Momwe mungakulire bwino mitundu ya apricot Kupambana

Apurikoti nthawi zonse amawonedwa ngati chomera cha thermophilic. Otsala akhala akugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali kulima mitundu yomwe imatha kulekerera nyengo yachisanu ndikubala zipatso ku Russia, Central Black Soil komanso ku Moscow Region. Tsopano olima dimba ali ndi ma apricots olimba kwambiri nthawi yozizira omwe atha kukhala mbuto zomwe sanachitepo. Chimodzi mwazinthu izi ndizopambana.

Kufotokozera mitundu ya apricot Kupambana

Kupambana Mosiyanasiyana kumakwaniritsa dzina lake. Ndi chivundikiro chosakwanira chipale chofewa, chimatha kuwuma, koma kuchira msanga. Pakati panjira, chomera chimavutika kwambiri osati chisanu, koma chifukwa cha kusakhalako. Apurikoti amakhala ndi nthawi yocheperako, ndipo ma thala a nthawi yayitali mu February, kutuluka kwamapiko kumatha kuyamba. Kutsitsa kwotsatira kutentha kumawononga mitundu yambiri, koma Kuchita bwino kumakhalauma kukakhazikika nyengo yachisanu, ndipo duwa limapumira posachedwa chisanu.

Kutalika kwa mtengo wawung'ono (mpaka 3 m) kumachepetsa kuusamalira, korona samakhala wambiri. Kupindulitsa Kwabwino kumayambira mchaka cha 4 mutabzala. Pakati panjira, mbewu zimacha kumapeto kwa Ogasiti - koyambirira kwa Seputembara, masiku 12 mpaka 15 m'mbuyomu - m'chigawo cha Central Black Earth. Zipatso zokhala ndi phesi lalifupi zimamatirira nthambi. Zili zazing'ono kukula kuposa mitundu yakumwera, 25-30 g zokha, koma zimatha kukoma. Khungu limakhala lalanje wachikasu ndi bulashi. Guwa ndi wandiweyani, wofowoka ulusi. Mwalawo ndi wankhanza, wosavuta kuwapeza. Zipatso ndi zatsopano ndipo ndizoyenera kukonzedwa.

Zipatso za apricot. Kupambana ndikochepa, koma ndi kukoma kwabwino.

Kusankha malo ndikubzala apricot

Timasankha malo oti chomera chotetezedwa ndi mphepo ndikuwunika bwino ndi dzuwa. Ndikwabwino ngati malowa ali paphiri kuti zisawonongeke ndi mizu ndi pansi panthaka.

M'madambo otsika, apurikoti amathanso kubzala "m'phirimo" (mululu wa dothi lachonde lomwe limakhala lalitali ndi 0.5 m ndi mainchesi awiri).

M'madambo otsika, apurikoti amabzalidwa kuphiri lopangidwa mwapadera kuti madzi pansi asayandikire mizu

Kuphatikiza kwa apurikoti ndi mitengo ina kuyenera kuganiziridwanso. Mbewu za pome (apulo, peyala, quince) ndi zipatso zamiyala (yamatcheri, yamatcheri, plums, chitumbuwa) sizingawakhudze ngati angakulire motalikirana ndi 4-5 m, mabulosi abulosi (raspberries, currants) ayenera kuyikidwa kutali. Apurikoti sangakhale limodzi ndi pichesi.

Cha m'ma 80s chaka chathachi, amayi anga adabzala walnuts zinayi, pomwe imodzi yokha idamera. Panthawiyo, sanadziwe kukula kwa mtengowo komanso momwe zimakhudzira mbewu zina. Mmera udasinthidwa kumunda, pafupi ndi mpanda, ndipo apricot adabzala mita sikisi zaka ziwiri m'mbuyomu. Posakhalitsa zidadziwika kuti mtedza umapaka zonse zomwe zingatheke. Ndipo atafika pamwamba pa apurikoti, zosintha zazikulu zinayamba kuchitika ndi zotsalazo. Kuchuluka kwa zipatso kunayamba kuchepa, thunthu linapatuka, ndipo nthambi zinatalikirana ndi mtedzawo. Apurikoti anayamba kufota, kuwuma, komanso kudula.

