Chubushnik - Ichi ndi chomera cha banja la Hortensia. Chitsamba ichi chokhala ndi maluwa okongola ndi zonunkhira zokoma zingasokonezedwe jasmine Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza chifukwa chake kuli koyenera kubzala munda wa jasmine ndi momwe mungachitire.
Tidzakambirananso chisamaliro choyenera kwa iwo komanso mtundu wa kubzala mbewu ndi nthawi ya chaka pamene kuli kofunika kuti tipeze nkhope yowonongeka. Tiyeni tione zomwe zimapindulitsa pa munda wa jasmine ndikuphunziranso momwe mungagwirire ndi tizirombo ndi matenda omwe amapezeka.
Mukudziwa? Chomeracho chinayamba kutchedwa Chubushnik chifukwa chubuk ndi makompyuta oyendetsa mapaipi anali opangidwa ndi nkhuni zake.
Kubzala chubushnika
Masamba a munda wa jasmine ndi wobiriwira wobiriwira. Pamapeto pake, mtundu umasintha ndi mandimu.
Inflorescence kununkhiza ngati strawberries.
Chubushnik akuwoneka ngati:
Tsopano popeza tikudziwa momwe zimawonekera, tiyenera kuyamba kuyambika kwa Chubushnik palokha.
Kusankha malo okhala
Chubushnik amakonda dzuwa kwambiri, koma amakhalanso wokondwa mumthunzi. Ngati mutabzala munda wa jasmine padzuwa, mumakhala pachimake bwino kwambiri, ndipo ngati mthunziwo maluwawo amakhala ochepa, ndipo nthambi zimatulutsidwa.
Nthaka yabwino kwambiri ya munda wa jasmine ndi gerbil. Koma ngakhale mu nthaka yamtunda kwambiri, chubushnik amamva bwino. Chinthu chachikulu ndicho kugwiritsa ntchito ngalande (miyala yosweka kapena miyala).
Garden jasmine silingalole madzi ochuluka pafupi ndi mizu. Imakhalanso yogonjetsedwa ndi chilala chanthawi. Nthaka iyenera kukhala ndi masamba, mchenga ndi humus.
Malamulo oyendetsera pansi
Tsopano kuti tidziwe malo abwino oti tipeze chubushnik m'munda wanu, timapatsa malamulo oti mubzalidwe.
- Kufika kumachitika pafupifupi kuyambira September 10 mpaka 10 Oktoba. Amaluwa ambiri akudabwa momwe angadzalemo munda wa jasmine kumapeto kwa nyengo kuti akule bwino shrub. Choyamba muyenera kuyembekezera mpaka masamba asungunuke, mwinamwake mtoliyo angafe.
- Mtunda pakati pa tchire la munda wa jasmine uyenera kukhala mamita 1.5 m. Ngati mumabzala barbie ngati mpanda, ndiye kuti mtunda ukhale wa 50-70 masentimita pakati pa dzuwa.
- Ngati mubzala pincer mu dothi, muyenera kutsanulira madzi okwanira 15 masentimita mu dzenje. Kenaka muyenera kutsanulira nthaka yosakaniza, yomwe inu ndi ine tinakambirana pamwambapa. Zimayenera kuti muzichita sabata imodzi musanafike pa chubushnik.
- Mizu iyenera kugwera pansi. Tsinde liyenera kuyang'anitsitsa, mwinamwake, ngati muiyika, pali kuthekera kwa kuvunda chubushnik. Kuyala kuyafunika kukhala pafupifupi 50 cm.
- Mutabzala, madzi ayenera kuthiriridwa mochuluka pa pincer (pa chitsamba chilichonse, 2-3 ndowa zamadzi).
- Nthaka ikatha pambuyo kuthirira, yonjezerani zitsime pamtunda wouma. Chinthu chachikulu sichidzadzaza khosi ndi mnofu wa masentimita atatu. Uwu ndiwo msinkhu waukulu womwe sungalole kuti khosi livunda.
- Patatha masiku angapo mutabzala, gwiritsani ntchito mulch pafupi ndi bwalo la mbeu (gawoli likhale pafupi 3-4 masentimita).
