Gloxinia ndi chomera chotchuka chomwe chili ndi maluwa okongola omwe amafanana ndi mabelu mawonekedwe. Chikhalidwechi ndi cha banja la a Gesneriaceae ndipo ndi ma tuber. Ali ndi nthawi yamasamba ndi nthawi yokhala chete, pomwe mmeramo umapezanso mphamvu ndikukonzekera nyengo yotsatira. Chifukwa chake, muyenera kumvetsetsa pamene gloxinia yazimiririka - choti mutatsatire ndi zomwe zili zofunikira ku duwa panthawi yopuma.
Nthawi ya maluwa ku Gloxinia kunyumba
Chakumapeto kwa mwezi wa February, mbewu imayamba kuphuka ndipo masamba awiri atatu atatuluka ku gloxinia, masamba ayamba kupanga. Ngati izi zikuchitika mokhazikika, ndiye kuti mbewuyo imaphukanso mu Ogasiti. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kumuthandiza.
Gloxinia imafuna kupumula nthawi yozizira
Chifukwa chake, ngati gloxinia inazimiririka mu June, muyenera kudziwa zoyenera kuchita. Choyamba, mbewuyo imafunikira kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi, komwe kumapangitsa kuti ibwezeretse mphamvu. Ndikulimbikitsidwanso kuti muchepetse tsamba loyambirira ndikusiya masamba osapitilira 2-3 maluwa atatha kufota. Izi zimapangitsa kukula kwa mphukira zam'mbali, pakati pomwe ziyenera kusiyidwa mwamphamvu 2-4, ndi zina zonse kuti zichotsedwe. Ndi pa iwo pomwe masamba adzayamba kuonekera.
Mtundu wa maluwa mu gloxinia ndi cap. Pafupifupi masamba 10 amapangidwa pa mphukira imodzi. Mtundu wa ma petals ndi osiyanasiyana kwambiri, mthunzi waukulu umatha kukhala woyera, wa pinki, wofiyira komanso wofiirira. Kutulutsa kwamvula pamaso pa zinthu zabwino kumatha miyezi 3-4.
Kutengera mitundu, maluwa amatha kukhala osavuta komanso ang'ono, omveka kapena amawu awiri, okhala ndi m'mphepete mwa nthawi zonse.
Zofunika! Kutulutsa mobwerezabwereza kwa gloxinia sikukongola ngati koyambirira.
Kodi zokulitsa maluwa
Pachimake pachimake pachimake pamapezeka masika-chilimwe, ndipo makamaka mu Meyi-June. Koma kuti muwonjezere, ndikofunikira kuti chomera chithandizidwe. Sizingatheke kuti munthawiyi dzuwa lowongoka lawonekera pamasamba, motero ndikofunikira kupanga shading pang'ono.
Ndikofunikanso kuonetsetsa kuti kutentha kwa zinthuzi sikupitilira +22 madigiri ndipo chinyezi chimakhala mumtunda wa 60-80%. M'masiku otentha kwambiri, ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti zotengera zowonjezera zamadzi ziyikidwe pafupi ndi mphika kuti madzi azikuluka.
Yang'anani! Gloxinia sayenera kuthiridwa mankhwala kuti achulukitse chinyezi, chifukwa zigawo zake zonse ndi pubescent.
Kuti mukhale ndi kutentha kwabwino, tikulimbikitsidwa kupatsirana malo mchipindacho. Koma ndikofunikira kuti palibe zolemba. Chifukwa chake, musanafike pandege, ndikofunikira kukonzanso mphika wamaluwa m'malo obisika, kenako ndikutsegula zenera.
Kwa maluwa akutalika kwambiri a glxinia amafunika kukhala ndi nyengo zabwino
Kutalikitsa maluwa a gloxinia, ndikofunikira kuthirira mbewu nthawi zonse ndi madzi okhazikika. Izi zichitike pofunikira, kupewa ngakhale kuyanika pang'ono mizu. Kunyalanyaza lamuloli kumatsogolera ku kulakalaka msanga kwa masamba onse.
Yang'anani! Ndikofunikira kuthirira gloxinia m'mphepete mwa mphika kapena poto. Ngati chinyezi chikhala pamwamba pa tuber, chimatha kuvunda.
