Scilla (scilla): kubzala ndi kusamalira m'munda

Scilla kuthengo ndi wamba. Kufalikira ku Asia, Europe ndi Africa. Zimaphatikizapo maluwa amtundu uwu mpaka mitundu 90. Zimadziwika kuti mitundu 20 ya zomera zimenezi zimakhala m'madera omwe kale anali USSR.

Zamkatimu:

• Kubzala m'munda
• Kusankha kwauni
• Dothi lodzala mabelu
• Tekeni yamakono
• Mbewu
• Kubzala masamba
• Zapadera za kusamalira nkhuni zooneka ngati belu
• Kuthirira
• Kuyankha kuti mudyetse
• Momwe mungapangire Scylla pachimake pa March 8 ndi maholide ena (kukakamiza)

Tsatanetsatane wa scilla

Scylla ndi chomera chosatha cha banja la Hyacinth. Mbalame ya Scilla imamera kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, chisanu chimasungunuka, ndipo kutentha kumafika madigiri 7-10.

Mukudziwa? Chomera ichi ndi ephemeroid. Lili ndi zakudya zowonjezera mu babu ndipo zimathera moyo wawo wonse pansi, pamene nyengo ikukula mpaka mwezi umodzi.

Nkhumbazo zimakula mwamphamvu, masamba amayamba kuwoneka, amatsatiridwa ndi masamba, omwe amamera pambuyo pa Scylla amakafika pachimake. Mbali yaikulu ya mitunduyi imamera maluwa asanayambe kuphuka m'mitengo. Koma pali mitundu yomwe imatuluka m'chilimwe kapena m'mawa. Nthawi zambiri kuti kukongoletsera iwo kukula kasupe mitengo scree, autumn si wotchuka pankhaniyi.

Scylla amakula pa malo osiyana:

• mu nkhalango zakuda;
• mu steppe;
• m'mapiri;
• nkhalango;
• m'madera akumapiri, mpaka mamita 3600.

Tiyeni tiyankhule za momwe nkhuni zimawonekera. Ngakhale kuti Scylla ali ndi mitundu yambiri, iwo onse ndi ofanana. Mbalameyi imakhala ndi masamba ambirimbiri ndi mitsempha yofanana. Babu - chinthu chachikulu cha zakudya ndi kubereka kwa mbewu. Maluwa ndi ray symmetry, ali ndi buluu, buluu kapena mtundu woyera ndi mithunzi yosiyana. Bokosi la zipatso lomwe limapezeka pambuyo pa maluwa lili ndi mbewu zing'onozing'ono.

Mukudziwa? Scylla ndi dzina la sayansi la Proleska. Amachokera ku liwu lakale lachi Greek la skilla, lomwe limatchedwa chomera, zomwe poyamba zinali za mtundu uwu.

Zokongoletsera, mitundu yambiri ya Scilla imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri:

• Scilla sibirica - lotembenuzidwa ngati Scylla Siberia. Iyo idalimidwa mu zaka za XVIII. Mitundu yomwe idalengedwa chifukwa cha mitundu iyi ili ndi mtundu wofiira, wofiira, wofiirira. Maluwa nthawi zina amapita ku inflorescence pa masamba atatu kapena osakwatira, pachimake kumapeto kwa April.

• Scilla bifolia pomasulira - Scylla kawiri. Mbewu yaifupi, yobiriwira imakhala ndi fungo losangalatsa, lodziwika bwino. Nkhumba zimasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences, zomwe zingakhale ndi maluwa 15. Anali kulima m'zaka za m'ma 1600. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imaphulika yoyera, pinki, yotumbululuka buluu, yakuda buluu.

• Scilla hyacinthoides pomasulira ndi proleska ya mtundu wa hyacinth, ili ndi masamba ambiri mu inflorescence, omwe ali ndi padera pa nthawi ya maluwa - choyamba maluwa amamera, pang'onopang'ono maluwawo amapita. Peduncle imatha kutalika kwa kukula kwa malemba - 80 cm.

• Scilla litardierei - amatchedwa amethyst kapena meadow glades. Ma Balkan amatengedwa kukhala malo a mitundu ya zomera. Mtundu uwu umalimidwa zaka zoposa 200 zapitazo. Maluwa amapezeka, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina, kumayambiriro kwa June. Blossom nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi buluu ndi utoto wofiirira. Maluwa amasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu akuluakulu, omwe amatha kufika mpaka makumi asanu ndi awiri.

