Mwana wosasinthika wamatcheri osiyanasiyana Amakula paminda ya minda ndi minda chifukwa cha zipatso zambiri ndi chisoti chachifumu. Olima odziwa zamaluwa a Central Black Earth dera komanso dera la Volga akudziwa bwino zipatso zamtundu wosiyanasiyana wa chipatso chosakhala bwino.
Kufotokozera kwa kalasi
Zosakanizidwa Zosiyanasiyana Mwanayo adadulidwa ndi obereketsa Saratov Kafukufuku wa Saratov mu 1995 pamene ankadutsa pamtundu wamatcheri ndi yamatcheri (Duke) ndi mbande za zipatso zoyambirira.
Cherry woyambirira ndi wamtali poyerekeza ndi mitundu yamtchire - mpaka 3 m, alibe zoposa 2-3 mphukira wa inflorescence ndi zipatso zokonda zamitundu yamatcheri. Katswiri wofiirira wofiira amapsa kwambiri, amawonekera pakati pa mitundu ina mwakuchulukitsa zipatso ngakhale pa mphukira za chaka chatha, mpaka zidutswa 10 za inflorescences zimachitika m'mimba limodzi. Mabulosi ake ndiwofatsa komanso okoma kwambiri. Makhalidwewa amaphatikizidwa bwino kwambiri pamtengowo wosakanizidwa.
Zipatso zimakhala ndizabwino kwambiri, zimayendetsedwa bwino, mbewuyo imagwirizana ndi chilala, imalekerera kutentha pang'ono.
Zofunika! Mwanayo ali ndi dzina lina - mwana wa Saratov.
Wosakanizidwa ali ndi mbewu yokhazikika (mpaka 25 kg pa mtengo uliwonse) ku Central Russia ndi madera akumwera. Pafupifupi ndi Urals ndi Transbaikalia, zipatso zimachitika mochedwa kuposa dera la Black Earth. Zotsatira zake, makilogalamu 5-15 kuchokera ku chomera chimodzi chokhwima.
Ku East East ndi Siberia, chifukwa cha chidwi chamaluwa, Makanda amabweretsa zokolola zokwana 8, nthawi zina mpaka 12 kg pa nyengo iliyonse. Koma chifukwa cha izi, ndikofunikira kupanga korona ndi njira yolowedwa, pomwe nthambi zake zimamera mozungulira ndikuteteza kuzizira ndi kuzizira.
Wophatikiza amaphatikiza mawonekedwe am'mera komanso kukoma kwa yamatcheri ndi yamatcheri. Chimawoneka ngati mtengo wamtali wamtali pakati, mpaka 2-2,5 m. Korona yoyambira imatha kuumbika mosavuta ndipo sikutanthauza kudulira kambiri mu April. Zomera zimayamba kubala zipatso mchaka cha 2-3. Zipatso zimacha kumayambiriro, pakati kapena kumapeto kwa June (kutengera dera).
Ubwino wa Mwana Wophatikiza Mtundu:
- kugwa chisanu;
- kugonjetsedwa ndi chilala;
- sikutanthauza kuvala kwapafupipafupi komanso kwanthawi zonse;
- koyambirira;
- Imapatsa mbewu yabwino nthawi yotentha komanso yonyowa.
Ngati malowo alibe mitengo yochepa ya zipatso, mwana wa Saratov sayenera kubzala. Popanda ma pollinators, chitumbuwa sichidzabala zipatso. Izi ndiye vuto lalikulu la mitunduyo - zimadzilola, kupukutira pamtanda kumafunikira kuti zipatso zipangidwe (mungu wochokera monga Turgenevka kapena Lyubskaya yamatcheri ubzalidwe pafupi) Drupe pa peduncle siligwira bwino, ndikutheka kukhetsa zipatso mutakhwima kwathunthu - wina kuphatikiza wosakanizidwa.
Cherry Cherry Baby ndi yoyenera kuzizira komanso kusunga
Zokolola zidzakhala zochulukirapo, ndipo mabulosiwo amapeza shuga wokwanira kuti malo osokedwa ndi dzuwa osankhidwa kuti adzalidwe, sipadzapezeka madzi apansi panthaka. Dongo sakonda dongo komanso dothi lamchenga. Pakakhala chonyowa, mbewuyo idzafa.