Kusamalira bwino Chubushnik
Kusamalira munda wa chubushnik osati zovuta. Mu gawo ili, timalingalira kuthirira moyenera ndi feteleza nthaka, komanso kudula ndi kupukuta koyenera kwa shrub.
Kuthirira ndi kuthirira nthaka
Ndikofunika kuthirira chitsamba nthawi zambiri. Ngati pincer isakwanire, masamba amayamba kufota ndi kutaya. Kokha mukamamwetsanso, kodi chomeracho chimakhalanso ndi maonekedwe abwino.
Komanso panthawi ya chubushnik yomwe ikukula yomwe imayenera kubzala mbeu katatu.
Chovala choyamba pamwamba pa chubushnika chinachitika kumayambiriro kwa masika. Kuti muchite izi, tengani feteleza "Agricola" ndi kuchepetsa 2 tbsp. 10 malita a madzi. Kusakaniza kumeneku kumathirira chitsamba chimodzi.
Chachiwiri kudyetsa kudutsa maluwa. Panthawi ino timagwiritsa ntchito feteleza, monga "Effecton". Anasudzulana mofanana ndi "Agricola".
Mukhozanso kuwonjezera fetereza zamadzimadzi "Ross". Pa chitsamba china tsopano akusowa zidebe ziwiri zodyetsa kuchepetsedwa.
Chachitatu chimachitika m'dzinja. Amalimbitsa chomera nthawi yachisanu. Ikani superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate. Kuwonjezera pa madzi okwanira 10 l kuwonjezera 1 tbsp. feteleza iliyonse.
Kuthirira ayenera tsopano kukhala chidebe chachitsulo aliyense shrub. Ngati mwadzidzidzi m'nyengo yozizira chitsamba chimakhala chisanu, musadandaule, chidzachira mwamsanga.
Nthaka, makamaka m'mimba yozungulira, iyenera kumasulidwa kambirimbiri m'chilimwe. Komanso, musaiwale za mulching m'nyengo yozizira, mpaka masentimita 4.
Kudulira ndi kupatulira zitsamba
Dziwani nthawi komanso momwe mungadulire munda wa jasmine.
Ndikoyenera kuchita izi pachaka. Chubushnik amafunika kuchotsa maluwa okonzedwa ndi kudulira mphukira zoposa zaka 12. Mukhozanso kupanga korona pamalingaliro anu.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, muyenera kudula nthambi zamphamvu, zomwe zidzakuthandizira kukula kwa mphukira za kukula. Njira zonse zimathandiza Chubushnik kukula mofulumira.
M'nyengo yozizira, kuzizira kungayambitse mphukira zazing'ono, koma ngati zidulidwa chaka chotsatira, mphukira zazing'ono zidzabwezeretsa maonekedwe a Pincer. Mu wamkulu zomera, mitengo ikuluikulu imakhuthala ndipo imawonekera. Zitsamba zoterezi ziyenera kukonzedwa.
Chakumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika, mitengo ikuluikulu imadulidwa mpaka masentimita 40. Zonse zimadulidwa pansi.
Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo kudulira, kudula zidutswa ndi munda wamaluwa.
Akuwombera kuti imakula m'dzinja, kasupe wotsatira ayenera kuchotsedwa, kusiya 3 ndondomeko pa chitsa chilichonse.
Chaka chotsatira, tchire latsopano tidzakhazikitsa kuchokera kuzinthu izi. Kwa zaka zingapo, Chubushnik idzaphulika mwamphamvu.
Kuphika kwa Chubushnik
Mu gawo ili, tidzatha kudziwa momwe tingasinthire pincer popanda kuwononga mbewu yokha.
Popeza munda wa jasmine umalekerera mosavuta kuika ndipo umabwezeretsedwa mwamsanga, uyenera kupereka gawo la masamba ndipo, mwatsoka, umataya chaka cha maluwa. Chubushnik iyenera kubzala mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa September.