• Scilla bucharica - wotchedwa Pushkinia kapena Bukhara Scylla. Mwachilengedwe, imakula m'madera akumidzi. Chomeracho chimakhala chochepa kwambiri mpaka 15 cm mu msinkhu. Maluwa osakanikirana omwe ali ndi maluwa amakhala ndi mtundu wabuluu.

• Scilla peruviana kumasulira ndi tsamba la mphesa. Chilengedwe - Portugal. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwakhama kuti azikongoletsera komanso amakondwera ndi zokongola komanso zokongola. Ma inflorescences amakhala ndi maluwa 100 a sing'anga kukula (mpaka 2 cm), omwe ali pa peduncle, kufika kutalika kwa masentimita 40. Mtundu wa maluwa a zomera zomwe zimalima ukhoza kukhala woyera, wakuda buluu, buluu, mitundu yofiira.

• Scilla campanulata, kapena scape ya belu yoboola. Maluwa okongola omwe ndi ovuta kukula kunyumba. Scylla amatchedwa dzina la maluwa, lofanana ndi belu. Mtundu wa chomera chodetsedwa ndi buluu ndi maonekedwe osiyanasiyana: zoyera, pinki, zofiirira. Maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa May. Mng'alu wa scape wakula kwambiri, kubzala ndi kusamalira ndi ntchito yovuta, zotsatira zake zomwe sitingathe kuzilosera.

Kubzala m'munda

Kukula maluwa okongolawa kunyumba sikovuta. Chinthu chachikulu ndikudziwa nthawi, malo ndi momwe mungayesere scilla kuti mupereke zonsezi kuti zikhale bwino ndikukula bwino. Chifukwa chakuti pali mitundu yambiri ya Scylla yomwe ingabzalidwe m'munda, zina zimakhala zosiyana. Koma tidzakambirana bwino momwe zinthu zidzakwaniritsire mtundu wonse wa scilla.

Maluwa ambiri amkokomo ndi olimba komanso odzichepetsa. Kuti nyengo yozizira ikhale yolimba, imaphatikizapo mitengo yamaluwa, tulips, crocuses, maluwa. Gladiolus, lila la calla ndi dahlias zimakhala zozizira kwambiri. M'madera ozizira, amafunika kukumbidwa chaka chilichonse ndikusungiramo m'nyengo yozizira, kuzibzala m'munda wamaluwa.

Kusankha kwauni

Scylla amamva bwino pamalo owala. Mitengo yam'mlengalenga imatha kukulirakulira, imakhala ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa kuposa mitundu ya chilimwe ndi yophukira. Komanso oyenera kukula penumbra. Mu mthunzi nkhalango idzakula, koma njirayi idzagwedezeka, ndipo maluwa sadzakhala ochuluka ngati dzuwa. Choncho, n'zotheka kudzala Scylla m'minda yomwe mitengo ndi nthambi zawo zimapanga penumbra, kapena pogona pabedi.

Dothi lodzala mabelu

Nkhumba sizingakhale zosangalatsa kwambiri pakuwona nthaka, komabe nthaka yabwino kwambiri yobzala Scylla ndi yolemera muzinthu zakufa, zomwe ziri ndi humus kuchokera masamba ndi mineral components. Kubzala m'munda wanu kukulimbikitsidwa kuti muwonjezere dothi laling'ono, lomwe lili ndi makungwa a mitengo ndi humus. Scylla sakonda nthaka yowirira kwambiri, njira yabwino kwambiri ndi yochepetsetsa. Komanso tsambali silinalole kuti malo a nthaka ayambe.

Tekeni yamakono

Nkhonoyi, yomwe imamera masika, imabzalidwa bwino ikadzatha, pafupi ndi theka lachiwiri la June. Scylla, yomwe imamera m'chilimwe ndi m'dzinja, ndi bwino kubzala mwezi usanakwane maluwa. Uwu ndiwo mapeto a July - kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa August.

