Rosa Santana (Santana) - mawonekedwe a mitundu

Rosa Santana ndi chikhalidwe chokongoletsa bwino chomwe chimakonda kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mundawo. Mothandizidwa ndi mbewu iyi, ndizotheka kukongoletsa arbor kapena arches, komanso kupanga hedge. Kuti muchite bwino polima mbewu, ndiyofunika kuisamalira moyenera. Asanadzalemo duwa lokwerera Santana phunzirani kufotokoza za chikhalidwe.

Rosa Santana (Santana) - ndimtundu wanji, mbiriyakale ya chilengedwe

Kukula kwa chikhalidwe kumeneku kumalumikizidwa ndi dzina la wobala waku Germany waku Matthias Tantau. Mu 1906, adatsegula nazale yake ndipo adagwira ntchito yolima mitundu yatsopano. Duwa la mitundu iyi lidapangidwa pambuyo pa woweta wobedwayo. Zophatikiza izi zidalembetsedwa mu 1985. Wolemba wake anali Hans Jürgen Evenson.

Chikhalidwechi chili ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri zokongoletsa.

Kufotokozera kwapafupi, mawonekedwe

Chikhalidwe chimakwanira mosavuta pakupanga kwa dimba. Makhalidwe ake akuluakulu ndi awa:

• kutalika kwa mbewu ukufika 3 m, ndipo m'lifupi - 2 m;
• inflorescence ya velvety imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wofiirira wakuda;
• mphukira zamaluwa zimaphimbidwa ndi inflorescence zambiri, zomwe masamba a 3-7 amalowera gulu lililonse;
• masamba otseguka amapanga chikho ndipo amafikira mainchesi 12;
• mmera sulekana chisanu;
• chikhalidwe chimafuna kuwala kambiri dzuwa;
• limalekerera kugwa kwamvula yayikulu ndipo siliponya pansi;
• maluwa amaphimba nthambi;
• zimasiyana pakukana ndi majeremusi ndi ma pathologies;
• ndi chisamaliro choyenera, imatha kutulutsa kawiri nyengo.

Ubwino ndi zoyipa zosiyanasiyana

Ubwino pazomera ndi izi:

• kunyalanyaza kukula;
• wosafuna kusiya;
• kukana matenda ndi tizirombo;
• zokongoletsera zodabwitsa.

Choyipa chachikulu ndi kununkhira kwamaluwa kwamaluwa. Komabe, ilipo ndipo ngakhale kumva patali.

Gwiritsani ntchito kapangidwe kake

Chomera chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zokongoletsera. Kukwera kwa rose Santana ndi koyenera kukongoletsa hedges, arbor, arches. Kuchokera mmalo mwake pangani garlands ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuti musunge nyumba zoyipa.

Chikhalidwechi chimatha kuphatikizidwa ndi mbewu zina. Zimayenda bwino ndi tchire lina - mwachitsanzo, ndikukwera Sonata. Komanso mbewuzo zingabzalidwe pafupi ndi maluwa kapena mitengo yotsika.

Duwa nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa

Kukula duwa, momwe mungabzale poyera

Kuti muchite bwino pakukula kwa mbewu, muyenera kuchita bwino ntchito yobzala.

Kodi akukwera pamtundu wanji?

Pakubzala mbewu gwiritsani mbande. Ndikofunikira kusankha mbewu popanda kuwonongeka koonekera. Mabasi okhala ndi mizu yokhazikitsidwa bwino akhazikitsidwa bwino. Zomera zabwino zimakhala ndi nthambi zingapo zamphamvu.

Kodi ikubwera nthawi yanji?

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbewu kasupe - mu Epulo kapena Meyi. Ndizololedwa kuchita izi kumapeto - mu Seputembala kapena Okutobala.

Kusankha kwatsamba

Maluwa amabzalidwa m'malo abwino. Ndikofunikira kuti malowa azikhala ndi mpweya wambiri. Pankhaniyi, kukonzekera kwa chomera kumatsutsana.

Momwe angakonzekerere nthaka ndi duwa podzala

Musanadzalemo mbeu m'nthaka, muyenera kuyigwirizira ndi madzi, kuchotsa masamba owonjezera ndikuchotsa mizu ndi antiseptic. Izi zitha kuchitika ndi yankho la mkuwa wamchere wa sulphate wa 3%.

Kayendedwe kakapangidwe kalikonse

Kuti Santana idze bwino, iyenera kubzalidwa moyenera:

1. Choyamba ikani phukusi. Ndikofunika kuwonjezera madzi ndi humus.
2. Dulani mizu ndi 30 cm.
3. Mukadzala yophukira, muyenera kuyika mbewu pamtunda wa 33 mpaka 34 cm. Pambuyo pake, ikani chithunthu cha mbewuyo ndi 20 cm.
4. Chepetsa chitsamba. Izi zimapangitsa chitukuko chake.

Kuyika ndikofunikira

Kusamalira mbewu

Santana rose imadziwika kuti ndi chikhalidwe chosasangalatsa. Komabe, amafunikira chisamaliro.

Kutsirira malamulo ndi chinyezi

Chikhalidwe sichimafunikira chinyezi chambiri. Chifukwa chake, amayenera kuthiriridwa kamodzi pa sabata. Pansi pa chitsamba, kutsanulira 1 ndowa.

Chomera chimafunika kuthiriridwa m'nthawi yake

Mavalidwe apamwamba ndi dothi labwino

M'chaka choyamba, chomera sichitha kudyetsedwa. Mukadulira mchaka, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera feteleza wamamineral. Urea kapena ammonium nitrate ndi njira yabwino.