Kubzala kumachitika bwino kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, nthawi yophukira isanayambe. Mutha kuchita izi kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira, koma m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia kapena mbande za Moscow simukhala ndi mizu komanso kukhwima nyengo isanayambike nyengo yozizira.

Ndikwabwino kukonza dzenje mu kugwa. Mpaka masika, dziko lapansi limasungunuka, motero sipadzakhala kuzama kwa khosi lozika, lomwe ndilosafunikira kwambiri pamtengo uliwonse.

Zambiri:

Apurikoti amakonda nthaka yachonde komanso yopanda chonde. Dothi lolemera lathanzi limatha kupititsidwa bwino powonjezera mchenga ndi peat (1: 1: 1). M'lifupi mwa dzenjelo muyenera kukhala masentimita 60-70, kuya - 70-80 masentimita. Kuti madziwo azithira, thirani miyala kapena zinyalala zosweka (7-10 cm), pamwamba pake pali phiri la dothi losakanizikana ndi manyowa kapena manyowa owola (2: 1) ndi kuphatikiza feteleza wama mineral (malinga ndi malangizo).
Kuyika m'madzi mu dzenje la apricot ndikofunikira
Pafupifupi 15-20 masentimita kuchokera pakatikati pa dzenje, tinakhazikitsa mtengo 50-60 masentimita okwera mbande za garter.
Timayesa mizu ya mbewu, iyenera kukhala yamoyo, yotanuka, yofiirira. Wosweka kapena wowonongeka kudula secateurs. Kuti tipeze moyo wabwinobwino tisanabzala, timayika mmadzirowo m'madzi ndi chowonjezera muzu kwa maola angapo (malingana ndi malangizo).
Tikhazikitsa mmera pakati pa dzenje, kuwongola mizu ndikugona ndi gawo limodzi dothi. Pang'onopang'ono ndi kuthira ndowa ziwiri zamadzi.
Mizu yomwe ili m dzenje iyenera kuwongoledwa
Mutadzula dothi lotsalira, liwathireni pansi pa mmera, mulipukutire ndikusintha mbali ya dzenjelo.
Ngati muli ndi chomera chomwe chimakhala ndi mizu yotsekedwa, ndiye kuti timachotsa mu beseni ndi chotengera, ndikuchiyika dzenje, ndikudzaza ndi dothi ndikuthirira.
Onetsetsani kuti khosi la mizu silakuzama. Kuchokera pamtunda, iyenera kukhala pamalo okwera masentimita 3-5.
Khosi la mizu singathe kuzama
Timangirira mtengowo kuchirikizo, ndikumatirira nthaka.

Zikakhala kuti mukubzala mbewu zingapo, ndiye kuti mtunda pakati pawo uzikhala wa 3-4 m.

Kugula mbande

Zomera ziyenera kugulidwa kwa ogulitsa odalirika. Anamwino amapereka mbewu zaka 2-3. Mizu yanu iyenera kukhazikitsidwa bwino, osati kupukuta, popanda kuwola; khungwa - lofiirira, lonyezimira, lopanda zotupa.

Kuti achulukitse nyengo ya chisanu ya apurikoti, imalumikizidwa m'matumba a plamu kapena ma plamu. Mukamasankha chomera, mverani izi.

Posachedwa, pali mbande zambiri zomwe zikugulitsidwa ndi mizu yotsekedwa (mumchombo). Zimawononga ndalama zambiri, koma mutabzala zimamera bwino. Mukamasankha, yang'anani boma la makungwa ndi nthambi. Yesani kukoka chomera m'chotengera. Ngati ikhoza kuchotsedwa mosavuta, ndiye kuti mumakhala ndi mmera wokhazikika, womwe umayikidwa mumtsuko musanagulitse. Mtengo ukakula mumtsuko, umachotsedwa ndi dothi lapansi.

