Kukula kwamaluwa m'nyumba, mutha kukumana ndi chifukwa amawoneka oyipa ndipo asiya kukula. Ndikofunikira kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa ndikuyamba chithandizo chamankhwala pachilichonse chofunikira. Pazomera zamkati, tiziromboti monga nsabwe za m'masamba nthawi zambiri timapezeka. Kuti muthane nazo bwino, muyenera kudziwa njira zomwe zilipo, ndipo ndibwino kutsata njira zodzitetezera ndikupanga zinthu zomwe zingalepheretse kutuluka komanso kubereka kwa tizilombo.
Kufotokozera kwa nsabwe za m'masamba
Ma nsabwe ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tokhala ndi thupi lalitali ndi miyendo yayitali. Mimba yake ndiyotambalala ndipo ili ndi malekezero osaloledwa. Mtundu ukhoza kukhala wosiyana: wotumbululuka, wobiriwira, wapinki, wachikasu, wakuda. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka oyera nsabwe za m'maso. Mitundu yonse yamavuto imachitanso chimodzimodzi. Chingalawacho chimayamwa masamba a mbewuzo mwa kuboola masamba. Amamva bwino m'dera lililonse ndipo amatha kusintha bwino. Ntchito yobereka imapangidwa bwino.
Mitundu imasiyanasiyana pamtundu ndi kupezeka kwa mapiko. Mapiko - amafufuza ndikukhazikitsa malo atsopano, ndipo opanda mapiko - ochulukitsa. Mkazi aliyense amakhala ndi mphutsi pafupifupi 100, zomwe zimatha milungu iwiri itatha atakula. Nthawi zambiri zimatha kupezeka pa mphukira zazing'ono ndi masamba, ndi masamba - mkati.
Zimayambitsa nsabwe za m'masamba
Tizilomboti timatha kukhala pamaluwa amitundu yosiyanasiyana m'njira zosiyanasiyana:
- Mkazi wamapiko anawulukira pazenera lotseguka mchipindacho.
- Kupulumutsidwa ndi chiweto kapena bambo zovala. Ziphuphu zimatsatira bwino zovala za anthu komanso tsitsi la nyama.
- Anali pamtengo wopangidwa kumene, pomwe iye amasamukira ena.
- Mphutsi zinalipo posakaniza zomwe adabzala.
- Amabweretsa ndi maluwa omwe m'nthawi yotentha amayima pamsewu, pa khonde kapena loggia.
- Kukokedwa ndi nyerere zomwe zimadya zakudya zambiri zomwe zimapangidwa ndi tizilombo.
Zizindikiro zowonongeka kwa nsabwe za m'nyumba
Ndikamayang'ana maluwa pang'onopang'ono, mutha kuzindikira kuti mbewuyo ikudwala. Zosintha zakunja ziziwoneka:
- Mphukira zazing'ono zinafota ndipo zagwirana.
- Adatulutsa chinyengo.
- Kufalikira kwamdima - mafinya a soot (parasitic).
- Maluwa atsika kapena sanatsegule.
- Mawonekedwe a masamba asintha.
- Kupezeka kwa kudzikundikira kwakukulu kwa anthu kunja kwa tsamba.
- Phula limapangidwa pamtengo.
Pakadali pano, pakadalipo tizirombo tating'onoting'ono, ma punctures ang'onoang'ono komanso tizilombo tokha titha kuwoneka pamasamba. Mtsogolo, ayamba kugwa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda sitingalume, motero sizikhala pamenepo.
Ngati aphid akaukira mbewu zazing'ono, ndiye kuti imafa mwachangu. Danga lalikulu limaletsa kukula komanso kuvulaza ngakhale duwa lokhwima.
Njira zowongolera nsabwe za m'maluwa zamkati
Ngati aphid anazindikira pazoyeserera, ndiye kuti muyenera kulimbana naye nthawi yomweyo, kuti mupewe kufa kwa maluwa. Kutengera ndi kuchuluka kwa tizilombo zomwe zapezeka, imodzi mwanjira zomwe zimasankhidwa: mankhwala, azachilengedwe, chilengedwe kapena wowerengeka.
Chachikulu kwambiri ndikuwononga kwathunthu. Nthawi zambiri kulimbana kumayambira ndi njira yosavuta - makina osinthira, ndiye kuti amasinthana ndi wowerengeka azitsamba. Ngati palibe zabwino, gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala kukonzekera.
Kuti akwaniritse bwino, amasintha maluwa ndi dothi mumiphika (pakhoza kukhala mphutsi).
Njira yamakina
Ngati pali tizirombo tating'onoting'ono pazomera, ndiye kuti mutha kuzichotsa pamakina. Zigawo zonse zomwe zakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa ndikusambitsidwa ndi madzi (makamaka tsiku lililonse) mpaka majeremusi atazimiririka. Chida chothandiza ndi yankho la yankho: Sopo yamadzi ndi ochapira amaphatikizidwa muyezo wa 6: 1. Thonje limanyowa ndikupukutira mbali zonse kuti liwononge tizilombo touluka, kenako timatsukidwa mumadzi osamba ndi madzi omveka. Njirayi imabwerezedwa bwino mpaka aphid itazimiririka.
Musalole kuti malonda agwere pansi.
Muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa chilichonse kuti musaphonye malo okhala ndi tizilombo. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mowa pokonzekera. Sizibweretsa mavuto, chifukwa imasuluka mofulumira.
Njira zachilengedwe
Kutengera zachilengedwe. Ngati mbewu zakunyumba zimatengedwa kunja m'chilimwe, ndiye kuti ma aphid amatha kubzala m'munda wa adani achilengedwe: mavu, ma ladybugs, malamba. Kuti akope tizirombo tofunikira, maluwa amabzala omwe amawakopa ndi fungo lawo. Pakadali pano, chiopsezo cha tizirombo ndi chocheperako, ndipo ngati chitawonekera, ndiye kuti kuchuluka kwawo kokhala pang'ono kumakhala kochepa.