Tiyenera kuyembekezera tsiku lamvula kapena lamtambo. Musanafufuze shrub, iyenera kuthiriridwa bwino ndikusiyiratu tsiku. Kenaka theka la mphukira yakale imachotsedwa pansi pazu, ndipo zina zonse zimfupikitsidwa.
Pambuyo pake, timakumba mite ndikuyendetsa ku siteti yatsopano, kuthirira madziwa ndikuyambanso nthaka. Kuti musinthe mwamsanga munda wa jasmine kumalo atsopano, mutatha kuika, tikukulangizani kuti mupitirire pang'ono panthaka pansi pa chitsamba ndi kumwa madzi ochulukirapo.
Chubushnik kuswana
Kufalitsa Chubushnik sikukhala kophweka. Ikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndi mbewu, cuttings ndi kuika, zomwe zidzakambidwe mu gawo lino.
Mbewu
Mwanjira imeneyi, mitundu ya njenjete zimafalitsa, osati zomera zomwe zimadutsa. Kufesa kwachitika m'dzinja, m'nyengo yozizira kapena masika.
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mukufesa m'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuchita izi kutentha kosachepera 10 ° C, nyengo yozizira popanda mphepo. Bzalani mchenga wosanjikiza kwa masentimita 30 ndikuphimba mbewu ndi udzu. Kuchokera pamwamba, mukhoza kusindikiza nthambi zazikulu. M'chaka cha pogona atachotsedwa ndipo pritenuyut zikumera.
Ngati mubzala m'chaka, mbewu zimabzalidwa mu greenhouses kapena greenhouses. Musanafese, zomera zam'tsogolo zimayikidwa mu thumba lachakumana ndi kumizidwa m'madzi kwa maola awiri ndi theka kutentha.
Kenaka mbewuzo zimatumizidwa ku sawdust kapena peat. Pa tsiku lachitatu, mbeu zikamera, zimasakanizidwa ndi mchenga wouma ndikufesedwa, kenako zimadetsedwa ndi humus.
Pambuyo pa mphukirayi, ayenera kukhala pritenyat.
Cuttings
Pofuna kufalitsa zipatso za Chubushnik, mukufuna kuchotsa nthambi yaing'ono kuchokera ku chitsamba chomwe mumakonda. Zidutswa zowonongeka zimayenera kutengedwa nthawi kapena maluwa.
Pa cuttings mbali nthambi ndi maluwa. Iyenera kukhala kayendedwe kofulumira kuchotsa nthambi kuchokera ku mphukira yaikulu. Iyenera kukhala mtengo wa matabwa.
Kuti muzule zidutswazo, muyenera kuthira madzi osanjikiza (mwachitsanzo, dothi lowonjezera) pansi pa mbale ndikuphimba ndi chisakanizo cha peat ndi mchenga wofanana. Tikukulangizani kuti muzisakaniza pang'ono musanayambe kusakaniza. Thirani mchenga pamwamba ndi wosanjikiza wa masentimita atatu ndikuwatsanulira ndi yankho la fungicide.
Kukonzekera kwa cuttings kumakhalanso kosavuta. Kuti muchite izi, dulani masamba ndi maluwa m'munsimu ndi kuziwombera mu Epin yankho la maola 12.
Sakanizani kagawo kuti mukhale ndi ufa kuti muthe mizu yokonzedwa. The cuttings abzalidwa mu chidebe ndi chikhalidwe cha madigiri 40.
Ndikofunikira! Mapesi otsika pansi sayenera kuloŵa mumchenga.
Mutabzala, timaphimba ndi thumba loyera kapena mtsuko wa cuttings ndikuwapititsa kumthunzi m'munda. Timakulangizani kuti mupange spray cuttings tsiku lililonse kuti rooting ikhoze kupambana bwino.
Pamene tizidulidwe tazika mizu, timabzala pamodzi ndi clod yapadziko lapansi pamalo okhazikika, kuimeta kwa nthawi yoyamba.
Kuyika
Chubushnik mosavuta amapanga cuttings omwe amachokera 70%. Pre-tchire yomwe imadulidwa kuti ikhale (kutalika kwa pafupifupi 5-7 masentimita kuchokera pansi). Izi zimakulitsa kukula kwa achinyamata mphukira.
