Nepentes ndioyimira zachilendo wazomera wokhala ndi nyama yomwe imadya. Kuphatikiza pa chakudya chokhazikika, amafunikira tizilombo, omwe timam'gaya mumtsuko wake. Mitunduyi ndi ya banja la dzina lomwelo Pentes. Zimapezeka ku Asia ndi malo otetezeka ku Pacific (kuyambira Kalimantan kupita ku Australia ndi Madagas). Chodabwitsa chodabwitsa chidzakopa chidwi ndikupanga chisangalalo padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, kuti chomera chiwulule mu ulemerero wake wonse, ndikofunikira kutsatira malamulo osamalira.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Mtundu waku Nepentes, mipesa yamtchire, zitsamba ndi zitsamba zimapezeka. Chomera chimakhala ndi udzu wochepa thupi, udzu womwe umapangira pang'onopang'ono. Nthawi zambiri, ma nepenthes amakhala pafupi ndi mitengo yayitali. Mphukira zawo zimatha kukula mamita makumi ambiri kudutsa m'nthaka zazitali zamvula zomwe zimayang'ana dzuwa. Nepent kunyumba ndizongotalika 50-60 cm.
Pa nthambi zazing'ono pali masamba wamba owoneka bwino. Pepala lamasamba limakhala ndi mawonekedwe owumbika, m'mbali yosalala komanso malekezero. Msempha wapakati ukuoneka bwino pamwamba pa pepalalo. Nthawi zina m'mphepete mwa masamba amatembenukira pinki pang'ono pansi pa dzuwa.
Mtengo Nepentes adasintha gawo lamasamba ndikugaya chakudya. Amatenga mawonekedwe ozunguliridwa ndikufanana ndi mitsuko yaying'ono yokhala ndi chivundikiro chotsegula. Pakupanga masamba, patimadzuwa timadzaza ndi msuzi wa masamba wokhala ndi michere yokumba kwa zinthu zamoyo. Kutalika kwa chidebe cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kosiyana kwambiri. Itha kukhala 2.5-50 cm.Malo akunja ali ndi utoto wowala, amatha kukhala obiriwira, lalanje, bulauni, pinki kapena ofiira. Khosi limakongoletsedwa ndi zophukira zazing'ono zazing'ono. Tizilomboti tikalowa mkatimo, timayimbidwa, ndipo timadzimadzi timene timagwira ngati feteleza.
Nthawi ndi nthawi, maluwa ang'onoang'ono amatuluka m'mizere ya masamba. Zilibe ma petals ndipo zimakhala ndi manda ndi ma anther. Pambuyo maluwa, mabokosi ang'onoang'ono ambewu amapsa. Mbewu za cylindrical mwa iwo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi magawo owonda.
Mitundu ya ku Nepentes
Mwachilengedwe, mitundu ya mitundu yokwana 120 ya zolembedwa. Mitundu ina makamaka yokongoletsa ndi yomwe imakulidwa mu chikhalidwe.
Nepentes Alata (wamapiko). Mphukira imatha kukula ma 4 m kutalika, imakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira amtundu wa lanceolate. Maenje osaka omwe ali ndi mainchesi 5-8 ndi omwe ali ndi khungu lowoneka bwino. Anthu ambiri aku Philippines.
Nepentes Madagascar. Chitsamba chokhala ndi masamba 60-90 masentimita pamwamba chimakutidwa ndi masamba obiriwira a lanceolate pamwamba. Pansi pa korona, rasipiberi amakono ngati 25 cm kutalika pa flagella yopyapyala.
Nepentes Attenborough. Mtengowo umapanga chitsamba chotalika mpaka mamita 1.5. Masamba a chikopa pamtunda waufupi kwambiri amakonzedwanso. Pitchers imakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu (mpaka malita 1.5). Kutalika kwawo ndi 25 cm ndipo mainchesi awo ndi 12 cm.
Nepentes Raflesi. Mitengo yayitali yazomera imakutidwa ndi masamba akuluakulu pa petioles. Kukula kwa pepalali ndi 40-50 cm m'litali ndi 8-10 cm mulifupi. Kunja, msuziwo uli ndi mtundu wobiriwira wobiriwira ndipo umakutidwa ndi mawanga ofiira. Mkati, imakhala yosalala. Kutalika kwa msuzi ndi 10 cm masentimita ndipo mainchesi ndi 7-10 cm.
Nepentes Raja. Zosiyanasiyana zimatengedwa ngati zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zilipo. Mphukira za zokwawa zokwawa zimatha kukula 6 m kutalika. Masamba akuluakulu a petiole, limodzi ndi tinyanga totalika, amapezeka pamphukira pamtunda wofanana. Majegi a Burgundy kapena ofiirira ndi 50 cm kapena kupitilira.
A Nepent adachepa. Kugawidwa paphiri lotseguka za. Mindanao (Philippines). Pansi pamasamba akulu, achikopa omwe ali ndi malekezero akulu ndiye mapanga akulu amtundu wonyezimira. Kutalika kwake kumatha kufika 50 cm.
