Astra osatha - zitsamba

Mlimi aliyense amayesa kukongoletsa chiwembu chake ndi bedi lamaluwa yaying'ono. Zimakhala zosangalatsa kwambiri ngati maluwa atawonedwa nyengo yonse yachilimwe. Palennial Astra idzapatsa zokongola kwa onse oyamba kumene ndi katswiri wa ntchito zamaluwa.

Kufotokozera kwa Asters osatha

Astra ndi mbewu yomwe anthu ambiri amawakonda. Nthenga za udzu wokhazikika ndi masamba owonda. Kutalika kwa tsinde kumayambira 30 cm mpaka mamita 2. Leaflets ndi green color. Ndi ang'ono, lanceolate. Inflorescence ndi dengu yaying'ono. Maonekedwe, ali ofanana kwambiri ndi nyenyezi zowala zazing'ono. Amabwera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• zoyera
• buluu;
• wofiirira
• pinki;
• rasipiberi.

Astra osatha

Ndi banja liti

Wosinthika wazakuya anachokera ku banja Asteraceae kapena Astrovidae. Pazonse, mitundu yoposa 200 imadziwika. Achibale apafupi kwambiri a aster osatha amawonedwa ngati Chitchaina ndi calli-stefus.

Mwachidule za mbiri yakuwonekera

Mbiriyakale yakuchokera kwa duwa lino yapitirira zaka masauzande angapo. Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa maluwa kumapezeka m'mabuku akale achi Greek. Uko kunali ku Greece komwe duwa lake linatchedwa dzina. "Asteros" m'Chigiriki amatanthauza "nyenyezi". Astra anali chizindikiro cha Aphrodite - mulungu wachikondi. M'zaka za zana la 16, botanists adayamba kukula duwa, ndipo wasayansi A. Cassini adatenga aster kupita ku genus yokhayo m'zaka za zana la 19.

Kufotokozera zamitundu yamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Asters

Chiwerengero chachikulu cha minda yosakhazikika m'madzi chimadziwika.

Bush

Tchire lofanizira ili limakula ndi masentimita 60. Nthawi yakucha nthanga ndi Okutobala. Bush aster sikhala chisanu. Komabe, patadutsa zaka zingapo, kuphulika kochepa komwe kumapangidwa pamwamba pamtunda kuchokera kumiphukira yatsopano, asters osatha amatha kuzizira nthawi yozizira.

Chotsikitsidwa

Chitsamba sichidutsa masentimita 40. Nsonga za asterized osnikas wokongoletsedwa amakongoletsedwa ndi nyenyezi zazing'ono zambiri. Pawiri, nthawi zambiri amakhala mpaka 3-3.5 masentimita. Nthawi yamaluwa ndi Seputembara. Poyerekeza ndi masamba obera maluwa, maluwa owoneka bwino oterewa amawoneka bwino mu chirimwe.

Bush aster

Yophukira

Nthawi ya maluwa ndi Seputembara-Okutobala. Ku Russia, ma aster a autumn nthawi zambiri amatchedwa septepts. Komabe, pazaka zina zozizira, ngakhale eni ake omwe amasamala kwambiri sangathe kuwona maluwa a mbewu. Aspenni wa nyundo yophukira amatha kutalika kwa 30 cm kapena 1 m.

Zima

Ili ndiye mtundu wolimba kwambiri wa asters osatha. Ma inflorescence amakhala chisanu choyamba. Amadziwikanso kuti Octobrins. Palinso vuto ndi ma asters a dzinja, komanso ma aster a autumn - nthawi zina alibe nthawi yosungunula masamba.

Zozungulira

Mtunduwu udatchedwa ndi dzina chifukwa cha chitsamba choyenera. Kutalika kwapakati pa aster otambalala ndi masentimita 50. Maluwa ndi ochepa, koma alipo ambiri, omwe amachititsa kununkhira kwa mpira nthawi yamaluwa.

Spherical aster

Alpine

Maluwa amtunduwu amalimbana ndi chisanu. Mutabzala, maluwa oyamba amawonekera chaka chamawa kuyambira kumapeto kwa Meyi mpaka pakati pa Juni. Izi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya aster. Kutalika sikudutsa 25 cm, ndipo duwa lomwe limaphuka limakula mpaka 8 cm.

Waku Austrian

Mtunduwu kutalika kwake umafika pa 80 mpaka 1.5 mamita. Nthawi yamaluwa okongola ku Austria ndi Seputembara. Zimalimbana ndi chisanu. Maluwa ali ngati daisies, 6 cm mulifupi.