Kutalika kwa maluwa zimatengera kuvala pamtunda kwa chomera. Kuti muchulukitse, ndikofunikira kuthirira mbewu masiku 10 aliwonse ndi njira yothira michere potengera feteleza wa phosphorous-potaziyamu wazomera wa maluwa. Mutha kuzigula pa sitolo iliyonse yapadera.
Zoyenera kuchita ndi maluwa odziwika a glxinia
Muyeneranso kudziwa zoyenera kuchita ndi maluwa odziwika a gloxinia. Atafota, ayenera kuchotsedwa limodzi ndi tsinde m'munsi. Izi zidzagawiranso nyini ndikuthandizira kupangidwa kwamitundu yatsopano.
Ngati izi sizichitika munthawi yake, ndiye kuti mabokosi ambewu amapangidwa. Maonekedwe awo amalepheretsa kupanga mitundu yatsopano.
Mphukira zopukutira ziyenera kuchotsedwa munthawi yake.
Gloxinia pambuyo maluwa - chochita ndi mbewu
Momwe mungasamalire gloxinia mutatha maluwa titha kuuza eni luso malo obiriwira. Nthawi imeneyi, muyenera kukonzekera bwino chomera nthawi yachisanu. Njirayi imakhala ndi magawo angapo omwe akuyenera kutsatidwa kuti tuber ipulumuke mosakhalitsa.
Kudulira
Maluwa atha kufota, kudulira malo ogulitsira osavomerezeka. M'pofunika kukhalabe ndi kagayidwe kachakudya mu tinthu tating'onoting'ono, chifukwa chomeracho chimachokera masamba atalowa mu tuber.
Pambuyo pake, mphukira imayamba kufota, kenako muyenera kudula, koma siyani chitsa chaching'ono cha 2 cm nthawi yomweyo.
Zofunika! Ngati ndikuchepetsa gloxinia mutangotulutsa maluwa, zimathandizira kukula kwa mphukira, zomwe zimafooketsa chomeracho.
Mu mbande zazing'ono, rosette imasungidwa nthawi yonse yozizira. Izi ndichifukwa choti tubers awo sanakhazikike mokwanira ndipo sanakwanitse kupulumuka nyengo yozizira popanda zakudya zina zowonjezera. Chifukwa chake, ndizosatheka kudula gawo la mlengalenga kwa iwo, apo ayi sangatulutsidwe.
Potere, muyenera kupatsa mbewuyi chisamaliro chokwanira, chomwe chimakhala ndi maola 12 masana ndikuthilira nthawi zonse.
Chobwezeretsa
Ndi chiyani chinanso chomwe chikufunika kuchitika pamene gloxinia imazirala? Chomera chisanakhale hibernation, ndikofunikira kubwezeretsa mphamvu zomwe zidagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti tichite izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kumeza feteleza ndi potashi feteleza. Izi zimalola kuti tuber ipse bwino ndikupanga michere yambiri yomwe ingafunikire kwa miyezi 3-4 yobisalira.
Alimi okhwima amalimbikitsa kugwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu monophosphate pamenepa. Pokonzekera yankho la michere, muyenera kupukusa 5 g ya malonda mu 2 l yamadzi oyimilira. Pambuyo pake, sakanizani bwino mpaka zigawo zikuluzikulu zithe. Thirani madzi chifukwa pamlingo wa 150 ml pa mphika umodzi.
Zofunika! Feteleza okhala ndi nayitrogeni wambiri sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito panthawiyi, chifukwa amathandizira kukula kwa ziwalo zam'mlengalenga, zomwe zimakhudza chitetezo chokwanira cha gloxinia.
Kubwezeretsa kovala pamwamba kumayikidwa kamodzi, atangochotsa masamba onse, koma pamaso masamba.
Kuyesa malo ogulitsira ndi chizindikiro chokonzekera gloxinia ya hibernation
Kukonzekera chomera hibernation
Kusamalira gloxinia utatha maluwa kunyumba kumakhalanso ndi kuwunika panjira zina. Kuyambira mu Seputembala, mphika wamaluwa uyenera kukonzedwanso m'malo owala. Poterepa, chepetsa kutentha mpaka madigiri 15. Mukasungidwa m'mikhalidwe yotere, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa nthawi imodzi pa sabata.