Njira zolerera
Duwa la Nepentes limatha kufalitsidwa ndi kudula apical kapena mbewu. Kubalalitsa zamasamba kumawonedwa kuti ndi kosavuta kwambiri. Kuyambira Januwale mpaka Epulo odulidwa okhala ndi masamba angapo odulidwa. Dulani limapangidwa pang'ono pansi pa pepalalo kuti mwendo pang'ono ukhale. Zidutswa za moss-sphagnum zimayikidwa mumphika wawung'ono ndipo tsinde limayikidwamo ndi waya. Sungani mbewu pamalo otentha (+ 25 ... + 30 ° C) ndipo nthawi zina uzipaka kuchokera ku mfuti yokula. Mizu imatenga masabata 4-6. Ma nepent achikulirewo amawasinthira mumphika wokhazikika.
Mitundu yofanana ndi ya Liana imatha kufalitsidwa ndi kuyala kwa mpweya. Kuti muchite izi, gawo la khungwa la mphukira yosinthika imachotsedwa ndipo mpesawo udakankhidwira pansi. Pakatha milungu ingapo, mizu imayamba ndipo kuyambika kumatha kulekanitsidwa ndi chomera.
Kuchulukitsa kwa mbeu kuyenera kuchitidwa mukangopeza. Zofesedwa m'mabokosi ang'onoang'ono osakaniza sphagnum moss ndi mchenga. Chotetezacho chimasungidwa pamalo otentha komanso otentha (+ 22 ... + 25 ° C). Kuwombera kumawonekera pambuyo pa miyezi 1.5-2.
Zinthu Zogulitsa
Nepentes imayikidwa mchaka chilichonse zaka 1-2. Ndondomeko iyenera kuchitika mosamala kwambiri kuti isawononge mizu yoyambira. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuchita izi mwa njira yodutsa matope. Ndikwabwino kugwiritsa ntchito miphika yamatope akuya. Dothi la Nepentes liyenera kukhala ndi izi:
- sphagnum moss (magawo 4);
- CHIKWANGWANI cha coconut (magawo atatu);
- makungwa a paini (magawo atatu).
Gawo limodzi perlite ndi peat akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku osakaniza. Zigawo zonse zimayenera kuzimiririka musanagwiritse ntchito.
Malamulo Osamalira
Kusamalira Nepent kunyumba kunyumba kumafuna luso. Zomera sizitchedwa kuti zopanda ulemu, izi zimayenera kusamalidwa mosamala.
Kuwala Anthu amitundu ina amakonda chikondi. Kuchokera pakuwala kwadzuwa, makamaka pachilimwe, mufunika chitetezo. Ndikokwanira kupeta zenera ndi nsalu yotchinga kapena gauze. Masana masana a chomera chaka chonse azikhala maola 15-16, ngati kuli kotheka, gwiritsani ntchito nyali ya masana.
Kutentha Kutentha kokwanira kwa mpweya mchipinda momwe ma nepentes amakulira ndi + 22 ... + 26 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, kuzizira pang'ono kumaloledwa (+ 18 ... + 20 ° C). Ngati matenthedwe agwera pansi + 16 ° C, woyezera akhoza kufa. Palibe chifukwa chochepetsera kutentha pang'ono. Nthawi yopuma imadziwika ndi kuchepa kwa maola masana komanso chinyezi.
Chinyezi Wokhala m'malo otentha amafunika chinyezi chachikulu (70-90%). Nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kupopera mbewuzo ndikuyiyika pafupi ndi zotengera zamadzi. Malo abwino akhoza kukhala dimba lozizira, momwe nyengo zofunikira zimakhazikika nthawi zonse.
Kuthirira. Kuthirira Nepentes nthawi zambiri. Dothi liyenera kukhala lonyowa pang'ono. Ndikofunika kupewa kuthamanga kwamadzi. Madziwo ayenera kukhala ofunda ndikutsukidwa bwino. Zodetsa zochuluka za mchere zomwe zimayambitsa kukula zimawonongera kukula.
Feteleza. Panthawi yogwira ntchito, tikulimbikitsidwa kudyetsa anthu aku Nepentes ndi feteleza wa mchere wa michere ya m'nyumba. Njira yothetsera vutoli imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthaka kawiri pamwezi. Mapangidwe asafe a nayitrogeni ayenera kusankha.
Kudyetsa zimbudzi. Kukula kwabwinoko komanso kukula, ma nepentes amafunikira zakudya zamagulu. Tizilombo touluka (ntchentche, udzudzu, akangaude) kapena mphutsi zawo (wamagazi) zimayikidwa mumiseche. Ndikokwanira "kudyetsa" theka la mitsuko kamodzi pamwezi.
Ndikofunika kukumbukira kuti madzi omwe amakhala ndi ma enzymes amapangidwanso mumtsuko kokha pakapangidwa. Ngati madzi atha, sangathe kuibwezeretsa ndipo sikofunikira kudyetsa chimbudzi. Kuti muwonjezere moyo wa tsamba, mutha kuthira madzi osungunuka. Komabe, imawuma pamaso pa onse.
Kudulira. Nepent imalimbikitsidwa kutsina ndi kudulira nthawi ndi nthawi. Kenako chomera sichingatambasule kwambiri ndikusungira korona wokongola. Kudulira kumalimbikitsanso mapangidwe azimbe. Nthawi yoyamba njirayi ikuchitika pambuyo pa kukula kwa tsamba lachisanu ndi chimodzi. Mitundu yokhala ngati ya Liana imafunika thandizo.
Tizilombo. Nthawi zina nsabwe za m'masamba ndi mealybugs zimakhazikika pa korona. Cholinga cha izi chikhoza kukhala mpweya wouma kwambiri. Kuchokera majeremusi amayenera kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