Chitaliyana

Mabasi a ku Italy osatha aster ozungulira mawonekedwe. Amakula ndi masentimita 60. Nthawi yamaluwa amtunduwu ndi pakati pa chilimwe, monga Julayi ndi August. Katsamba kakang'ono kamakhala ngati maluwa ndi maluwa ofanana ndi daisies. Kusiyana kokha ndi mtundu wofiirira wakuda. Amasonkhana mumiyendo yolimba. Danga lililonse la maluwa silidutsa masentimita 5. Pakati pa ma aster aku Italy kuli mitundu yambiri. Pankhaniyi, ndikufuna kulipira mwapadera kwa Bessarabian. Woimira wamkulu kwambiri pamtunduwu. Kutalika kwake kumafika masentimita 75-80. Mtundu wa ma petals ndi wofiirira wowala komanso wotuwa wapinki. Pakatikati ndi zofiirira.

Chingerezi

Mtunduwu umasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa owonda komanso owala. Ma inflorescence ndi amtambo, Marsal, nsomba, zoyera, zofiirira, zamtambo, zapinki. Aster a Chingerezi amafika kutalika kwa 2 metres. Chifukwa chake, wamaluwa amakonda mtundu uwu kwa mwayi wokongoletsa phazi lamitengo yamaluwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi masentimita atatu.

Zina

Buluzi wagolide adzakondwera mwezi watha wachilimwe ndi maluwa ake owoneka bwino ngati ma cones. Pa mphukira zazitali komanso zolimba, masamba 10 mpaka 20 amakula.

Bokotsvetnaya amayenera kusamalidwa mwapadera. Mphukira zake zimamera ngati mtengo. Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zokhala ndi mthunzi wa pinki. Pakutha maluwa, amakhala ofiirira.

Aster waku America adzakondweretsa mwini wake ndi maluwa ambiri, omwe amakhala nthawi yonse yotentha.

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri

Nyenyezi ya Aster dumosus

Starra shrubby Starlight (nyenyezi) ndi chomera chotsika. Ma inflorescence ake amakula m'mimba mwake mpaka 4 masentimita a mtundu wowala wa pinki. Msodzi wachikulire wosachedwa kuphuka amafanana ndi mpira kutalika kwa 40 cm. Maluwa ndi ochulukirachulukira ndipo amatha kuyambira Seputembu mpaka woyamba kugwa.

Aster dumosus kristina

Aster dumosus kristina pilo-yoyera-yoyera yoyera ndi pachikasu chowala. Duwa lakale limakula masentimita 30 mpaka 40. Limaphukira mu Ogasiti-Seputembala.

Zina

Belgian Watsopano: Bitchwood Rywell (magenta), Dick Bayllard (pinki), Saturn (kumwamba buluu), Amethyst (wofiirira), Oktoberfest (terry bluu aster).

Chingerezi: Lillit Fardel (pinki), Dr. Eckerner (red-violet), Brown (lilac), Rote Stern (burgundy).

Alpine asters: Dunkle Sean, Alba, Ruper, Gloria. Mitundu yosakhazikika bwino imakongoletsa bwino malo am'malire ndi maluwa yaying'ono.

Kodi Asters osatha bwanji amaberekana

Maluwa awa samafalitsidwa nthawi zambiri ndi mbewu.

Kugawanitsa

Pofalitsa mwanjira iyi, tikulimbikitsidwa kudikirira nthawi yomwe duwa limakula 3-5 cm kuchokera pansi. Kenako, chitsamba chimagawidwa m'magawo ang'onoang'ono ndi masamba atatu ndikubzala. Chaka chotsatira, Delenki imapanga chomera chodzala. Kugawa kumachitika bwino kwambiri pakatha zaka 3-4. Izi zimathandizira kukonzanso kwa mizu, komanso zimalepheretsa kukula kwa bowa.

Kugawanitsa

Kudula

Pofalitsa motere, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito pamwamba komanso tsinde lonse. Kuti mupeze mizu, tikulimbikitsidwa kusankha madera okhala ndi dothi lotetezeka. Zidulidwa zimazika pansi ndikuphimbidwa ndi filimu. Palibe malire okhwima a nthawi. Ndondomeko itha kuchitika nthawi yonse ya chilimwe.

Kudula

Mawonekedwe a chisamaliro chakunyumba

Astra ndi chomera pamsewu. Komabe, mbande zake zitha kupezeka m'nyumba za alimi odziwa ntchito. Kuti mukule chomera cholimba komanso chathanzi, muyenera kutsatira kwambiri zoyambitsa.