M'chaka amakumba padziko lapansi pa chubushnik, ndiyang'ane ndi mkaka ndi kudyetsa feteleza. Pambuyo pake, kupitirira kwa impso pansi kumapangidwa ndi kutetezedwa ndi zikhomo zamatabwa. Kukoka kumafunika kuchitidwa ndi waya wofewa.
Pambuyo pokonzekera, akuwombera nthaka. Pamapeto pa nyengo yokula, zowonjezereka, cuttings, zimakula kukhala zitsamba ndi mizu yabwino.
M'mawa wotsatira, iwo amakumbidwa ndi kudulidwa ndi khungu lodulira kuchokera ku chitsamba. Kubwezeretsa kwa cuttings kuyenera kukhala mkati mwa zaka ziwiri.
Chubushnik munda wokonzedwa
Chubushnik m'makonzedwe a malo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamabwinja aakulu osadziwika monga main shrub.
Chomeracho chikuphatikizidwa bwino ndi lilac ndi hydrangea. Mukhozanso kubzala mitundu yambiri ya chubushnik, kupanga mapangidwe odabwitsa komanso masewera. Zingakhale zosiyana mu korona, kutalika ndi mawonekedwe a masamba.
Chitsanzo cha kukongola kwa malo a munda ndi chithandizo cha chubushnik:
Zothandiza za Chubushnik
Chubushnik si zokongoletsera zokongola za munda wanu, komanso zimathandiza kwambiri, zomwe zidzakambidwe mu gawo lino.
Garden jasmine imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zodzoladzola ndi mankhwala. Kununkhira kwa zomera kumakhudza kwambiri dongosolo la manjenje ndipo kumachepetsa nkhaŵa ndi mantha.
Pa mankhwala, gwiritsani ntchito maluwa, masamba, mphukira zazing'ono ndi mizu ya Chubushnik.
Mukudziwa? Kuchokera ku zingwe zoonda za madengu a Pincer weave.
Maluwa a chomera anayamba kusonkhana mu Julayi mpaka October. Izi ziyenera kuchitika nyengo yoyenera, pafupifupi 5 koloko usiku kapena usiku. Mutatha kusonkhanitsa maluwawo, amafalikira mu mthunzi wochepa kwambiri mumthunzi ndi zouma. Choncho, gawo la mafuta ndi fungo lamtengo wapatali limasungidwa.
Garden jasmine youma muvuni pa kutentha kwa 35 ° C. Pamene maluwawo ali ouma, amawapaka mu mtsuko wa galasi ndikuphimba ndi chivindikiro.
Mafuta a jasmine amawononga mankhwala ndi machiritso. Ndiponso, kutayidwa ndi kutsegula m'mimba kudzakuthandizani kuthetsa ululu.
Kuyambira jasmine maluwa akhoza kupanga mafuta kulowetsedwa. Pochita izi, ikani maluwa mu mtsuko wa galasi ndikutsanulira mafuta aliwonse a masamba ndikuphimba chivindikiro. Chingwechi chikulumikizidwa mu pepala lakuda ndikuikidwa padzuwa. Siyani izo kwa masiku 40, kugwedeza kawiri pa tsiku.
Mukudziwa? Jasmine amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati tiyiketi mu tiyi wobiriwira.
Mafuta a Jasmine samafuna ntchito ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunja kwa matendawa:
- Chonchi;
- Migraine;
- Mitambo;
- Kulemala;
- Kutonthoza kwamanjenje;
- Kutupa kwa mitsempha yambiri;
- Khungu likuwombera.
Mafuta ofunikira amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu aromatherapy. Mu zodzikongoletsera ntchito, zimabwezeretsa ubwana wa khungu ndipo zimayimba.
Tizilombo ndi matenda Chubushnika, kulimbana nawo
Kusintha, kuchepa, kupotoza ndi kugwa kwa masamba kumachitika chifukwa cha kusowa kwa madzi, kuchepa kosauka kapena kutsogolera kwa dzuŵa. Ngati muli ndi mavuto ngati amenewa, muyenera kuika chomera pamalo othuthuka ndikupopera madzi nthawi zonse.
