Rosa El Toro - ndi mitundu yamtundu wanji

Wokonda mawu ku Spain adzapatsa mundawo duwa la El Toro. Mitundu iyi imawoneka bwino pabedi lamaluwa, itaima ngati malo owoneka bwino pazomera zina. Komanso duwa la El Toro ndi loyenera kudula chifukwa kulibe ma spikes komanso masamba ena okongola kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, duwa, ponse paŵiri m'mundamu ndi maluwa, amasungidwa bwino komanso mtundu wowala kwa nthawi yayitali.

Mbiri yamitundu

Rose zosiyanasiyana El Toro adasankhidwa ndi wobereketsa aku Dutch H. Olgi mu 2003 ku Netherlands. Pali malingaliro angapo pakuwonekera kwa dzina la duwa.

• "El Toro" latanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Spain ngati "ng'ombe, ng'ombe." Zikuwoneka kuti, utoto wowala kwambiri wa rose udalumikizidwa ndi wolemba ndi chovala chofiira, pomwe wophera ng'ombeyo amaphwanya ng'ombe pamphongo. Amadziwikanso kuti Torero Rose.
• Mwina duwa linatchedwa tawuni yaying'ono ya ku Spain yomwe ili ndi dzina lomweli la El Toro.
• Duwa lokhala ndi miyala yofiirira yofiirira limafanana ndi siketi yaku Spain yomwe ikupezeka kuvina kwachisangalalo cha flamenco. Ndizotheka kuti mfundo iyi idafotokoza dzina la Spain la duwa.

Rosa Eltora - Mfumukazi ya Munda

Kufotokozera kwapfupi

Rosa El Toro ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana okhala ndi tiyi wokhala ndi tiyi wosakanizika bwino kwambiri. Kusiyanitsa kwina kwa Eltor (monga momwe amatchulidwira) ndikusintha mumithunzi yamapa nthawi yamaluwa. Duwa limakhala ngati lalanje lakuda, lamoto, lofiirira, lamtundu wamagazi mpaka chitumbuwa ndipo limakhala ngati limaphulika kumapeto kwa maluwa.

Ku tchire, maluwa a El Toro ali owongoka, pafupifupi wopanda minga, masamba ake ndi 80-100 cm.Chitsamba ndichoponderetsetsa, makulidwe, masentimita 40-60, chachikulu masamba. Masamba amaumbidwa ndi zobiriwira zakuda.

Mphukira ili ndi mawonekedwe osenda ndi kutalika kwa 8-10 masentimita, ndipo pamene ikufalikira imakhala yolimba kwambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe amtundu wa pamakhala, omwe amafika mpaka 40 ma PC. Fungo lamaluwa ndiwofewa komanso losangalatsa.

Chitsamba chimaphuka ndi chisamaliro choyenera nyengo - kuyambira masika mpaka chisanu. Mphukira imasunganso utoto wake ndi mawonekedwe kwa nthawi yayitali m'maluwa ndi maluwa (mpaka masiku 30).

Ubwino ndi zoyipa zosiyanasiyana

Pakulima maluwa odulidwa, mitundu iyi mwina ndi imodzi yabwino kwambiri chifukwa cha zabwino zingapo:

• zimayambira molunjika popanda minga;
• duwa lalikulu lalikulu;
• fungo losamveka;
• cholimba chazitali mutadula.

Phwando la maluwa a El Toro

Zina mwazoyipa ndi kupsa kwamtundu wa ma petals padzuwa kumapeto kwa maluwa ndi kufunika kotulutsa mizu mosalekeza, popeza mitundu iyi imakonda dothi lotayirira, louma ndipo sililekerera chinyezi.

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake

Rosa El Toro ndi mfumukaziyo m'mundamu, chifukwa, monga maluwa ena, sakonda komwe kuli pafupi ndi mbewu zina zamaluwa. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito mitunduyi pakubzala kwayekha kapena kuwoka mu yaying'ono yaying'ono ndi mitundu ina ya maluwa. Mtundu wowala wa Eltora wowoneka bwino pakati pa mitundu ya mithunzi yowala.

