Mtengo wa kanjedza wa Hovea kuthengo umangokhala m'mchenga wam'mphepete mwa miyala ndi miyala yamapiri ochepa a Lord Howe Island, womwe umapezeka mu Nyanja ya Tasman pakati pa Australia ndi New Caledonia, womwe udalola kuti udanenedwe kuti ndi mbewu zomwe zikupezeka, ndiye kuti, kwa omwe amapezeka malo ochepa. Likulu la chisumbucho - Kentia adapatsa dzina lachiwiri kumtundu wa kanjedza - Kentia.
Mitundu ya Howea wamkulu
Duwa la a Howea ndi amtundu wa mitengo ya kanjedza, banja la Areca. Ichi ndi chimodzi mwamabanja akulu kwambiri otulutsa maluwa, mdziko lakwawo limakula mpaka 15 metres.
Zomwezo pachilumba cha Lord Howe
Thunthu lomwe lili ndi mphete zamiyala ya cicatricial, pomwe limakula kukula kwamapini a masamba mpaka 4,5.
Mitengo ya inflorescence yowonekera imayimilira m'masamba a masamba, ndipo zipatso zimapangidwa. Kuwona kwa mitengo ya kanjedza yokongola kunakopa chidwi cha atsamunda aku Western Europe, kotero kukongola kunadzipeza kutali ndi kwawo ndikupeza kutchuka ku Old World.
Mtundu wa hovea nyumba mkukula (mpaka 3 m) ndi wocheperako poyerekeza ndi mbewu yomwe idakula pachilumbacho, osataya kukoma ndi kaso yakum'mwera.
Pali mitundu iwiri yoleredwa kunyumba:
- Howra Forster;
- Howe Belmore.
Howe Forster
Dzinalo lina - Forstayeza, m'chilengedwe limakula mpaka mamita 15. thunthu ndi wowongoka, ndi mulifupi womwewo kutalika konse. Tsamba lalikulu la masamba obiriwira obiriwira, cirrus, wopindika pang'ono, kutalika kwake kufika 2.5 m, amaphatikizika ndi petioles mpaka 1.5 m kutalika.
Mtunduwu umalimbana kwambiri ndi kuzizira, umalekerera kutsika kwa 10 ° C popanda zotsatira.
Zambiri. M'malo obiriwira, amatulutsa inflorescence komanso amabala zipatso.
Howe Belmore
Chingwechi ndi chotsika, chimafika pamtunda wa mamilimita 10. thunthu pamunsi ndilokulirapo.
Tsamba lokwera mpaka 4.5 m limakhala ndi masamba angapo opapatiza omwe amapanga tsamba lamapulasitiki, lomwe limapezeka pang'onopang'ono kosaposa 40 cm.
Ma inflorescence a Howe Belmore
Kuchuluka kwa zipinda kumachepera, ndipo nyengo yabwino yamkati imatha kufika 3 m.
Zoweta kuswana
Zomwe zingafotokozedwe:
- Kufesa mbewu;
- Kubzala kapena kugawa chitsamba.
Kugawa chitsamba
Zofunika! Kukonzekera zokhalamo kumalimbikitsidwa mu Epulo-Meyi.
Zosakanizidwa zokonzekera zopangidwa ndi:
- Leus humus - 2 magawo.
- Dziko la Sodomu - gawo limodzi.
- Perlite - 2 magawo.
Chidebe chimasankhidwa ndi voliyumu yolingana ndi kukula kwa mizu ya kanjedza.
Kufalitsa kufalitsa motsatira kugawa chitsamba
Ntchito zotsatirazi ziyenera kuchitidwa motsatana:
- Chotsani chomera mosamala mumphika.
- Gwedeza mizu pang'ono kuti uwoneke pansi.
- Pitilizani kuchotsa dothi pamizu ndi dzanja, kuti musawononge mizu.
- Gawani chomera mosamala popewa kuwononga mizu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zisaphe.
- Bzalani Delenki mumbale zakonzedwa ndi dothi losakaniza.
- Kuthirira.
Mizu imachitika:
- Kuwala koma kosinthika.
- Kutentha 20-25 ° C.
- Chinyezi pa 50%.