Kubzala Ana Amatcheri
Pakubzala, sankhani malo dzuwa lomwe latetezedwa ndi mphepo kuchokera kumadzulo kapena kumwera kwa dimba. Sayenera kubzala m'malo otsika pomwe chinyontho chimadziunjikira, komanso pamalo otsetsereka otseguka mpaka kukonzekera. Kuphatikizika kwa dothi kumakonda kupendekera pamchenga ndi kuwonjezera kwa humus, kupuma komanso kumasuka, njira yabwino yamatcheri ndi kusalozeka acidity.
Mtengowo umakhala womasuka momwe ungathere:
- pa nthaka yachonde, osati yolemera yokhala ndi dothi la humus;
- pamene pansi panthaka pali pafupifupi 1.5 m;
- patali ndi zipatso zina zosachepera 1.5-2 m;
- pafupi ndi nyumba zomwe zimateteza chitumbuwa ku mphepo.
Kuteteza mtengo wazipatso ndikofunika kwambiri kasupe ndi nthawi yozizira komanso chaka choyamba chodzala.
Tsambalo limakonzedwa pasadakhale, m'dzinja limakumba, ndikusakaniza nthaka ndi kuvala kwapamwamba - manyowa owola kapena ndowe. Pa 1 m2 Zitenga zidebe zitatu zokhala ndi organic, zomwe ziwonongeka kwathunthu nthawi yachisanu. 100 g ya phosphate rock kapena superphosphate ndi 100 g ya feteleza wa potashi amathanso. Kukonzekera kokhala ndi nayitrogeni sikuthandizira musanabzike.
Podzala, sankhani mbande zolimba ndi mizu yamphamvu, fufuzani mizu kuti ivunde, yomwe imayenera kuchotsedwa pa nthawi. Mmera palibe zaka zopitilira 2. Nthawi zambiri mmera uwu umakhala kutalika kwa mita imodzi ndi mitengo yokhwima.
Yesani masika ndi yophukira kubzala yamatcheri. Kusunga kwakanthawi kutengera nyengo. Kumagawo akum'mwera, mitengo idabzalidwa panthaka pakati pa yophukira isanayambike chisanu, nyengo yotentha ya msewu wapakati - mu Seputembala. Ku Siberia ndi Urals, yamatcheri amabzyala mchaka kuti mitengo imaphukire nthawi yachisanu.
Vidiyo: Kubzala yamatcheri m'dzinja
Ngati mmera wagulidwa mu kugwa, ndipo akukonzekera kuti abzale mchaka, amachiwumba nthawi yozizira. Kuti muchite izi, konzani mzere wozama ndi mamita 0.5 m'dera lomwe chipale chofewa chimakhala. Khoma lakumwera la poyambira limapangidwa pakatundu 30-30 ° ndipo mmera umayikidwamo, ndikufalitsa mizu yake bwino. Nthambi zizikhala moyang'ana kumwera. Madzi amathiridwa madzi ambiri ndipo mizu yake imakonkhedwa kumapeto. Dothi lokhazikika bwino limakutidwa ndi utuchi kapena masingano kuti muteteze ku chisanu ndi mbewa, pambuyo pake limaponyedwa ndi chipale chofewa. Mbewu imakimbidwa pomwe vuto la chisanu likudutsa, ndipo malo okhazikika amakonzedwa.
Mtengowo udabisidwa pansi ndikuwungika
Kutentha, yamatcheri obzalidwa kumapeto kwa Marichi - koyambirira kwa Epulo, chisanu chitasungunuka ndikuwopseza chisanu kwadutsa. Musanabzala, pendani bwino bwino mizu ndikuchotsa zouma ndi kucha, kenako mmera umatsitsidwa mumtsuko ndi madzi ndikuwonjezera kukula (mwachitsanzo, Kornevin). Mizu yake imadzaza ndi madzi pafupifupi maola 3-4.
Ntchito:
- Dzenje lakuya masentimita 60 ndi mainchesi 80 limakumbidwa pasadakhale, kwa masabata 1-2, kuti dziko lapansi likhazikike pang'ono. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuzika mizu kwambiri, chifukwa izi zimachepetsa kukula kwa chitukuko cha chitumbuwa, ndipo kubzala kochepa kwambiri kumayambitsa kuuma kwa mizu ndikusowa kwa michere.
- Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa alimbikitsa kuti azikaika muzu wa manyowa osakanizika ndi dongo ndi manyowa, ndikumira kwa mphindi 10-15. Khomali yamtengo yothandizira imayikidwa pakatikati pa dzenje. Mizu imawongoka ndikuwongola mbali, thunthu liyenera kukhala lopendekera ku dothi kenako nthawi yomweyo khalani kumbali yakumpoto kwa chithandizo.