Maluwa akukula

Kubzala bwino maluwa ndi maziko a thanzi lake, maluwa ambiri ndi moyo wautali. Ndikofunikira kuganizira nthawi yobzala, ndi kapangidwe ka nthaka, ndi malo.

Rosa El Toro akhoza kubzala kuchokera ku njere, komatu izi ndizowononga nthawi. Ndizachilendo komanso zodalirika kugula mbewu yokhala ndi mizu yolimba ndikubzala m'mundamo nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi ikubwera nthawi yanji?

Nthawi yoyenera kubzala ndi chiyambi cha kasupe kuyambira pa Marichi, pomwe matenthedwe a mpweya satsika pansi pa 10 ° C, mpaka kumapeto kwa Meyi, koma dzuwa lisanayambe kutentha kwambiri, chifukwa chitsamba sichimazika mizu pakutentha, ndi kutha kwa nthawi yophukira. M'dzinja, duwa limabzalidwa kuyambira pakati pa Seputembala mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala, kuti mmera ukhale ndi mizu isanazike chisanu. Chachikulu ndichakuti muziganizira nyengo komanso kutentha kwa dothi. Mu dothi lozizira, duwa silimakhala mizu ndikufa, malinga ndi asayansi, kutentha kwa dothi ndikubzala mbande m'nthaka kuti mizu yake ithe msanga - 12 ° C - 16 ° C.

Kusankha kwampando

Kuti chitsamba cha El Toro chisangalatsidwe ndi maluwa ambiri nyengo yonseyo, muyenera kusankha malo abwino oti mubzalire. Kuti tichite izi, zinthu zingapo ziyenera kukumbukiridwa.

• Malo aulere. Mizu ya duwa kuti ikule bwino pamafunika 60-90 masentimita onse mwakuya komanso mulifupi. Ndipo ziwalo za mlengalenga zimasowa mpweya wokwanira, koma wotetezedwa ku malo osungidwa, ndiye kuti chitsamba sichitha kudwala ndi tizirombo. Malo anu ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pa maluwa a maluwa.
• Dzuwa. El Toro amakonda malo okhala ndi dzuwa pomwe dzuwa limawalira kwa maola osachepera 6 patsiku. Pokhala ndi magetsi osakwanira, chitsamba sichimaphuka nthawi zonse, ndipo masamba adzaphuka pang'ono. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala chomera pafupi ndi mitengo ndi zitsamba, ndibwino kuti muzisankha malo motsatira mbali yakumwera kwa mpanda kapena khoma pamtunda wa 60 cm.
• Nthaka yachonde. Kuti pakhale maluwa ambiri, El Toro, monga maluwa ena, amafunikira michere. Palibe chifukwa chomwe mungasankhire malo okhala ndi madzi oyenda pansi kapena malo okumbika. Rose salekerera chinyezi. Ndipo mu dothi lotayirira, lopanda madzi, chonde chodzala ndi feteleza wachilengedwe, mfumukazi yamundawo imayamika maluwa okhuthala, osasinthika.

Kukonzekeretsa dothi kuti mubzale

Kusankha malo oti mubzale mmera, muyenera kukonzekera dothi. Kuti muchite izi, chotsani maudzu onse, kukumba ndi kukumana ndi nthaka. Kenako, maenje obzala amakonzedwa mpaka 50 cm ndi mulifupi masentimita 60. Feteleza wachilengedwe (manyowa, kompositi) umalowetsedwa m'nthaka yambiri, mpaka 2 kg (muyenera kusankha feteleza wamaminolo ndi phulusa lamatabwa). Mchenga umawonjezedwa ndi dothi lolemera, ndi humus ku dothi lamchenga.

Momwe mungakonzekere mmera kuti mubzale

Kutatsala maola 6 mpaka 10 kuti ubzale, mmera umayenera kuikidwa m'madzi. Kenako imasunthidwa mosamala, mizu imadulidwa mpaka 25 cm, odwala amachotsedwa kupita kumalo abwino. Nthambi zouma ndi zofooka zimadulidwa, ndikusiya masamba a 3-5. Musanabzale, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tithandizire kununkhira kwa dothi (osakanikirana ndi dongo ndi mullein pa 3: 1) kuti mupulumuke, muthanso kuwonjezera pang'onopang'ono (piritsi limodzi pa ndowa).