Kubzala kuyenera kuthiriridwa pamene osakaniza auma mpaka masentimita awiri. Osayandikira kukonzekera. Mizu idzachitika mu masabata 1-2. Mizu yokhazikika imadyetsedwa, kukonzekera njira yothetsera ndikuwonjezeranso theka la feteleza wofunikira wachomera wamkulu.
Kufesa mbewu
Njira imeneyi sikuti nthawi zonse imagwira bwino ntchito komanso nthawi yambiri. Mbeu zimasunga kumera kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Amanyowa m'madzi kwa masiku 5. Miphika yosankha ndi mphamvu yoposa 200 ml. Konzani dothi, lopangidwa ndi pepala lapansi, perlite ndi vermiculite mwa chiyerekezo cha 1: 1: 1. Dzazani zotengera, osafika pamwamba pa 1.5 cm, moisten. Kuti muzikwera bwino, muwononge pang'ono chigoba cholimba cha mbewu ndi fayilo. Zofesedwa kamodzi, zozama ndikuwazidwa pang'ono ndi dziko lapansi. Phimbani ndi kanema kapenagalasi pamwamba, ndikupanga mkati mwa chinyezi mpaka 100%.
Zambiri. Nthawi zambiri zosaposa theka la mbewu yofesedwa zimamera. Chithandizo cha dothi ndi fungicides yochepetsedwa ndi dothi kumawonjezera kumera.
Kuti kumera bwino ndikofunikira:
- Sungani kutentha kwa mlengalenga ndi dothi losatsika kuposa 27 ° ะก.
- Onjezani pang'ono pang'ono.
- Ventilate tsiku lililonse.
- Onetsetsani kuti dothi siliphwa.
The mwayi wa zikamera mkati 6 miyezi. Mbewuzo zikakula mpaka masentimita 2-4, zimasungidwira mumzengera woikira wamkulu wachitsanzo.
M'nyengo yamasika ndi chilimwe cha chaka choyamba, mbande zimayikidwa mthunzi.
Momwe mungamulitsire kunyumba
Zoyerekeza zazing'ono zimasinthidwa chaka chilichonse, makamaka mchaka, zimagwira mumphika wokulirapo ndi mtanda winawake.
Kwa awiri - komanso azaka zitatu, kamodzi zaka ziwiri zilizonse ndizokwanira, kwa akulu - kamodzi zaka zisanu. Malo osakanikirana a turf land, mchenga ndi peat amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamenepa. Mukalowetsa chomera, musaiwale za kukhetsa kwa madzi. Kusintha gawo lapansi, zosanjika zapamwamba zimasinthidwa pachaka.
Zofunika! Mukamatambasulira kanjedza, thunthu limakulirakulira mpaka kukula. Mtengo wake umasankhidwa molingana ndi muzu womata.
Malangizo Osamalira
Duwa losavomerezeka la javea limasinthika mosavuta m'mikhalidwe yovuta, ndikosavuta kusamalira.
Kuti mukule bwino, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena:
- Sungani kutentha nthawi yotentha mpaka 24 ° C, nthawi yozizira ya 16-18 ° C.
- Madzi okha ndi madzi ofunda.
- Mlengalenga ukauma, utsi.
Popita nthawi, masamba a Howea amayamba kuuma ndikufa, zomwe zimawoneka ngati zachilengedwe. Pankhaniyi, kuchuluka kwa masamba owuma komanso okhwima kumene kumayenera kukhala komwe.
Pokhala chinyezi chotsika, malekezero a pepalalo louma, amawadula bwino. Pukutani masamba nthawi zonse ndi chinkhupule chonyowa, nthawi zina gwiritsani ntchito shawa.
Hee kunyumba
Chomera chimakonda utsi wa fodya ndi fungo la ndudu ndipo zimafuna mpweya wabwino nthawi zonse, koma zolembedwa ziyenera kuthetsedwa.
Kuthirira
Madzi abwino kwambiri a kuthirira Howe amaonedwa kuti ndi madzi amvula. Amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi owiritsa.
M'nyengo yotentha, ndi masamba akhama, kuthirira kambiri kumafunikira. Kuthirira kawiri pasabata kumakhala kokwanira. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, madzi amathiridwa dothi likauma, koma simungathe kubweretsa dothi louma kuti liziuma. Ndikofunikira kuganizira kutentha: ikachepetsedwa, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa.
Chinyezi cha Howea
Mu nthawi ya masika ndi chilimwe, kuwonjezera pa kuthirira, mmera umafunika chinyezi chachikulu, umapangidwa mwa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa.