Pambuyo masiku 10, ndikofunikira kupanga kompositi, yomwe imakwanitsa mizu ndi zina zowonjezera. Panthawi yopanga masamba, organics imagwiritsidwa ntchito - zitosi za nkhuku kapena mullein. Mu Seputembala, mankhwala achilengedwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kudulira ndi kupatsirana

Duwa lokwera limafunikira kudulidwa ndikuchepetsa m'nthawi yake. Ngati izi sizichitika, chitsamba chimamanga unyinji wobiriwira. Pankhaniyi, mbewuyo sichimaphuka kwathunthu.

Kutenga duwa ndikukonzekera nyengo yozizira. Nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunikira kuchotsa mphukira zakale ndikufupikitsa achinyamata.

Maluwa odukiza komanso opitilira zimabweretsa kuti pofika chaka chachitatu cha moyo, kufooka kwa mphukira zazikulu kumawonedwa. Amadulidwa, kusiya zamphamvu kwambiri zomwe zimapendekera. Pakatikati, ndikofunikira kuchotsa zitsulo zowola ndikupatsa mbewuyo mawonekedwe okongola.

Kuyika duwa pokhapokha ngati ndikofunikira sikulimbikitsidwa. Ngati mungafunike kutero, chitani izi ndi mtunda wa dothi.

Zambiri nyengo yozizira maluwa

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kukonzekera mbewuyi nthawi yozizira pokhapokha nyengo yowuma. Kuti muchite izi, chitani izi:

1. Pamapeto kwa chilimwe, siyani kumasula nthaka.
2. Chotsani nthambi kuchokera kuzothandizira ndikuyang'ana. Pakadali pano, ndizoyenera kuchotsa zidutswa zowonongeka.
3. Ikani chitsamba pa masamba owuma kapena nthambi zonona.
4. Ndi matalala akuthwa, konzekerani duwa kuchokera kumwamba.

Maluwa maluwa

Duwa ili limadziwika ndi maluwa ambiri komanso obiriwira. Munthawi imeneyi, chikhalidwe chimafuna chisamaliro chapadera.

Nthawi yochita komanso kupumira

Ma Budzu amatha kuphuka kawiri pa nyengo. Nthawi yoyamba izi kuchitika koyambirira kwa Juni, chachiwiri - pakati pa Ogasiti. Maluwa amatenga mpaka kumapeto kwa Okutobala. Masamba ndi akulu komanso owala bwino. M'nyengo yozizira, mmera umayamba nthawi yopumira.

Kusamalira nthawi ya maluwa ndi pambuyo pake

Nthawi yamaluwa, mmera umafunikira kuti umuna. Masamba atagwa, ayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi yomweyo. Apo ayi, maluwa osokonekera adzachotsa michere. Izi zimalepheretsa kukula kwathunthu kwachikhalidwe.

Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, duwa limamera

Zoyenera kuchita ngati mulibe pachimake, zomwe zingayambitse

Kuperewera kwamaluwa kumachitika chifukwa kuphwanya malamulo posamalira mbewu. Nthawi zambiri izi zimachitika chifukwa chosowa michere, kuthirira mosayenera, kuphwanya malamulo odulira. Kuti tipeze maluwa abwino, ndikofunikira kusintha pakukhazikitsa ntchito zaulimi.

Kufalitsa maluwa

Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti mufalitse chikhalidwecho mwazomera. Pankhaniyi, mawonekedwe ena ayenera kukumbukiridwa.

Akapangidwa

Kufalikira ndi kudulidwa kuyenera kuchitika pambuyo pa funde loyamba la maluwa. Kuswana kwachikhalidwe kumagwira ntchito mu April.

Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane

Njira yabwino kwambiri yoberekera imaganiziridwa kuti ndiyidulidwe. Choyamba muyenera kuyang'ana nthambi zapamwamba ndikusankha cholimba kwambiri. Kenako ndikofunika kuti muchepetse phesiyo. Gawo lakumwambalo lizikonzedwa nthawi yomweyo kuchokera ku impso, ndipo lotsikira pakona pafupi ndi impso. Pesi lokonzekera liyenera kubzalidwa mumchenga ndi kuphimba ndi mtsuko. Nthaka imafunika kupukutidwa.

Mukamakulitsa mbeu pang'onopang'ono, tikulimbikitsidwa kuwaza m'madzimo ndi dothi ndi mchenga ndi madzi ambiri Chaka chamawa, kudula zodula pachomera ndikuwadzala pamalo okhazikika.

Mutha kufalitsa zachikhalidwe podula

Matenda, tizirombo ndi njira zokuthana nazo

Chikhalidwe ichi chimagwirizana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo. Komabe, nthawi zina pamakhala chiwopsezo cha matenda. Nthawi zambiri, chikhalidwe chimatengeka ndi izi:

• Bacteria khansa - mizu ya mbewu kuvutika, yokutidwa ndi ma tubercles. Popewa matendawa, mmera umathandizidwa ndi sulfate yamkuwa.
• Powdery mildew - limodzi ndi maonekedwe oyera ating kuyanika pa masamba. Zomera zomwe zikukukhudzani ziyenera kung'ambika ndikuwotchedwa.
• Wowona wakuda - pamenepa, masamba ndi tsinde zimakutidwa ndi mawanga akuda. Zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndikuwotchedwa. Matendawa amapezeka ndi kuchepa kwa potaziyamu ndi phosphorous.

Santana ndichikhalidwe chokongoletsa chotchuka chomwe chimagwira monga chokongoletsera chenicheni cha mundawo. Chomera chosasinthika ichi chimakonda kukongola ndi maluwa ambiri chilimwe chonse. Kuti chikhalidwechi chisunge zokongoletsa zake nthawi yayitali, iyenera kuthiriridwa, kudulira, kudyetsedwa panthawi.