Rose kupopera

Tikukula gawo lililonse

Kubzala moyenera duwa la El Toro lithandiza chiwembu chotsatira:

1. Pansi pa dzenje, kutsanulira fosholo dothi lokonzedwa pasadakhale ndi feteleza.
2. Ikani mmera pamwamba, pomwe khosi la mizu liyenera kuzama ndi masentimita 5-7. Mizu yake imafunika kuwongoledwa.
3. Phimbani mizu ndi dothi, ndikugawa pakati pa mizu ndikugwira mmera ndi dzanja lanu.
4. Sindikiza dothi ndi manja anu.
5. Thirani chitsamba pansi pazu osagwera pamwamba. Kutsirira kumafunikira zochuluka, mpaka zidebe ziwiri, ziyenera kuthiridwa pang'onopang'ono, m'magawo ang'onoang'ono.
6. Ngati dziko litakhazikika, ikanipo pansi.

Chisamaliro chinanso

Rose amafunika kuthirira kwambiri mpaka malita 15 pansi pa chitsamba. Mu nthawi ya masika komanso koyambirira kwa chilimwe, pomanga udzu wobiriwira komanso pambuyo poyamba maluwa, uyenera kuthiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata, kunyowetsa dothi lakuya masentimita 40, ndi chilimwe kamodzi masiku atatu aliwonse.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Rosa amafunikira feteleza wa michere ndi michere pafupifupi chaka chonse, kupatula dzinja.

Chapakatikati, masamba asanatuluke, feteleza wa nayitrogeni amayikidwa panthaka.

M'chilimwe, amadya motere:

• mu June panthawi yopanga masamba ndi zosakaniza zopatsa thanzi;
• mu Julayi kuti abwezeretse pambuyo kwamaluwa ndi feteleza zovuta kuzinthu zina;
• mu Ogasiti kulemeretsa nthaka ndi mchere ndi mavitamini.

Mu nthawi yophukira, kulimbitsa mizu ndi chitetezo chazirala asanadutse, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa.

Kudulira

Tei wosakanizidwa wosakanizidwa El Toro amatulutsa kangapo pamnyengo ndipo amafunika kudulira nthawi zonse. Nthambi zimadulidwa 1 cm pamwamba pa impso yakunja pa ngodya yayikulu.

Kudulira mwachangu

Mu kasupe, kudulira kumayambika masamba atatupa mpaka 0,5 cm. - masamba a 5-7 amasiyidwa pa mphukira.

M'nyengo yotentha, mphukira imadulidwa kusankha, kusankha omwe atulutsa, kuletsa mapangidwe zipatso. Duwa limadulidwa limodzi ndi mphukira kwa masamba atatu kuchokera kumutu.

Mukugwa, chitsamba chimadulidwa pokonzekera nyengo yozizira. Ndikofunika kudula mphukira zofowoka, zowuma ndi zong'ambika, komanso zathanzi pang'ono pokha kuti chitsamba chisazizidwe kwambiri.

Kukonzekera yozizira

Mitundu ya El Toro ndi yosagwira chisanu, koma imafunikira kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu kuti iteteze ku kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha ndi kuwonongeka kwa chinyezi mothandizidwa ndi dzuwa ndi mphepo. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kuterera chitsamba mpaka kutalika kwa 30 cm ndi nthaka youma, ndikufunditsa ndi lapnik kuchokera pamwamba.

Nthawi yochita komanso kupuma kwa rose

Rosa El Toro amatulutsa kuyambira pakati pa Juni mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira popanda zosokoneza. Nthawi yopuma imangoyambira kutentha kwa 3 ° C, pomwe kusefukira kwamphamvu kumayima.

