Kuthira manyowa ndi kuthirira kwa zoweta ndizofunikira njira zomwe zimawathandiza kudyetsa michere ndi michere yofunika. Njira zopewera zimathandizira kukula, zimakhudza bwino maluwa ndi kukana kutentha kwambiri. Kukhalapo kwa chomera mu sing'anga yachilengedwe kumadalira kusankha koyenera feteleza. Kuti mudziwe momwe mungathiritsire maluwa amkati kuti muchotse mwachangu komanso maluwa ambiri, muyenera kuzolowera nthawi yake.
Pamafunika kudyetsa ndi kuthirira mbewu zamkati
Zomera za mbewu zamasamba ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi ya masamba. Pakadali pano, pali kuwonjezeka kwa mizu ndi inflorescence. Maluwa ambiri am'nyumba amakhala odyetsedwa mwachangu ndi madzi kumapeto kwa chirimwe ndi chilimwe. Komabe, pali mbewu zina zomwe zimafuna feteleza wa chaka chonse. Amakula mchaka chonsechi ndipo pachimake pa nthawi yotentha komanso nthawi yozizira.
Zomera za maluwa akunyumba
Masika ndi nthawi yotentha - nthawi yovala zovala zapamwamba komanso kuthirira mbewu zonse zapakhomo. Kuyamba kwa njira za Wellness kugwera mu Marichi, kutha kwa kudya - koyambirira kapena pakati pa Seputembala. Ndi njira yophukira ndi yozizira, zinthu zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Ngati mbewu idasiya maluwa ndikuletsa kukula, ndiye kuti zakudya zofunikira kwambiri sizofunikira. Kukula kumachepetsedwa ndipo inflorescence imasungidwa, feteleza ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse kukufunika.
Mitundu ya feteleza
Zovala zonse zapamwamba za mbewu zapanyumba zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: mchere ndi organic. Iliyonse ya iwo imagwiritsidwa ntchito muyezo winawake komanso nthawi yoyikidwa.
Zachuma
Zophatikiza michere zimapatsidwa macrocell ambiri pakuphatikizidwa. Izi zikuphatikiza:
- nayitrogeni
- chitsulo
- manganese;
- sulufule.
Izi zimalimbitsa mizu ya mbewu zakunyumba, zimapereka kukula kwathunthu komanso chitetezo chokwanira. Maminolo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachangu nthawi yakula, ndiye kuti, kuyambira kasupe mpaka koyambilira. Akatswiri amalangiza kuti agule feteleza wapadziko lonse yemwe amakhala ndi zinthu zingapo, mwachitsanzo, magnesium, potaziyamu ndi nayitrogeni nthawi imodzi.
Zofunika! Ndikwabwino kugula zinthu popanda chlorine ndi nitrate munyama. Kuti muchite izi, yang'anirani ma phukusi ndikuyang'ana momwe mungalowe.
Zophatikiza michere ya mbewu zapakhomo
Zamoyo
Zinthu zachilengedwe zimakhala ndi phindu pa dothi, zimapangitsa kuti zisamasuke ndikukhala ndi zinthu zofunikira. Izi zimathandizira kuperekera mpweya ndi madzi mwachangu kumizu. Njira imeneyi imathandizira kuti mbewu zikule bwino komanso mwachangu. Feteleza feteleza amadzaza dziko lapansi ndi nayitrogeni, yemwe amachititsa kuti machulukidwe obiriwira ambiri.
Zambiri! Nthawi zambiri, zopangidwa kuchokera ku zinthu zachilengedwe zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zinyalala za anthu.
Zamoyo ndizoyenera bwino pokonza mbewu zomwe zimakula mwachangu, monga zipatso za malalanje, mitengo ya kanjedza, amabala. Musanagwiritse ntchito, gwiritsani ntchito njira yofufuzira. Kuti muchite izi, malonda ake amawotchera moto ndikusiyidwa milungu itatu pamalo abwino.
Kodi ndizotheka kuthirira maluwa a potaziyamu permanganate - nkhani yomwe ingakhudzidwe kwambiri ndi wamaluwa. Masiku ano, njira zoterezi sizikulimbikitsidwa. Kusankha kwamakono kwa othandizira a prophylactic kumapereka feteleza zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimaphatikizapo manganese. Amasiyana mu mawonekedwe ochepetsetsa komanso zochitika zingapo. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chinthu choyera, ndikofunikira kukumbukira malamulo pokonzekera yankho. Malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito moyenera potaziyamu permanganate pazomera zamkati:
- 1 tbsp. sungunulani ndi spoonful wa malonda mu madzi okwanira 1 litre.
- Tsitsani yankho ndikusiya kwa theka la ola.
- Sinthani nthaka ndi madzi ake.
Chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimadziwika kwambiri ndi zinyalala za nkhuku. Momwe mungathiritsire zitosi za nkhuku:
- Thirani katunduyo mumtsuko ndikuumirira milungu itatu.