Ma aphoni sakonda fungo la geraniums ndi marigolds, kotero miphika yawo imayikidwa mu chipinda pafupi ndi maluwa odwala. Komanso salola fungo la katsabola, parsley ndi timbewu, mutha kuyika nthambi zingapo panthaka pafupi ndi thunthu la mbewu.
Zithandizo za anthu
Kopa chidwi chawo ndi chilengedwe. Kuchulukitsa kwakukulu kumatha kuchitika koyambirira, pomwe pali tizirombo zochepa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maphikidwe achikhalidwe amadziwika.
Zosakaniza | Kulandila ndalama | Kugwiritsa |
| Fodya | Phatikizani ndi madzi 2: 1 ndikusakaniza. Kuumirira masiku 2, zosefera ndi kuchepetsa 1: 1. | Ndikofunika kubisa nthaka kuti isavulaze mizu. |
| Garlic | 30 g ya lobules ndi nthaka pamodzi ndi peel. Onjezerani madzi okwanira 1 litre ndikuumirira m'malo amdima kwa tsiku limodzi. | Musanagwiritse ntchito, sopo ya grated imawonjezeredwa. Pafupipafupi: Nthawi 2-3 pambuyo masiku 5. |
| Ngale ya Ndimu (Orange) | 100 g ankawaviika ndikuumirira masiku atatu pamalo otentha. | Utsi. |
| Tsabola wofiyira | 50 g imaphatikizidwa ndi 100 ml ya madzi, yophika kwa mphindi 60, yatsala tsiku limodzi, kenako kusefa. | Gwiritsani ntchito njira yovomerezeka: 10 ml pa 10 l yamadzi. |
| Phulusa | 500 ml, 50 g wa sopo (amadzimadzi kapena pansi) ndi 10 l amadzi. | Sefa ndi kukonza. |
| White mpiru | 10 g pa 1 lita Siyani kwa masiku awiri. | Zosefera ndi kuchepetsa (ndi kuchuluka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba sizofunikira). |
| Singano | 0,4-0,5 kg ndi malita awiri a madzi. Kuumirira kwa sabata limodzi. | Kugawidwa chiŵerengero cha 1: 7. Anawaza kangapo ndi masiku 3-4. |
| Celandine | 350 g atsopano (150 g owuma) ndi 1 lita. Onetsetsani kuti mukupera. Ikani mumdima tsiku limodzi. | Kukonzedwa katatu. |
| Ma nsonga a tomato | 0,5 makilogalamu osankhidwa, kutsanulira 1 lita. Wiritsani kwa mphindi 30. Amazizirira pakakhala kuwala. | 3-4 mg wa sopo wamadzimadzi amawonjezedwa musanagwiritse ntchito. |
| Amoni | Supuni ziwiri, zotsekemera kapena sopo wamadzi - 10 ml pa 10 l ndizosakaniza bwino. | Utsi. |
| Soda yophika | 75 g pa 10 malita | Utsi. Ngati sichithandiza, ndiye kuti sichingavulaze kwambiri. |
| Furatsilin | Mapiritsi 2 ophwanyika mu lita imodzi yamadzi otentha. Zabwino. | Akukonzekera. |
Mankhwala
Mankhwala owopsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika kumaopseza nyama komanso anthu. Muyenera kutsatira malangizowo, osachulukitsa mlingo wanuwo ndikutsatira chitetezo. Ndikofunikira kusamalira bwino maluwa onse: athanzi ndi odwala. Simungaphonye tsamba lililonse, kuti munthu wamkulu kapena mphutsi zake zisasungidwe komweko. Mankhwala omwe agwiritsidwa ntchito ayenera kusinthidwa, chifukwa tizilombo timakonda kuzizolowera msanga komanso kusafa chifukwa cha zomwe zimapangitsa.
Mankhwala ofala kwambiri:
- Aktara: chida chofunikira kwambiri, chimayambitsa ziwengo za tizilombo. Imapangitsa chomera chonse kukhala chiphe. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupewa.
- Fitoverm: otetezeka ndipo safunikira ntchito zakunja. Imfa imachitika tsiku lachitatu, mu sabata - lonse.
- Actellik: amalimbikitsa matenda oopsa, ochitidwa m'malo opumira bwino kapena kunja. Zoopsa Lemberani ngati chomaliza.
- Neoron: ali ndi chitetezo.
- Tanrek: Tizilombo timafa patsiku la 3.
- Biotlin: imateteza kwa masabata atatu.
Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene wowerengeka komanso achilengedwe samathandiza.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala pano amalangiza: njira zopewetsa kuwonongeka kwa nsapato za m'nyumba
Mlimi aliyense amadziwa kuti ndikosavuta kupewa kupatula kuchotsa tizirombo ndi kuchiza matenda omwe akudwala.
Ndi bwino kuchita zingapo zodzitetezera kupewa matenda a nsabwe za m'masamba:
- Maluwa omwe agulidwa kumene ayenera kukhala kwa kanthawi. Onetsetsani kuti mukugwiritsa ntchito bafa lotentha.
- Nthaka isanabzalidwe imasungidwa mwachidule kuzizira (mufiriji). Mutha kusangalatsa mu microwave kapena calcine mu uvuni.
- Chitani kafukufuku mwadongosolo.
- Patsani mwayi mpweya wabwino.
- Limbani nthawi ndi nthawi. Nthawi zina muzikasamba.
- Pewani mawonekedwe a nyerere. Ngati awonekera, ndiye kuti muwalimbikire.
- Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala azitsamba.