Kutentha

Kuti mukule mwachangu ndikukula kwa mbande, ndikulimbikitsidwa kusunga kutentha kwa madigiri 15-16. Pamene mphukira zoyambirira zikuwonekera masamba 3-4, kutentha kumatha kuchepetsedwa mpaka madigiri 12-15.

Kuwala

Astra amakonda kusuntha mu kutentha kwa dzuwa. Mbande zikulimbikitsidwa kuti ziyikidwe pawindo la dzuwa. Ngati izi sizingatheke, ndikofunikira kuti muyike magetsi pafupi. Omwe alimi ambiri amayika zotengera mbande mu wowonjezera kutentha kwa kanthawi. Izi zimawathandiza kuti azitha nthawi yambiri padzuwa, komanso zimathandizanso ngati kuphukira kwa masamba.

Kuthirira

Kutsirira kuyenera kukhala kochulukirapo, koma chosowa. Mukanyowetsa nthaka iliyonse, ndikofunikira kuti muimasule. Izi zitha kupewa kuthana ndi nthaka m'nthaka. Musalole kuti dothi lifunde kwambiri.

Kuwaza

Kumwaza ndi gawo lofunikira pakukula kwamaluwa athanzi. Sabata yoyamba itayamba kuphukira, dothi limapukutidwa ndi utsi kamodzi patsiku. Sabata yachiwiri - 1 nthawi m'masiku awiri. Mu sabata lachitatu, mutha kuyamba kuthirira kwathunthu kawiri pa sabata, pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa kuchuluka, koma kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa madzimadzi.

Chinyezi

Chinyontho chomwe chimalimbikitsa mpweya m'chipinda chomwe asters amakula sichiyenera kugwera pansi 65%. Mtengo wokwanira ndi 80%.

Dothi

Astra - duwa lomwe limakonda nthaka yabwino. Izi ndichifukwa choti dothi lakale limatha kukhala ndi gwero la matenda osiyanasiyana komanso tizirombo. Kusakaniza koyenera kwa maluwa: mchenga, tambo, peat. Zigawozi zimaphatikizidwa muyezo wa 1: 3: 1. Ndikofunikira kupatula zikuluzikulu zonse m'nthaka.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Kuti mukule maluwa olimba m'malo otsekedwa, muyenera kuganizira za umuna. Kudyetsa koyamba kumalimbikitsidwa patatha masabata awiri mutabzala mbewu. Ndi munthawi imeneyi pomwe mizu ikukula bwino. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, tikulimbikitsidwa kusakaniza feteleza wa potaziyamu ndi phosphate, pomwe gawo liyenera kukhala lowirikiza kawiri kuposa momwe limafotokozera. Ndikofunikira kuyika kuvala pamwamba pamtunda mwachindunji. Ikayamba masamba ang'onoang'ono, kuwotcha kumatha kuchitika.

Kodi limamasuka liti komanso motani

Masiku ano, akatswiri a zachilengedwe amadziwa mitundu yambiri ya mitundu, mitundu ndi mitundu ya maluwa okongola amtunduwu.

Mitundu ya maluwa

Banja la asters limaphatikizapo mitundu yambiri ya maluwa. Kusankha chomera choyenera kukhazikitsa inayake kapena kama wamaluwa sikudzakhala vuto. Masiku ano, pali mitundu ingapo yayikulu komanso yotchuka kwambiri:

• nthenga za nthiwatiwa;
• nsapato;
• maluwa;
• Victoria

Maonekedwe a maluwa

Asters amagawidwa m'magulu angapo kutengera mawonekedwe awo.

Kukula kwake:

• ang'ono - mpaka 3.5-4 cm;
• sing'anga - kuchokera 4 mpaka 8 cm;
• chachikulu - kuchokera 8 cm.

Mafomu a Inflorescence

Mwanjira ya inflorescences:

• lathyathyathya;
• wozungulira lathyathyathya;
• hemispatical;
• ozungulira;
• theka -awiri;
• terry.

Nthawi ya maluwa

Asters wamba amagawika magawo atatu a maluwa. Choyamba ndi masika. Limamasula kuyambira Meyi mpaka June. Lotsatira pakubwera chilimwe. Amaphukira kuyambira mwezi wa June mpaka August. Mwina ili ndi gulu lalitali kwambiri la maluwa. Yabwino kusambira kuyambira kumapeto kwa Ogasiti mpaka chisanu woyamba.