Kanema: momwe mungasankhire mmera

M'mbuyomu, tidabzala ma apricots mu lamba wamtchire, ndipo adakololedwa ngati curators. Atangopeza mtengo wachichepere wokhala ndi zipatso zazikulu zokoma zokoma. Mtengowo watulutsa kale, motero, anali ndi zaka 6-7 kale. Pafupifupi mamita awiri ndi thunthu mulifupi mwake pafupifupi masentimita 6-8. Tidapita ndikuchichotsa kupita kanyumba. Panalibe chitsimikizo kuti mtengowo udzagwera mizu, chifukwa m'mene udakumba, mizu sinalinso mu thunthu lagalimoto. Amubzala kumayambiriro kwa Ogasiti. Kudabwitsidwa kwathu sikunadziwire malire pomwe nyengo yam'mapiri imaphukira. Anatenga mizu, namera ndikubereka zipatso kwa zaka zina khumi ndi zisanu, mpaka pa thawala la February ndipo mvula yozizira yomwe idafa idapha ambiri mwa mbewuzi m'chigawo chathu.

Zosamalidwa

Apurikoti amakonda kupukuta, kotero kuyesera "kuwotha" thunthu la dzinja, kulipukuta ndi udzu ndi burlap, kumavulaza kuposa zabwino. China chake chomera ichi ndikuti sichikhetsa mazira ambiri ngati mtengo wa ma apulo kapena maula. Zipatso zambiri zimakula, zomwe zimatha kubweretsa kuwonongeka kwa nthambi ndikuchepera chomera. Sinthani kuchuluka kwa thumba losunga mazira ndi kutulutsa.

Mavalidwe apamwamba

Zaka 3-4 zoyambirira, apurikoti amakhala ndi michere yokwanira yomwe imawonjezeka nthawi yobzala. Pambuyo pake, kamodzi pa zaka zitatu zilizonse, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera zofunikira organic, manyowa owola bwino (4 kg / m²) kapena kompositi (5-6 kg / m²) Zophatikiza michere zimawonjezeredwa pachaka. Chapakatikati, feteleza wokhala ndi nayitrogeni (kutengera 30-40 g / m²) amagawika m'magawo atatu: maluwa asanakhalepo, pambuyo pake, ndi pomwe m'mimba mumakhala kukula kwa mtola. Mchere wa potaziyamu (40-60 g / m²) zimayambitsidwanso mumiyeso itatu: nthawi yakupanga kenako ndikupuma kwa mwezi umodzi, ndikudzaza feteleza mu nkhokwe zosaya. Superphosphate imafunikira apurikoti isanafike maluwa, pambuyo pake ndi pamene mwakolola (25-30 g / m²).

Kuperewera kwa zinthu zakuthambo kumaweruzidwa ndi boma la mbewu. Bwezeretsani kuchepesa kwawo mwa kuvala zovala zapamwamba.

Gome: Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zikusowa ma apricot

Kanthu	Zizindikiro zakusowa	Zithandizo
Chuma	Masamba achidule okutidwa ndi mawanga.	Zithandiza kupopera masamba ndi chelate chachitsulo (malingana ndi malangizo) ndikutalika kwa masiku 8-10 mpaka zizindikilo za kuchepa.
Boron	Masamba ambiri amawonekera kumapeto kwa mphukira zazing'ono, kukula kumachepera. Pali maluwa ochepa, ndipo mawanga a bulauni amatha kuwonekera pa zamkati mwa zipatso.	2-3 nthawi yakula muyenera kuthirira mbewuyo ndi yankho la boric acid (1 tbsp. L. Pa malita 10 a madzi).
Manganese	Mapangidwe apadera a mauna kapena mottling amawonekera pamasamba.	Utsi ndi yankho la manganese sulfate: koyamba musanatupa kwa impso (500 g pa 10 malita a madzi), chachiwiri - zitatha kutuluka masamba (10 g pa 10 l yamadzi).
Magnesium	Chikaso choyambirira ndi kugwa kwa masamba m'munsi mwa korona, mawonekedwe a "mtengo wa Khrisimasi".	Mavalidwe apamwamba opaka pamwamba ndi magnesium sulfate 20 g pa 10 L ya madzi 3-4 nthawi ndi gawo la masiku 10-12.