Mbewu

Ngati mukukonzekera kufalitsa mbewu ndi nyemba, nyemba zowonongeka ziyenera kufesedwa mwamsanga mutatha kukolola. Ndi kubzala kuno Scylla pachimake kudzachitika m'chaka chachinayi. Ndikoyenera kufesa kwa kuya kwa masentimita 8, mtunda wa pakati pa mbeu uyenera kukhala 2 cm.

Ndikofunikira! Mitundu yambiri ya Scylla yokha imatha kuchulukitsa ndi mbewu. Choncho, ngati simukukonzekera kuti malo anu azikhala ndi matabwa, atatha, ayenela kutulutsa mbewu.

Mukhoza kuyembekezera mapangidwe a mababu mu maluwa omwe amamera bwino ndikuwagwiritsira ntchito panthawi yowonjezera.

Kubzala masamba

Kubzala masamba kumbali iyi ndi kubalana kwa proleski ndi mababu. Zinthu zobzala izi zidagulidwa m'masitolo apadera. N'zotheka kuti azilekanitsa ana kuchokera ku babu wamkulu, omwe angapangitse 4 pa nthawi ya kukula. Ana amakula m'madera osiyana kufikira atapita maluwa, ndiye amatha kubzalidwa ndi maluwa a Scyllae. Kubzala babu mu nthaka ndikofunikira kupanga mabowo osaya, mpaka masentimita 7. Mtunda pakati pawo uyenera kukhala masentimita 10.

Zapadera za kusamalira nkhuni zooneka ngati belu

Scilla - zomera zosadzichepetsa, komabe muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena akamalima. Ngakhale kuti Scylla amawoneka kuti ndi osagwira chisanu, m'chaka choyamba mutatha kutsika kuphimba m'nyengo yozizira spruce kapena peat wosanjikiza.

Kuthirira

Pambuyo pa overwintering, m'pofunika kuchotsa zomwe zomera zasungira ndikumwa madzi ambiri. Kuthirira Scylla pa nyengo yokula ayenera kukhala mosamala, osati kugwa pa maluwa. Sungani nthaka iyenera kukhala pamene dothi losanjikizidwa kale lakhala louma bwino.

Kuchokera ku nayitrogeni feteleza, nitroammofosku, ammonium nitrate ndi urea (urea) zingagwiritsidwe ntchito, kuchokera potash - potaziyamu sulfate, potaziyamu mchere, ndi potaziyamu nitrate.

Kuyankha kuti mudyetse

Kuti Scylla akukondweretseni ndi maluwa ambiri, akulangizidwa kudyetsa iye ndi mchere feteleza.

Kwa zolinga izi bwino:

• fetashi feteleza;
• nitrogen feteleza.

Ndi bwino kufesa nthaka kumayambiriro a masika, isanafike pachimake. Izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mitundu ya zomera zomwe zimatuluka mu kasupe. Zomera, maluwa akugwa, chakudya chimakhalanso chofunika m'dzinja isanafike maluwa. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito fetereza feteleza popereka chakudya, mwachitsanzo, "Nitrophoska".

Momwe mungapangire Scylla pachimake pa March 8 ndi maholide ena (kukakamiza)

Scylla ndi chomera chodabwitsa chomwe chingakusangalatse ndi maluwa ambiri m'nyengo yozizira. Kuti duwa liphuke pa March 8, mababu obzala ayenera kuchitika mu kugwa, mu November. Pachifukwachi mukufunikira mphika wokhala ndi masentimita 15. Kudyetsa kumachitika pa mababu atatu mu mphika uliwonse.

Kwa mtundu uwu wa kukwera koyenera nthaka yomwe ili ndi:

• mchenga woyera mtsinje - gawo limodzi;
• tsamba humus - gawo limodzi;
• Dziko la sod - magawo awiri.

Mutabzala, mphika uyenera kutumizidwa kumalo ozizira ndi amdima komwe mlengalenga idzapulumuka. Malingana ndi nthawi yomwe mukufuna kukambirana ndi Scylla maluwa, muyenera kuika mphika mu malo otentha, mpaka ofunda 15 mpaka nthawi. Mu sabata kapena ngakhale kale, scilla idzamasula masamba ndipo posachedwa pachimake.

Potero, kuti mukule Scylla pa malo anu, muyenera kutsatira malamulo ena a chisamaliro ndi kubzala kwa zomera.