Ngati chubushnik yathyola masamba ake ndipo safuna kuphuka, ndiye kuti chomeracho sichitha pang'ono. Ngati maluwawo amayamba mdima, imayankhula za mpweya wouma ndi wotentha.
Chubushnik imathanso kuwononga imvi pa masamba ndi mphukira ndi Septoria.
Grey kuvunda
Matendawa amayamba ndi kutentha kwakukulu komanso mvula yambiri. Grey kuvunda kumakhudza kwambiri zomera zonse.
Wothandizira causative ndi bowa wa Botrytis. Pa bowa kuoneka bulauni zofiira mawanga osasintha mawonekedwe. Amafulumira, amafuula ndi kugwa.
Kulimbana ndi matendawa ndi kophweka: muyenera kupopera chitsamba ndi madzi Bordeaux ndi kuchotsa masamba akugwa ndi matenda.
Septoria
Wothandizira matendawa - bowa Septoria. Zizindikiro za matenda - maonekedwe azing'ono kuzungulira mawanga a mdima wofiira pamwamba pa mbale ya masamba. Dera la mawangawa ndi 2-6 mm. 
Nkhumba zimakula m'magazi onse a masamba ndipo zimayambitsa masamba. Pachifukwa ichi, zomera zonse zowonongeka kwathunthu, izo zimamasula mofooka ndipo zimawonekera ku matenda ena omwe amabwera ndi bowa.
Mukhoza kumenyana nawo mofanana ndi nkhungu zakuda.
Pa tizirombo, mphuno imatha kuvutika ndi nsabwe za m'masamba, mealybugs, akangaude ndi whiteflies.
Nsabwe za m'masamba
Akuluakulu ndi mphutsi za tizilombo timadya zomera. Zotsatira zake, masambawo awonongeka - opotoka ndi opunduka. Kenaka masambawa amauma ndikumangokhala opanda chitukuko. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, nsabwe za m'masamba zimafalikira matenda a tizilombo.
Kuti muwachotse, muyenera kutsuka Karbofos kapena Rogor chitsamba.
Mealybug
Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa timadziwoneka mosavuta ndi thonje loyera ngati pachimake, ndipo amasiyana bwino ndi masamba. Makhonje amaletsa kukula kwa zomera poyamwitsa kuyamwa kwa masamba, masamba ndi mphukira zazing'ono.
Pogonjetsedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyenera kutsuka chitsamba ndi mankhwala ena: Aktara, Calypso, Konfidor kapena Confidant, ndi masiku 7-14.
Kangaude mite
Tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa amatenga mite yanu m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Musamayembekezere kuti nkhuni ikhale yobwereka ndipo muyenera kuchotsa izo mwamsanga.
Izi zimachitidwa ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi 0.3% Celtan emulsion. Zimatenga 2-3 nthawi ndi nthawi ya masiku 6-8.
Whitefly
Ngati mukukula chubushnik pamalo omwe muli kutentha ndi kutentha (mwachitsanzo, mu malo obiriwira kapena zobiriwira), muyenera kukhala okonzekeratu tsoka ngati whitefly.
Mitunduyi imabisala pansi pa masamba. Pamwamba kumtunda kumawombera mwanzeru. Izi ndizomwe zimapangitsa kuti tizilombo timene timayambira.
Pamwamba pa pepalayo imakhala yoyera kenako yakuda. Ndi bowa izi zomwe zingawononge zomera, chifukwa chifukwa cha iwo kukula kwa mphukira kumaima.
Pofuna kuchotsa whitefly, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito sopo yankho, kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo - Aktara, Konfidor, ndi zina zotero.
M'nkhaniyi tazindikira zomwe chubushnik ndizochita zomwe zimapangidwira kupanga mapangidwe. Tidalinso njira yabwino yoperekera chomera ichi ndi malamulo oti tisamalire. Chifukwa cha nkhaniyi, mudaphunzira za machiritso a munda wa jasmine ndi odwala tizilombo.