- Nthaka yobzala imasakanikirana ndi feteleza wachilengedwe komanso mchere: pafupifupi makilogalamu 10 a manyowa owola kapena ndowe zimaphatikizidwa ndi 500 g ya phulusa lamatabwa, losakanizika bwino ndi 100 g ya superphosphate ndi 50 g ya potaziyamu kloridi. Zowonjezera zochepa zimasakanizika ndi dothi lapansi; mmera utayikidwa dzenje, mizu yake imakonkhedwa pamwamba ndi dothi losakaniza ndi zina zowonjezera.
Mizu yofooka bwino
- Denga lakumtunda la dzenje limapangidwa, mtengo wachichepere umamangidwa kuti uthandizike. Khosi la thunthu limasiyidwa kutalika kwa masentimita 3-4 kuchokera panthaka, pakapita nthawi, nthaka yomwe ili mdzenje idzakhazikika ndipo mmera udzagwa.
Cherry iyenera kukhazikika pansi mwamphamvu komanso mwamphamvu
Cherry imathiriridwa mokwanira, ndikupanga poyambira chinyontho. Dothi lomwe lili mdzenjemo liyenera kukhala pansi pazoyala za malowo, pomwepo dothi limadzunjikira pamalo oyambira ndikuyamwa.
Pamwamba pa mizu mumadzaza ndi dothi kapena udzu wouma, izi zithandiza kusunga chinyezi komanso kupewa kutumphuka. Kuthirira kwotsatira kudzafunikira pakukhazikitsa zipatso ndikukhwima, ndipo nthawi yotentha, ndikofunikira kuthirira mtengowo pafupipafupi ndi masabata awiri.
Kukula Zinthu
Tekinoloji yaulimi imaphatikizapo zochitika wamba:
- kuthirira;
- kuvala kwapamwamba;
- kudula ndi kumasula;
- kudulira
- kuwongolera tizilombo.
Ngakhale kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana imakana kuthana ndi chilala, kuthilira nthawi ndi nthawi kofunikira pambuyo podzala kuti mupeze mizu yabwinobwino, pakakhala masiku otentha, otentha chilimwe, zipatso zikathiridwa. Ngati mvula yamvula nthawi yamaluwa, kuthirira sikuyenera kucheperachepera, koma onetsetsani kuti mumasula dothi ndikuchotsa namsongole mozungulira.
Kuti mudziwe bwino muzu ndi mpweya komanso chinyezi, dothi lozungulira chimtengo limachotsa mosamala ndi kumasulidwa
Mulching of the pafupi-tsinde bwalo ndi udzu, utuchi, paini ndi spruce singano amakhudza bwino kukula ndi kusunga chinyezi. Nthawi zina ziwiri pakulimbikitsidwa kuti mulimere komanso kuti nthaka isungunuke, izi zimalepheretsa tizirombo tambiri kudzikundana ndipo timaletsa kuthilira kwamadzi m'nthaka mozungulira mtengo.
Kuvala kwapang'onopang'ono ndikofunikira kwambiri pakukula bwino kwa mitengo. Z feteleza zonse zachilengedwe komanso michere zimasankhidwa, nthawi ndi nthawi kutengera mtundu wa mtengowo. Chovala choyambirira chapamwamba mu kasupe chimaphatikizapo nayitrogeni. Itha kukhala urea kapena ammonium nitrate. Masamba asanaphuke, kuvala mizu kumachitika, ndiye kuti zinthu zina zimasungunuka m'madzi (10-15 g pa ndowa 10) ndikuthirira dothi pafupi ndi thunthu.
Pambuyo kuthirira mozungulira thunthu ndi feteleza wosungunuka wa mchere, wamaluwa akulangizidwa kuti azithiranso madzi (zidebe ziwiri za madzi) kuti yankho liperekedwe bwino m'nthaka.
Feteleza wa nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous amalimbikitsidwa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri pa nyengo
Pambuyo maluwa, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wachilengedwe. Njira imodzi ndi kompositi yomwe inavunda, yomwe imagawidwa padziko lapansi. Manyowa kapena ndowe, zomwe zimasungunuka ndi madzi, ndikuphatikiza nkhuni phulusa kumathandizira kukula kwa mphukira ndikuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa thumba losunga mazira. Kuphatikizikako kumapezeka ndi kuphatikiza gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a manyowa kapena ndowa ndi madzi akukhazikika. Kusakaniza kumalimbikitsidwa kwa masiku 7-10. Momwemo kulowetsedwa kumadzipaka (1 lita imodzi pachidebe chamadzi) ndikuthiriridwa pamlingo wa malita 10 akusesa pa 1 mita2.