Zifukwa zakusowa kwa mitundu

Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti El Toro rose isaphuke:

• mmera wapamwamba wosankhidwa. Mmera uyenera kukhala ndi mphukira zolimba 3-4 ndi muzu wosakhazikika popanda chizindikiro cha kuwola;
• wopanda kuwala kokwanira. Mabasi obzalidwa m'malo owala bwino. Mu mthunzi, duwa silidaphuka kwambiri;
• dothi silikwanira. Nthaka ya El Toro iyenera kukhala yopepuka komanso yopatsa thanzi;
• osati malo oyenera. Malo obzala duwa amayenera kukhala dzuwa, podutsa, popanda zojambula, makamaka kuchokera kumwera chakunyumba;
• nyengo yovuta yozizira. Maluwa atasintha mwadzidzidzi kutentha, chisanu champhamvu ndi icing, duwa limafunikira nthawi kuti liziwonekanso.

Kufalitsa kwa El Toro Rose

Pali njira zambiri zokulitsira maluwa.

Mbewu

Mbewu zofesedwa mu Epulo. Amayikidwa mumtsuko ndipo amasungidwa m'malo abwino ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse. Amaswa pakatha miyezi 1.5-2, kenako ndikuyenera kuwaika m'miphika. Pambuyo pakuwoneka masamba asanu ndi amodzi athunthu, mutha kutumiza kunthaka.

Kukula maluwa a mbewu

Kuyika

Chapakatikati, sankhani mphukira yomwe ili pafupi ndi dziko lapansi, masamba. Kuwala kumachitika pakhungu lililonse kuti likule. Mphukira iyenera kuyikidwa mu ngalande yakukonzekera masentimita 10, owazidwa ndi lapansi, nthawi zonse madzi. M'dzinja, njirayi imasiyanitsidwa ndi chitsamba, pamwamba chimadulidwa. Chaka chotsatira, ndikwanitsa kumera m'malo okhazikika.

Kudula

Sankhani mphukira yamtundu wa 5-6 mm ndikudula zodula ndi masamba atatu kuchokera pakati. Ikani zodulidwazo pansi ndikusunga wowonjezera kutentha. Mizu yodulidwa mizu yobzalidwa chaka chamawa

Kugawanitsa

Chitsamba chachikulire chokhala ndi mphukira yambiri chimakumbidwa kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndikugawika mbande kuti aliyense ali ndi gawo la muzu ndikuwombera ndi masamba atatu.

Katemera (budding)

Kuwonekera kumapangidwa pamizere khosi la sitolo ndikukulitsidwa.

Matenda, tizirombo ndi njira zokuthana nazo

Tiyi wosakanizidwa El Toro amalimbana ndi matenda ambiri a fungal a maluwa, koma ngati mbewuyo ndi yaying'ono komanso yofooka, muyenera kuthira chitsamba ndi fungicides ku matenda ofala kwambiri:

• ufa wowuma. Kuphimba koyera kumawonekera kumtunda kwamasamba, kumawoneka ngati ufa, kusandukira kukhala zimayambira ndi masamba. Ngati sanachite kanthu, mbewuyo ingafe;
• thonje. Mbali yamunsi ya tsamba limakutidwa ndi zokutira loyera, ndi mawanga amtambo apamwamba;
• dzimbiri. Masamba owoneka ngati utoto wa lalanje amawoneka pamasamba.

Powdery Mildew Masamba

Komanso, munthawi ya msimu, kukonza mbewuyi ku tizirombo timafunikira:

• nsabwe za m'masamba. Zimakhudza masamba ndi masamba, kuphimba chilichonse ndi zokutira zomata. Zikatero, masamba amasanduka achikasu ndikugwa, koma masamba satenga.
• akangaude. Zitha kuwononga tchire lonse. Amawonetsedwa ndi mawonekedwe a madontho otumbululuka pamasamba, zolakwika za mphukira ndi masamba.

Rosa El Toro ndiye mfumukazi yeniyeni ya mundawo. Mavuto ang'onoang'ono ndi kulima kwake adzathetsa zonse chifukwa cha kukongola kwa masamba ndi maluwa akutali.