Kuthirira

Zomera zazing'ono, makamaka mutangobzala, zimafunikira madzi ambiri kuposa mitengo ya akuluakulu. Thirirani kamodzi pakadutsa masiku 7 mpaka 7, komanso nyengo yotentha - pambuyo masiku 5-7, kenako ndikumasulidwa ndikulungunula bwalo. Kwa mitengo ikuluikulu, kuthirira anayi kuyenera kuchitika nthawi imodzi:

Kumayambiriro kwam'mawa, kutuluka kwamadzi kumayamba,
maluwa,
Masabata 2-3 nthawi yokolola isanakwane,
pakati - kumapeto kwa Okutobala.

Amathiriridwa mokwanira, m'magawo angapo, kotero kuti dziko lapansi limadzaza bwino ndi madzi mpaka akuya 2 m.

Kudulira

Kupangidwe kwa korona sikumangotengera kukongola kwa mtengowo, komanso thanzi:

Mukabzala, fupikitsa pamwamba pa mmera, kusiya kutalika kwa 30-50 cm.
Kasupe wotsatira, mphukira zitatu zamphamvu zimasankhidwa, zomwe zimapanga angle ya 45 ndi thunthu^za, ena onse - odulidwa.
Pamwamba panthambi zakumanzere timafupikitsidwa mpaka 30-30 cm, ndipo enawo awiri amadulidwa pamlingo wake. Mphukira wapakati uyenera kutulutsa masentimita 35 mpaka 40 pamwamba pa nthambi zamanzere. Iwo likukhalira woyamba gawo.
Chotsatira cham'mawa, mphukira zazitali zimafupikitsidwa ndi 1/3.
Kuwombera kwapakati kumadulidwa kumtunda kwa gawo loyambira pafupi 80-90 cm.
Kasupe wotsatira, nthambi zitatu zimasankhidwa, zomwe zimasunthika ndi zomwe zimapangidwira kutali ndi 10-15 cm kuchokera kwa iwo. Likukhalanso gawo lachiwiri. Pakatikati yapakati izi zidzakwanira.

Kapangidwe ka koronayo m'njira yopindika kumathandizira kuti mtengowo ukhale wabwino podutsa

Muzaka zotsatira, mphukira yopitilira imafupikitsidwa ngati kuli kofunikira. Nthambi zowongoleredwa molunjika komanso mkatikati kwa korona zimachotsedwa. Mtengowo ukakhala kutalika kwa 3 m, wochititsa wamkuluyo amadulidwira mbali yakumtunda yomwe ili pamwamba pa mphukira, pomwe mphukira yopingasa imadzakulanso. Muzaka zotsatila, kupatulira kofooka kokha ndikofunikira kuti mupewe kukula.

Kudulira mwaukhondo imakhala kumapeto kwa chilimwe, nthawi yophukira komanso mogwirizana ndi nyengo yanthawi. Zouma, chisanu, nthambi zodwala ndi zosweka zimachotsedwa. Kudulira kwa ukalamba kumapangidwira kuti pakhale zokolola zambiri. Mchomera wazaka 5-6, kukula kwa mphukira kumalepheretsa. M'dzinja, nthambi zingapo zakale zimachotsedwa, zomwe kunalibe zipatso, ndi nthambi zazing'ono zomwe zimakulitsa korona kapena kukula mwangozi.

Ngati mtengowo ndi wokalamba, ndiye kuti kudulira kukalamba kumachitika osati panthawi, koma m'magawo angapo, ndipo ntchitoyi idzatambalala kwa zaka 2-3. Zikakhala kuti nthambi zambiri zikachotsedwa nthawi imodzi, chomera chimafooka kwambiri, chimatha kufa nthawi yozizira kapena kuchira kwa nthawi yayitali.