Njira inanso yovalira muzu ndi foliar ndizokonzekera zovuta zomwe zimagulidwa m'masitolo apadera. Amapanga ndikudyetsa chitumbutsocho malinga ndi malangizo. Feteleza umalowetsedwa pansi pokumba kapena mawonekedwe amadzimadzi mumtunda wozungulira. Pambuyo pakupanga zipatso, Mwanayo amadyetsedwa ndi feteleza wa nayitrogeni wokhala ndi organic (unavunda manyowa kapena manyowa obiriwira). Mukatha kukolola, kukhomera kumathandiza kuchepetsa nthaka acidity. M'dzinja, feteleza wowuma wa potashi-phosphorous amamuyika, ndikuwabalalitsa mozungulira mtunda wonsewo, ndikutsatira ndikukumba dothi lakuya masentimita 10. Mu nthawi yophukira, kukonzekera kwa nayitrogeni sikumayikidwa.
Malamulo ena ophatikiza feteleza:
- mitengo yazipatso nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi kuchepa kwa chitsulo ndi nayitrogeni, chifukwa chake mbewuzo zimathandizidwa ndi sulfate yamkuwa ndikupanga urea (urea);
- kudyetsa phulusa la chitumbuwa (1.5 makilogalamu pa 1 mita2) kulemeretsa nthaka ndi michere;
- kusowa kwa calcium kumalipidwa ndi choko.
Chinsinsi china posamalira wosakanizidwa ndikudulira, popanda mbewu yachuma chaka chilichonse yomwe sitingayembekeze. Mukangobzala, mmerawo umafupikitsidwa ndikudula mphukira zachikwama. M'chaka cha 2, mphukira zowonjezera zimadulidwa, ngati kuli koyenera, kufupikitsidwa ndi 1/3. Ndikofunikira kupanga korona wa mtengo nthawi yomweyo. Ngati ndi kotheka, kudulira mwaukhondo kudula nthambi yonse, osati kuthawa. Mphukira za zipatso za chaka chamawa zimapangidwa pa mphukira, kotero kuti sizingadulidwe mwachisawawa.
Kudulira kwanyengo kumawonetsedwa pambuyo pakupanga kutentha kwapakati paliponse:
- Nthawi zambiri, kudulira kumachitika kumapeto kumapeto kwa Marichi - kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, nthambi zosafunikira, zowuma, zodwala zimachotsedwa.
- M'chilimwe, ndikofunikira kudula nthambi chifukwa chakukulitsa kwambiri kapena ngati zizindikiro zoyambirira za matenda zimawonekera.
- Kudulira kwa masamba kumaonedwa kuti ndi kopanda ukhondo, chotsani zowola, zodwala komanso zouma.
- M'nyengo yozizira, kudulira nkoletsedwa.
Zaka zisanu zilizonse, mphukira wazaka 4 zimachotsedwa, popeza kuchuluka kwa thumba losunga mazira kumachepa pa iwo. Kudulira koteroko kumachulukitsa zipatso komanso kumachepetsa korona. Mtengo wakale umaberekanso ndipo udzabala zipatso bwino.
Cherry Baby pamtengo wamtali
Chonde ndi chomera chomwe chimakhala ndi mizu ya amayi omwe amalumikizidwa kumtengo kapena nthambi yokhala ndi mphukira yokhazikika, yomwe imatha kupititsa patsogolo mitundu ya mitundu yonse iwiri.
Kusiyana kwa Khanda pamtunda wamtunda kuchokera kumera (muzu) wa mmera wa Khanda kumawonetsedwa muubwino monga:
- kukana zoyipa zachilengedwe;
- pafupifupi kusowa kwathunthu kwa mizu;
- chibadwa homogeneity cha chuma chambiri.
Mwana wakhanda lodzala chidebe amatha kubereka mbewu yomwe imapitilira unyinji wobiriwira wamtengowu mosiyanasiyana - izi zimasiyanitsa mitundu ndi mitundu yayitali ya zipatso zomwe zimakula kwambiri. Chowonjezera chimafupikitsa nthawi yodikira mbewu yoyamba. Kuchepa kubzala chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwake komanso kuthekera kwa kuthirira kwathanzi ndi kusamalira mitengo kumawonjezeranso zabwino. Kuphatikiza apo, masheya ali ndi mizu yaying'ono, motero pansi pamadzi samuopa; Ndipo korona wang'ono sadzalola nthambi kuthyola zipatso.
