kuti iyeyo m'lifupi ayenera kufika masentimita 80, ndi kuya - 70. Kudula gawo la pansi sikungagwiritsidwe ntchito mtsogolomu, koma pamwamba ndithu zidzakuthandizani.
Kenaka, muyenera kupanga kamtengo kakang'ono, kulowetsamo nkhonya, ndikuyika mmera pafupi nawo, kuyendetsa mizu yake pamtambo. Mizu iyenera kutayidwa nthawi zonse.
Mbeu iyenera kumangirizidwa ku khola, ndipo dzenje liyenera kukhala lopangidwa ndi chimbudzi chosakaniza ndi humus kapena kompositi.
MFUNDO: Mchere kapena mchere watsopano sungaperekedwe pobzala pansi, mwinamwake zingayambe kuyaka pamitengo ya mtengo.
Pambuyo pa dzenje, mudzafunikanso kukumba dzenje laling'ono kuzungulira pazitali ndikuzitsanulira ndi madzi. M'chaka choyamba mutabzala mtengo wa apulo, chidwi chenicheni chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa nthawi zambiri ulimi wothirira: osachepera kawiri pa mwezi.
Kuti kukula kwa mtengo kukuyendere bwino, nthawi ndi nthawi muyenera kumasula nthaka ndi kudula udzu, kuchotsani namsongole wamsongole. Mu zaka zisanu zoyambirira mtengo udzafunika zikopakusiya kutali ndi mbewa kapena hares.
Pambuyo poonekera korona, kuimirira kapena kutulutsa nthambi ziyenera kudulidwa kuti zisamalire, koma kuti zikhale zosiyana.
Kukolola kwakukulu m'zaka zoyambirira kungathe kuvulaza m'tsogolomu, choncho nkofunika sankhani maluwakuchepetsa katundu pa nthambi za mtengo. Ngati lamulo ili likuwonetsedwa, chiopsezo chosowa chochepa chidzachepetsedwa.
Nthambi zimayenera kupunthira pa ovary, kuti zipatso zakupsa zisamalike bwino komanso zisatayike.
Patatha zaka zingapo, mtengowo "ukalamba", ena makamaka ankanyamula nthambi adzayenera kumangiriza kapena kuthandizirakuti mupewe kuswa.
Kuyeretsa kokha kwa mbiyayi ndi njira yothetsera laimu, kumaphatikizidwanso mu chisamaliro chosavuta. kuyeretsa masamba otsala ndi kuchotsa mphukira pa mizumalo omwe mumakonda kwambiri aphid.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Njira yosiyanasiyana yosankhidwa kusankha anasintha zinthu zake kuti zisawonongeke nkhanambo. Komabe, izi sizitsimikizo kuti mtengo sudzapweteka konse kapena kuti sudzasokonezedwa ndi tizirombo.
Kukaniza nkhanambo mitundu: Mwana wamkazi Pepinchika, Uralets, Yubilyar, Stroyevskoe, Rennet Chernenko, Zhigulevskoe, Bryansk, Bolotovskoe, Bogatyr, Berkutovskoe, Babushkino, Aphrodite.
Zachilengedwe ndi zachilengedwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati prophylactic ndi mankhwala othandizira.
Kufotokozera za matenda otheka a apulo Arkadik zosiyanasiyana:
Kuchokera ku tizirombo kupulumutsidwa kwabwino kudzakhala yankho mkuwa sulphatekomanso mankhwala omwe ali nawo mkuwa.
Makungwa a mtengo akhoza kuwonekera cytosporosis. Izi ndi zilonda zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, ndipo zimatha kufalikira kumtunda wonse.
Chizindikiro chake - mawanga ofiira ofiira osiyanasiyana. Kusamwa kosakwanira kapena kuchepa, komanso chisamaliro chokwanira komanso nthaka yosauka kungawononge matendawa.
Pofuna kuchiza matendawa, m'pofunika kuti muzitha kupopera mankhwala m'chaka, panthawi ya kutupa kwa impso, ndikukonzekera, "Kunyumba".
Ndiye - pamaso pa maluwa ndondomeko yankho mkuwa sulphate. Pambuyo pake, padzakhala koyenera kupitanso kuchipatala pogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndipo nthawi yomaliza idzakhala yothandiza phosphorus ndi potaziyamukomanso nkhuni zoyera.
Palibe mtengo wa inshuwalansi wotsutsa zipatso zowola. Matenda osasangalatsawa amakhudza mbali zina za chipatsocho ndi mabala ofiira ofiira, ndipo amadzaza nkhope yonse.
Mwachiwonekere, chipatsocho sichitha kutaya kokha kukoma kwake, komabe kenako chimakhala chosagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Matendawa amafalikira mofulumira, akuyesa zipatso zambiri zamtengo wapatali pamtengo, zomwe zimatha kutha. Mankhwalawa amakhala mankhwala ochiritsa moyo wa fetus "Hom".
Mlendo wosafunika pa mtengo akhoza kukhala chongani, adalandira dzina loti "apulo". Izi zimayambitsa mtengo kwa zaka zingapo.
Nyumbazo ndizo ziphuphu, momwe mite yamasika imatha kubweretsa mibadwo isanu ndi umodzi mu nyengo imodzi. Ili ndi mtundu wofiira kwambiri, kawirikawiri imatha kuoneka pa nsonga za masamba.
Choyamba muyenera kusamalira kupewa - nthawi ndi nthawi kuchotsa mtengo wa makungwa akale, onetsetsani kuti mumanyamula mtunda wautali ndikuwutentha. Pofuna kuthandizira nkhupakupa kumakhala njira yapadera yotsutsana ndi tizirombo zomwe zimayambitsa mvula zimayenera kupopera mtengo - karbofos ndi dicofol.
MFUNDO: Pofuna kupewa kutentha kwa masamba ndi nthambi m'chilimwe, m'pofunika kufufuza musanayambe kupopera mankhwala onse - kutsitsira nthambi imodzi, dikirani ndikuwunika zomwe zimachitika.
Ngati palibe vuto lililonse kapena mankhwala, chithandizo chonse chikhoza kuchitika.
Zizindikiro zosapindulitsa za zosiyanasiyanazi ndi zake chokolola chochuluka, kulimbana kwakukulu kwa chisanu, kusowa kwa nkhanambondi maapulo okongola monga mavitamini.
Zofooka zodziwika sizikudziwika, ndipo ndi chisamaliro choyenera ndi kupewa nthawi zonse zitha kupewa komanso mavuto ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.
Ndikofunika kukolola mu nthawi kuti mupewe kupitirira.