Matenda ndi Tizilombo

Kupambana kwa Apricot kumalimbana ndi matenda, koma nthawi zina kumatha kukhudzidwa ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus kapena bakiteriya. Izi zimachitika pamene kudulira sikulondola, ming'alu imawonekera pakhungwa kuchokera ku chisanu, pomwe nyengo yakhala yotentha komanso yanyontho kwa nthawi yayitali kapena pali mtengo wodwala pafupi. Kuletsa kubwezeretsa mundawo mu nthawi yophukira ndi yophukira ndi Bordeaux madzi kapena kukonzekera kwa mkuwa kumathandizira kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda.

Gome: Kodi apurikoti angadwale

Matendawa	Zizindikiro zamakhalidwe	Njira zoyendetsera
Cytosporosis	Ma tubill-brown bulauni amawoneka pa kotekisi. Nthambi zimayamba kuuma ndi kufa.	Mphukira zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa ndikuwotchedwa. Malo odulidwa amathandizidwa ndi var var. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndi kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira, iwo amawaza ndi njira yankho la 1% ya Bordeaux fluid kapena mkuwa wa mkuwa (malinga ndi malangizo) kupewa.
Khansa ya bacteria	Zilonda zam'mimba zimapezeka pamtunda wamtunda, pomwe izi zimasanduka zofiirira ndikufa. Kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwa chingamu.	Madera omwe akukhudzidwawo amatsukidwa kuti akhale matabwa athanzi komanso yokutidwa ndi mitundu yaminda. Zotsalira zonse zachomera zimachotsedwa ndikuwotchedwa. Chapakatikati maluwa asanadutse komanso m'chilimwe atatuluka thumba losunga mazira, 1% imalapidwa, ndipo nthawi yakusowa - 3% Bordeaux madzi.
Moniliosis	Masamba ndi achinyamata amawombera bulauni, owuma. Zipatso zimakhudzidwa ndi zowola.	Amathandizidwa ndi Topsin M, Topaz kapena Strobi (malinga ndi malangizo). Mutha kuwonjezera sopo ochapira njira yothetsera kunyowa. Pazolinga za prophylactic, amawaza ndi 3% Bordeaux madzimadzi pa kutupa kwa impso. Mphukira zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimadulidwa ndikuwotchedwa.
Maonekedwe a bulauni	Mawonekedwe ansontho amawoneka pamasamba, amawuma ndikugwa.	Asanaphuke, mbewuzo zimaperekedwa ndi 3% yankho la Bordeaux fluid.
Kuzindikira kwa ma Gum	Imawoneka ngati khungwa lawonongeka ndi chisanu, tizirombo kapena matenda ambewu.	Malo owonongeka amathandizidwa ndi minofu yathanzi. Amathandizidwa ndi yankho la 1% yamkuwa wa sulfate ndipo wokutira ndi var vars.
Holey wowona	Malo ang'onoang'ono ofiira otuwa amawonekera pamasamba. Pambuyo pa masiku 10 mpaka 14, mabowo amakhazikika m'malo mwake. Kukula kwa chipatso kumasokonezeka, kumakhala koyipa.	Mtengowo umathiridwa mankhwala a Chorus kapena Mikosan (malinga ndi malangizo). Popewa, kumayambiriro kwa nthawi yophukira ndi nthawi yophukira, amathandizidwa ndi madzi a 3% Bordeaux.