Bonsai satenga malo ambiri
Matenda ndi tizirombo: njira zazikulu zothetsera vutoli
Ngakhale kukana kwamtundu wamtundu ku matenda odziwika kwambiri a fungus ndi bakiteriya, Khandalo limatha kutengeka ndi anthracnose, limagwidwa ndi kachilombo ka sera ndi nsabwe za m'maso. Kutengera ndi dera lomwe chikhalidwecho chimakula, pali:
- moniliosis;
- kleasterosporiosis;
- chingamu.
Popewa, ndikofunikira kumasula dothi bwino nthawi 2-3 pachaka kuti muwononge mphutsi ndi tizilombo tokhala pafupi ndi tsinde. Mu nthawi yophukira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuchotsa masamba owola panthawi ndikuchotsa nthambi zomwe zakhudza madera pa khungwa.
Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi imodzi mwa njira zowongolerera tizilombo tating'onoting'ono pa ma cherries:
- kasupe, chithandizo chimachitika isanayambike maluwa ndi Bordeaux madzi ndi sulfure molingana ndi malangizo motsutsana ndi mphere ndi mphutsi za tizilombo tosiyanasiyana;
- Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumayenera kuchitika pambuyo pa kugwa kwa masamba ndi kukonzekera kwokhala ndi chitsulo ndi Inta-Vir - yolimbana ndi mphutsi zomwe zimayikidwa pansi pa makungwa nthawi yachilimwe, komanso matenda ovuta.
Ndondomeko ya kupopera imadalira nyengo ndi nyengo. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kawirikawiri mankhwala othandizira amatha kuvulaza.
Amatcheri a Anthracnose atha kubweretsa kutaya kwa 70% ya mbewu
Ogwira ntchito zamaluwa aluso amadziwa kuti kutsuka masamba a mitengo yazipatso kumateteza kumatenda komanso kuteteza tizirombo. Ndondomeko itha kuchitidwa nyengo yachisanu isanakwane. Monga lamulo, wosakanizidwa ndi laimu, kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi, kapena utoto wopakidwa kunyumba. Kukonzekera njira yotereyi, tengani 300 g yamkuwa sulphate ndi 2 kg ya laimu kapena choko, kusambitsa chilichonse mu 10 l madzi. Pogwiritsa ntchito burashi wakuda, yankho lake limagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pa khungwa la tsinde. Kuti mukwaniritse bwino, izi zimachitika bwino nyengo yadzuwa.
Kuteteza mtengowo kuchokera kumiyendo yaying'ono ndi maudzu, thunthu limakulungidwa ndi burlap kapena zinthu zina "zopumira".
Ndemanga
Cherry "Saratov mwana" tikuyenderera, ndipo inu china chakumpoto!
Wokhalamo chilimwe, kanyumba m'dera la Samara
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Ndipo ndidabzala mwana m'njira yoti bwalo limamuteteza kumpoto, ndipo zobiriwira pang'ono zimazungulira ndikuteteza ku mphepo zochokera kum'mwera. Chifukwa chake, kukana, ndikhulupirira kuti zitha kupulumutsa ...
Nyumba yam'chilimwe m'chigawo cha Laishevsky ku Tatarstan
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Khandalo, mwachionekere, lidapukutidwa bwino ndi winawake - mosiyana ndi zipatso zanga zonse, zonse zinali za zipatso. Zipatso ndi zazikulu, kucha kwambiri - mu Julayi. Mwambiri - Ndinkazikonda kwambiri!
Lena K.
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Kubwerera ku chitumbuwa, ndikufuna kunena kuti chaka chino ndalandira zokolola zoyambirira. Makanda Osiyanasiyana ndi abwino kwa aliyense, - chitumbuwa chachikulu, chonunkhira bwino, mitengo imagwirizana kwambiri ndi coccomycosis ndi monilia, yopanga zipatso zambiri, - kuyambira ana azaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zakubadwa pafupifupi mabatani anayi, nthawi yozizira kwambiri.
Ella
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Mtengo pang'ono wamtchire Mwana wakhanda pakati pamaluwa amapanga zipatso chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa nthawi iliyonse. Kuchita zipatso kumakhala kokhazikika ngati musankha malo abwino obzala komanso mutabzala zipatso zamitundu ina pafupi. Mtundu wocheperako umatha kupirira mpaka 20 kg wa zipatso.