- Sakanizani manyowa ndi madzi pang'ono ndikuphatikiza dothi ndi maluwa.
Zotsatira zake ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochepa.
Mitundu ya mankhwala
Malinga ndi zigawo zawo zopangira, zovala zapamwamba zimagawidwa m'mitundu ingapo: zamchere, acid komanso kusalowerera. Iliyonse ndi yabwino pamtunda wa dothi linalake.
Mchere
Zinthu zopangidwa ndi alkaline zimakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya michere ndi macronutrients. Zimalandiridwa bwino ndi mbeu ndipo zimasungunuka mwachangu m'madzi. Zithandizo zodziwika bwino ndizitrabor ndi nitrate. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ikukula kwambiri munthawi yakula, kudyetsa mizu, ndikukhonzanso chitetezo cha mbewu zakunyumba. Zotsatira za zamchere:
- yambitsa kukula kwa mizu;
- Sinthani chitukuko cha nembanemba;
- kukhazikitsa metabolism;
- kuwonjezera kukana kwa zovuta;
- imathandizira njira yamaluwa ndi zipatso;
- kusintha nthaka.
Alkaline amatanthauza maluwa
Zofunika! Alkaline othandizira amaletsa kufa kwa cell ndi kukula kwa kukula.
Zowawa
Zinthu zofunikira za umuna zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga dothi lokhala ndi acidity yochepa. Izi zikuphatikiza zotsatirazi:
- ammonium chloride;
- urea
- ammonium nitrate;
- superphosphate.
Acidic wothandizila ndiwowoneka bwino. Amalowa mu dothi mwachangu, kulemeretsa ndi zinthu zofunika ndikuthandizira kukula kwa mbande. Acid feteleza sanakayikirepo phindu - moyo wautalifufu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama, zomwe zimatha kupulumutsa bajeti.
Osati wandale
Zovala zapamwamba zotere zili ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu za 1-2 ndipo ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zambiri. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ammonia kapena nayitrogeni. Amapereka chinyontho mwachangu muzu wa mbewu, manyowa nthaka ndi michere yofunikira, imathandizira kukula kwa mbewu ndikulimbitsa chitetezo chawo.
Tcherani khutu! Zinthu zopanda ndale zimalimbikitsidwa kuti ziyambitsidwe mbewuyo isanafike - koyambirira kwamasika. M'dzinja, ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito.
Mitundu ya fomu yotulutsira
Zonse feteleza zimapezeka m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi mawonekedwe ndi ntchito zake.
Zamadzimadzi
Zinthu zamadzimadzi ndizodziwika kwambiri pochiza mbewu zakunyumba. Amawonetsedwa ngati njira yothetsera vuto lalikulu, lokhala ndi zakudya komanso michere. Komabe, kukonzekera kotereku kumakhala kokhazikika, chifukwa chake, amafunika kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi oyera.
Kukonzekera kwamadzimadzi ndi organic komanso mchere: zakale zimapangidwa kuchokera ku zinyalala zachilengedwe, zomalizazi zimakonzedwa pamaziko a zinthu zachilengedwe. Mayankho a organic amakhudza kwambiri mizu yazomera, koma pali zovuta - fungo losasangalatsa.
Ma gels amamineral ndizolondola komanso zachangu. Amapangidwira mitundu yina ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'maphunziro. Maluwa onse amkati amamwe nthawi yomweyo, ndipo zotsatira zabwino zimawonedwa kwa masiku atatu.
Zofunika! Kukonzekera kwazakang'ono kuli ndi zovuta zake - kuthekera kwa bongo ndi kutentha kwa mizu.
Granular
Z feteleza zoterezi ndizofala pokonzanso mbewu zamasamba m'mundamo ndi maluwa.
Ntchito Zamakonzedwe A Granular
Chogulitsacho palokha chipewa, chimapezeka ndi chinyezi chachikulu. Zogulitsa zamakola ndizokhazikika kwambiri, motero zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi 1-2 pachaka: pamene mbewu ziyenera kuphuka nthawi yachisanu. Njira yothetsera vutoli imafalikira padziko lapansi kotero kuti imazungulira tsinde la mbewuyo.
Mwanjira yamapuleti (mapiritsi)
Kukonzekera kwa soluble kumagulitsa ngati mapiritsi kapena mbale. Amafunika kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi kuti akonzedwe. Zogulitsa zimakhala ndizolimbitsa thupi, ndichifukwa chake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala. Ubwino wamtunduwu wamasulidwe ndikuti kulibe kuchuluka kwazinthu zambiri za umuna, zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi theka la unyinji wake. Mapiritsi amagwiritsidwa ntchito nyengo yokulira isanakwane. Pakupopera, mlingo woyenera uyenera kuonedwa kuti musatenthe mizu. Nthawi zambiri gwiritsani ntchito piritsi limodzi la yankho pa 1 lita imodzi yamadzi.