Zithunzi Zithunzi: Matenda a Apricot

: Kuwona malo mozungulira kumakhudza masamba ndi zipatso

: Kuzindikira kwa Cameo kumawonekera pakawonongeka khungwa

: Moniliosis imatsogolera pakuuma kuchokera mu mphukira

Kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwa mitengo ya ma apricot kumachitika chifukwa cha tizirombo:

nsabwe za m'masamba. Ngati mukuwona kuti masamba omwe ali pamphepete mwa mphukira adayamba kupindika, ndiye kuti kumbuyo mumatha kuwona tizilombo tating'onoting'ono. Amamadya chakudya chomera. Nsabwe za m'masamba zimabala msanga kwambiri. Mitengo imatha kuthandizidwa ndi Karbofos, Fitoverm kapena Fufanon (malinga ndi malangizo). Panthawi yakucha, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi osafunika, chifukwa chake mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zitsamba zotsimikiziridwa. Mwachitsanzo, yankho la sopo wochapa. Grate bar imodzi pa coarse grater ndikudzaza ndi madzi (10 l). Pambuyo pa maola 2-3, sakani ndikuwaza mbewuzo;
kapepala ndi gulugufe wachichepere. Tizilomboti timakhala tachikasu zobiriwira ndipo timakhala ndi mutu wakuda (masentimita 12 mpaka 15) timadya masamba ndipo, titasenda, timangirirani ndi chubu. Kuchiza ndi Karbofos, Fufanon kapena Kemifos (malinga ndi malangizo) kumachitika mchaka nthawi ya budding;
njenjete - gulugufe wapakatikati. Zimbudzi zake ndi zofiirira zokhala ndi mikwaso yakuda kumbuyo, zimadyetsa masamba, masamba, mazira ndi masamba. Zomera zimagwiridwa ndi Karbofos, Fufanon kapena Kemifos (malinga ndi malangizo) kasupe nthawi yophukira;
codling moth ndi gulugufe wachichepere. Amaikira mazira m'maluwa otseguka. Amphaka amphimba kapena oyera ndi oyera mutu kumutu. Kuthandizira kwa mbewu kumachitika panthawi yomwe masamba amapezeka ndi yankho la Chlorophos (0%) kapena Entobacterin (0.5%).

Chithunzi chojambulidwa: tizirombo tomwe timawopseza mtengo wa ma apricot

: Chingwe cha mbewa chimadya masamba ndi masamba

: Kalata ya gulugufe imavulaza kwambiri

: Nsabwe za m'masamba zimakhazikika kumbuyo kwa tsamba

Ndemanga

Chilimwe chatha, ndinapeza apricot wazaka chimodzi wopambana "Kupambana" kwa Tula. Zinandipeza: "Ukaitcha yacht, inyamuka." Kupambana kwenikweni kwa bizinesi sikunakhulupiridwe kwenikweni, koma chomeracho sichinangojambulidwa kokha, komanso chinawonjezera kuwonjezeka koyenera. Kuchokera ku "sayansi" anangodziwa kuti kunali kofunikira kubzala m'malo otentha, makamaka nthaka yopepuka yosasunthika madzi. About "Kupambana" ndikudziwa kuti nthawi yozizira-yolimba, yoyambirira komanso yodziyimira yokha.
mariaark Moscow
//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=284798&subrub=anuelCF koloEBEEEEEEEGEEEEEEEGIEBWEEWASE

Kukoma kwake ndikabwino, pafupifupi zipatso zazikulu ndi 40 g. Sichikuwonongeka ndi matenda, koma pamaso pa moniliosis, iye, monga ma apricots ena, alibe mphamvu.Shuga akupeza bwino nafe. Izi sizikunena kuti kukoma sizikufanana ndi zabwino zakumwera, koma kwa Middle Strip ndizabwino kwambiri.
Anona
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=11652

Pafupifupi zaka 5, ma apricot opambana amakula bwino. Mtengo wamtali, wolimba, chilimwe ichi pafupifupi 3 makilogalamu a zipatso adasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kwa iwo, wokulirapo mokwanira komanso wokoma. Ku zabwino zonse, imakhalanso yodzilimbitsa.
Aprel
//www.websad.ru/archdis.php?code=707723

Apurikoti Bwino ndi mitundu ina yozizira kwambiri imakhala malo olemekezeka m'minda yamadera ambiri kumene iwo amangolota kale. Kudziwa mawonekedwe amtengowu, simudzalakwitsa mukamasamalira.