Zosintha pakusamalira maluwa

Panthawi ya kuphukira, aster amadyezedwanso kachiwiri. Kuti muchite izi, konzekerani 50 gr. zosakaniza phosphate ndi potaziyamu iliyonse 1 m2 ya chiwembu. Asanayambe maluwa, asters amadya kachitatu. Kapangidwe ka kadyedwe kazikhala komweko. Maluwa atayamba maluwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muchepetse kuthirira pang'ono. Asters amakonda kwambiri chinyezi chochulukirapo, koma osasefukira nthaka yambiri. Pafupipafupi madzi othirira amalimbikitsidwa kuti akhazikike palokha, kutengera nthawi yakuuma kwathunthu dothi pafupi ndi mizu.

Ikani pambuyo pogula komanso pakubala

Kuika mbande panthaka ndikulimbikitsidwa kumayambiriro kwa Meyi. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kumasula nthaka pambuyo kuthirira kapena mvula iliyonse. Izi zimathandizira kuchepetsa mizu ndikuziteteza ku zowola.

Ngati nthawi yodzala mbande yakusowa, ndiye kuti mutha kusintha njira zodulira, zomwe zitha kuchitidwa nthawi yonse yotentha.

Mavuto omwe angakhalepo pakukula

Mlimi yemwe amakhala tcheru nthawi yomweyo amawona kusintha kwa maluwa omwe amawakonda.

Mavuto a masamba

Ngati masamba ayamba kutuluka chikasu, kutembenukira bulawuni, kupindika ndi kupukuta, izi zimapangitsa chisamaliro chosayenera kapena kukula kwa matendawa.

Choyamba, muyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti duwa silouma kwambiri. Mutha kuyesa kusintha chinyezi. Ngati zingwe zakuda zazitali zimawonjezeredwa pazinthu izi, ndiye izi zikuwonetsa kukulitsa kwa fusarium. Matendawa amawonekera ngati dothi lanyowa kwambiri, ndipo madzi osunthika amawonedwa mu mizu. Kupulumutsa mbewu pankhaniyi ndizosatheka.

Maonekedwe a mawanga akuwonetseranso kukula kwa vuto lakachedwa. Kuti muthane ndi matendawa, ndikofunikira kudula madera onse okhudzidwa ndikuwaza ndi makala ophatikizidwa

Tizilombo

Aphid, thrips ndi cicadas ndi tizirombo tambiri tating'onoting'ono. Amayamwa msuzi pachomera ndipo amanyamula matenda. Pofuna kupewa kuwoneka komanso kubereka kwa tizilombo, ndikofunikira kuthana ndi maluwawa ndi yankho la Fitoverm kapena mankhwala ena.

Wotchetcha khutu amatha kudulira osati masamba okha, komanso zimayambira ndi masamba. Pothamangitsa tizilombo, muyenera kuchotsa udzu ndi kumasula dothi nthawi zonse.

Matenda

Matenda a Mose amadziwonetsera okha ngati mitsempha yachikaso pamapepala. Zitatha izi, chlorosis amakula, ndipo chomera chikuleka. Kuti muthane ndi matendawa, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchitira chitsamba ndi Actelik kapena Peritrum.

Rust of asters ndi bowa yemwe malo achilengedwe ndi singano za paini. Matendawa amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a kutuphuka pamunsi pamasamba. Amadzazidwa ndi zotupa. Mankhwalawa pogwiritsa ntchito 1% yankho la Bordeaux fluid. Kufufuza kumachitika pambuyo masiku 10. Ngati matendawa apezeka mochedwa, ndiye kuti chitsamba sichitha kupulumutsa.

Zizindikiro zosamalidwa bwino

Astra, ngakhale mbewu yosasunthika, imauza mwiniwake za chisamaliro chosayenera. Choyamba, masamba a chomera amawonetsera izi. Amatha kuzimiririka kapena kusintha mtundu wawo. Ngati simutenga nthawi yake, ndiye kuti chisamaliro cholakwika chimakhudza maluwa. Ma inflorescences adzakhala ochepa komanso otumbululuka. Kuphatikiza apo, chomeracho chidzakhala ndi maluwa ochepa.

Astra

Mitundu yambiri ya asters yaperekedwa. Musanagule mitundu inayake, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzolowere kufotokozera maluwa mwatsatanetsatane. Mfundo ndi malamulo nthawi zina sangakhale oyenera pozizira. Ngati bedi la maluwa limasinthidwa pafupipafupi, ndiye kuti tikulimbikitsidwa kuti musamale ndi mitundu ya pachaka.