Tcherani khutu! M'nyengo yozizira, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikugwiritsidwa ntchito, kumayambiridwanso ngati kutentha kwa chipinda kupitirira 22 ° C.
Kusankha kwampando
Kukhazikitsa mgwalangwa pena paliponse mnyumbamo ndi koyenera kukhalamo. Kumbali yakumwera mukutentha muyenera kupanga mthunzi. M'nyengo yozizira, kuunikira kowonjezereka kumagwiritsidwa ntchito, kuphatikiza nyali ya fluorescent.
Kuunikira koyenera
Chingwe ndichopendekera mthunzi, chipinda chilichonse ndichabwino kuchikulitsa, koma m'malo mwake osasunthika amachepetsa. Oyenera kuyika maluwa adzakhala malo okhala ndi kuwala kosiyanitsidwa kwambiri.
Inde monga mbali yamkati
M'nyengo yozizira, momwemonso pamafunika chisamaliro chochepa komanso kuwunikira.Kuti kanjedza likhale lolingana masamba, limasunthidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuwalako.
Ntchito feteleza
Nthawi yakula, mbewu zazing'onoting'ono zimafunikira kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza wapadera wa mitengo ya kanjedza kamodzi pakatha milungu iwiri iliyonse. Zomera zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga masamba okhala ndi potaziyamu, magnesium ndi phosphorous. Gwiritsani ntchito mafuta. Makope achikulire adzakhala okwanira 1 pamwezi. M'nyengo yozizira, amakana kudyetsa.
Tcherani khutu! Feteleza zochulukirapo zidzawapangitsa kudziunjikira munthaka, zomwe zingayambitse kuledzera kwa chiweto.
Kudulira mwaukhondo
Kupanga kudulira sikofunikira, ndikofunikira kuchotsa masamba osweka ndi osafunikira nthawi yomweyo, pogwiritsa ntchito zida zakuthwa: mpeni, kudulira mitengo.
Matenda a Howe
Maonekedwe a bulauni malo amtundu wonse wa tsamba kumatanthauza matenda - tsamba lozungulira (ola zowola). Chomera chodwala chimathandizidwa ndi fungicides kangapo mpaka kuchira.
Masamba achichepere amadwala chlorosis, kuyambitsa zinthu zothandiza kuthana ndi matendawa. Matenda ofooka. Chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri pamakhala kusokonezeka kwa mtengo wa kanjedza.
Tcherani khutu! Kuphatikiza kuthirira, kuvala pamwamba, kusunga chinyezi choyenera ndi kutentha ndiko kupewa kwakukulu.
Tizilombo
Maonekedwe a tizirombo sangathetsedwe:
- Spider nthata, scute ndi mealybugs, zomwe zimawonongeka ndi tizirombo.
- Ma thrips, adzagonjetsedwa ndi Aktar.
- Ma nsabwe akuchotsa sopo wanyumba.
Mukakula, mavuto otsatirawa amabwera:
- Chomera chaching'ono chimafuna nthawi yambiri - zosinthika pafupipafupi, kuwona kutentha kwa boma ndi kuthirira, kusunga chinyezi.
- Zingwe za kanjedza zopitilira muyeso m'chipindacho.
- Mwachidziwikire, njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga zomwe zidapangitsa kuti chiweto chife.
Tcherani khutu! Mavuto onse omwe amadza ndi omwe amayamba chifukwa chotsata malamulo omwe akukula komanso osagwirizana ndi malamulo akusamalira omwe alipo.
Kuumitsa masamba
Pozindikira kuti masamba akuuma, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu nthawi yomweyo kuti musataye chiweto chanu.
Cholinga chake chingakhale:
- Kutsitsa kutentha pansipa 18 ° C.
- Kukhalapo kwa utsi wa fodya ndi zinthu zina zoyipa mlengalenga.
- Malo owuma.
Kutha kwa izi kudzabwezeretsa Howe mwa mawonekedwe ake.
Howeva ndi wotchuka kunyumba yosamalira zomwe sizovuta kwambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi ndi mphamvu zonse kumalipidwa ndi chozizwitsa chobiriwira chamoyo, kukhazikika mnyumbamo ndikukumbukira nyengo yotentha komanso nyanja.