Zonsezi movutikira zimathandizira kufinya kwa malo ogulitsira ndikukonzekeretsa chomera kuti chikhale hibernation yomwe ikubwera.
Ngati izi sizichitika, ndiye kuti mitundu ina ya gloxinia ikhoza kupitilirabe kukula. Zotsatira zake, mphukira amatambasuka, rosette ndi yopunduka, ndipo mbewuyo imataya zokongoletsera zake. Zonsezi zimafooketsa maluwa ndipo zimatha kuyambitsa maluwa mu nyengo yotsatira.
Zofunika! Gloxinia, monga mbewu zambiri zamasamba ambiri, imafuna nthawi yayitali, yopumira kuti ipange masamba.
Komwe ndi momwe mungasungire tubers za "akugona" gloxinia
Pali njira ziwiri zosungira ma gloxinia tubers kunyumba nthawi yozizira: pansi komanso popanda iyo. Iliyonse mwazomwe zili ndi zake, choncho musanapange chisankho, muyenera kuzidziwa bwino. Osatengera njira yomwe yasankhidwa, malamulo osungira ambiri ayenera kutsatiridwa nthawi yonse yonse:
- kusowa kwa kuwala kowala;
- kutentha kwa mawonekedwe - kuchokera +3 mpaka +12 madigiri;
- chinyezi chochepa - 60-85%.
Zofunika! Pokhapokha pazikhalidwe zonse pomwe duwa limatha kupulumuka nyengo yozizira ndipo lingathe kutulutsa maluwa msika lotsatira.
Mphika
Mukasungitsa tuber ya gloxinia mumphika, ndikofunikira, chikatsukacho chitatha, chotsani gawo la mlengalenga ndikulola dothi kuti liume pang'ono kwa masiku angapo. Kenako muyenera kuwaza dothi lapamwamba ndi mchenga wouma wamtsinje kuti mupewe kukula kwa bowa.
Pambuyo pokonzekera, ndikofunikira kulongedza mphika ndi tuber mu thumba la pulasitiki popanda kumata. Kenako sungani m'malo ozizira amdima.
Zindikirani! Chifukwa cha ichi, chapansi, chokhala ndi khonde, malo pansi pa bafa amatha kutuluka.
Pofuna kupewa kuti tuber isayime, ndikofunikira kuti inyowetse dothi mumphika kamodzi pamwezi pang'ono. Choipa cha njirayi ndikuti tuber imatha kuyamba kumayambiriro.
Ikasungidwa mumphika, gloxinia imafunikira kuthiriridwa nthawi ndi nthawi
Phukusi
Mukasunga tuber yopanda dothi, iyenera choyamba kutsukidwa dothi, kutsukidwa ndikuwuma bwino. Pambuyo pake, muzifufuza mosamala kuti muone zakuda zakuda. Ngati alipo, chotsani madera owola ndi mpeni wosabala ku minofu yathanzi.
Asanagone yosungirako, ndikofunikira kuwaza magawo ndimakala kapena phulusa, ndikunyamuka kuti uwume kwa tsiku limodzi.
Kusunga tubers popanda dothi, muyenera kukonzekera thumba la pulasitiki lokhala ndi zip fastener. Pambuyo pake, ikani chisakanizo chaching'ono cha mchenga wamchenga ndi utuchi, kenaka ikani ma tubers okonzedwa a gloxinia mmenemo.
Mwakutero, zinthu zodzala bwino zimasungidwa m'chipinda chapansi cha firiji. Ubwino wa njirayi ndikuti nthawi yozizira ndizotheka kuyang'anira nthawi zonse zomwe zimachitika m'madzimo ndikupanga hydrate munthawi yake.
Kusunga tubers mu thumba kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuzisamalira
Dziko la Gloxinia ndiwakonda kwambiri kulima. Nthawi yomweyo, safuna chisamaliro ndipo, malinga ndi malamulo oyambira osungirako panthawi ya hibernation, imatha kukondweretsa ndikutulutsa maluwa yayitali. Chinthu chachikulu ndikutsatira malingaliro onse.