Zithandizo za anthu a kuthambo ndi kuthilira
Kuphatikiza maluwa ndi mitengo yokhala ndi mankhwala wowerengeka amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri munthawi ya masamba. Ndalama zotere zimakhala ndi maubwino - kuchepetsedwa ndende komanso mawonekedwe abwino. Njira zakugwiritsira ntchito zikufotokozedwa pansipa.
Anyezi peel
Peyala ya anyezi imakhala ndi zokwanira zofunikira zomanga thupi komanso michere, chifukwa chake, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokongoletsa maluwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ili ndi kusasunthika, komwe kumakhala ndi njira zopewera matenda ambiri. Anyezi husk pokonzekera maluwa mkati imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kulowetsedwa, komwe kumakhala kwa maola angapo.
Zofunika! Musana feteleza, ndikofunikira kupenda anyezi kuti mukhale ndi mtima wosagawanika. Zidutswa zowola zitha kukhala ndi mabakiteriya oyipa omwe angawononge maluwa apanyumba.
Iodini
Pazinthu zochepa, ayodini ali ndi phindu pa kukula kwa mbeu. Imayendetsa mankhwala a potaziyamu padziko lapansi.
Iodini pazomera zapakhomo
Mwanjira yake yoyenera, ayodini amaletsedwa, izi zimatha kuwotcha mizu ya mbewu. Pakakonzedwa, dontho la chinthu liyenera kusungunuka mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. The chifukwa njira tikulimbikitsidwa kuthirira maluwa kwambiri maluwa. Lamulo lalikulu ndikuti malonda sayenera kugwera pamasamba ndi maluwa.
Succinic acid
Succinic acid itha kugulidwa ku malo aliwonse ogulitsa kapena ku pharmacy. Izi ndizophatikiza chakudya ndipo zimapangidwa ndikuwonjezera mafuta. Chochita chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yachisanu komanso masika ngati prophylactic yomwe imalimbitsa kukula kwa mbewu zapakhomo. Kuphatikiza apo, asidi wothandizirana amathandizira kudzaza dothi ndi zinthu zabwino zomwe zingakhudze maluwa. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mbande.
Succinic acid imadziwitsidwa motere: 1 piritsi 1 lita imodzi ya madzi oyera. Zotsatira zake zimatha kuwaza pamitengo ndi mphukira za zomera kapena kupangira dothi.
Zambiri! Nthawi zambiri, feteleza wa amber amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zipatso za zipatso, hawteria, sitiroberi, arrowroot. Njira zochizira matenda zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati cacti.
Madzi a Aquarium
Chifukwa cha nsomba zomwe zili m'madzimo, madzi amalemera ndi mabakiteriya abwino, omwe amakhudza moyo wa okhalamo. Izi ndizovomerezeka pazikhalidwe zambiri zapakhomo.
Zofunika! Madzi a Aquarium amasintha nthaka yabwino, imathandizira kuthana ndi zinthu zingapo zothandiza mmenemo. Ndibwinonso ngati michere ya mizu, imathandizira kukula kwa inflorescence.
Sichofunikira pakukulitsa nthaka ndi mawonekedwe ake. Kuti zikule bwino, ndikokwanira kudyetsa mbewuzo kawiri pachaka: nthawi yakula komanso nthawi yophukira. Madzi a Aquarium amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira pansi.
Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide imagwira ntchito pazomera nthawi ya maluwa: imapha mabakiteriya oyipa, imathandizira kukula ndipo imalepheretsa kuwoneka kwamatenda ambiri. Peroxide imadziwika kuti ndi chida chabwino kwambiri chodzitetezera kuchizira nyengo yachisanu. Momwe mungathiritsire maluwa ndi zomera zamkati ndi hydrogen peroxide:
- Pazinthuzi, sungunulani 2 tbsp mu madzi okwanira 1 litre. supuni ya peroxide.
- Kenako, thirirani nthaka ya zomera. Bwerezani masiku 10.
Ndondomeko ziyenera kuchitika tsiku lililonse.
Salpeter
Nitrate imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino musanayambe maluwa mbewu zakunyumba. Imalemeretsa nthaka ndi zinthu zofunika komanso imalimbitsa mizu yazomera.
Saltpeter wamaluwa
Nitrate imateteza maluwa ku nyumba ku chilala, ndipo ma pathologies ambiri atulutsa maluwa. Pakudyetsa gwiritsani ntchito uzitsine wa mankhwala osungunuka mu 1.5 malita a madzi. Chifukwa yothetsera kuthirira zimayambira, masamba, dothi.
Kuthira manyowa ndi kuthirira mbewu zamkati ndi njira zochepetsera zomwe zimatsimikizira kukula kwabwino. Njira zoyenera zimafunikira kuti nthaka ikhale bwino ndikulimbitsa mizu ya mbewu zakunyumba.
