Cyclamen - chomera chokongola chomwe chidzakongoletsa kwanu.
Chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu, Cyclamen Persian akhoza kusintha nyumba yanu kukhala yokongola wowonjezera kutentha ndikuthandizira mkati.
Chomera chodabwitsa chimenechi chidzafotokozedwa pambuyo pake.
Malongosoledwe a zomera
Cyclamen kuthengo amakhala m'madera a Mediterranean ndi kumpoto kwa Africa. Zachilengedwe - ndi nyengo yozizira ndi nyengo yotentha kwambiri.
Mitundu yambiri ya zomera limatuluka m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira, kusungidwa ndi zakudya zofunikira m'thupi la tubers, kuli kovuta nthawi ndipo imatulutsa masamba. 
Chifukwa chakuti maluwa a Persian cyclamen amatha m'nyengo yozizira, maluwa amenewa ndi otchuka, chifukwa maluwa ambiri amapuma nthawi imeneyi.
Persian cyclamen nthawi zambiri amakula chifukwa cha bouquets, popeza panyumba nthawi ya mpumulo imakhala pafupifupi miyezi 9, ndi nyengo yokula ndi maluwa - nthawi zonse.
Mukudziwa? Pali maumboni a Persian cyclamen m'zaka za m'ma 1800 za French. Limatanthawuza kuti ndi chakudya cha nkhumba. Zikuoneka kuti nkhumba ku chikondi chakuda kudya mizu ya chomera, ndikuzikumba pansi..
Chomera ichi ndi cha primrose ya banja. Nthitiyo ndi yosatha, ili ndi masamba obiriwira mozungulira ndi siliva kukula kuchokera muzu.
Maluwawo ndi osakanikirana, omwe amakhala pamtunda wautali, amakhala osiyanasiyana (malingana ndi mtundu wosakanizidwa). Peduncle imadutsa 30 cm, koma panthawiyi mitundu yaying'ono imamera, yomwe imaoneka yowongoka komanso yowonjezera, ndipo amene peduncles sali apamwamba kuposa masentimita 15. 
Madzi omwe amapezeka kwambiri ku Dutch a cyclamen Persian "Super Series":
- "Ng'onoting'ono" - mndandandawu umakhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono, akuwaza bwino mbewu, yomwe imadziwika ndi nthawi yaitali maluwa ndipo imakhala ndi mitundu 17.
- "Da Vinci" - ali ndi miyeso yozungulira ndipo imadziwika ndi maluwa aatali, ali ndi mitundu 9. Amadziwika ndi masamba omwe ali ndi mthunzi wa silvery.
- "Verano" - mndandanda wa Persian cyclamen, umene unalengedwa makamaka kuti ukhale ndi malo otentha. Ichi ndi chomera chomera chomwe chiri ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono ndipo chiri ndi mitundu 16.
- "Compact" - mndandandawu umakhala ndi maluwa ambiri, omwe amakhalapo nthawi zonse ndipo ali ndi mitundu 21 ya maluwa. Akuyang'ana mndandanda wazing'ono.
- "Choyambirira" - mndandanda unalandira dzina lake la maluwa ndi mtundu wosagwirizana, uli ndi mitundu 16. Olemera kwambiri limamasula, lalikulu pachimake, zomera zimakhala zochepa.
- "Kupititsa" - mndandanda womwe umapangidwira kukula mmimba, kumayambiriro kwa maluwa, uli ndi mitundu 14.
Zinthu zofunika pakukula
Chifukwa chakuti mitundu yambiri yamakono ya cyclamen imakula chifukwa chokula mu chipinda, izi zimawathandiza kusamalira maluwa. Koma kuti mukwaniritse maluwa ochulukirapo komanso ochulukirapo, muyenera kutsata malamulo omwe angakuthandizeni kukula bwino.
Tikukupemphani kuti mudziwe bwino mndandanda wa zomera zabwino za m'nyumba, chipinda chodyera ndi ofesi, komanso mndandanda wa maluwa osadzichepetsa komanso owopsa.
Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi
Persian cyclamen amasankha kukhala pamalo omwe kutentha kwake kuli osati kuposa 17 ° C m'nyengo yozizira - ndiko kuti, pa maluwa. Panthawi yopuma (chilimwe) duwa lidzamveka bwino pa kutentha kwa mpaka 25 ° C.
Chinyezi mu chipinda chiyenera kukhala pafupifupi, kusowa kwa chinyezi kuli ndi zotsatira zoipa pa chomera, kotero samalani kusunga chinyezi cha microclimate. Kuti muchite izi, fanizani pafupi ndi maluwa kapena muikepo poto ndi chigawo cha madzi pansi pa mphika ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi musungunuke madzi.
Kuunikira kwa kukula
Chomeracho sichimakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa (zotentha ndizotheka), koma zimakonda kuwala, koma kuwala kosiyana.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati chomeracho chimalephereka, masamba adzasanduka chikasu.
Pawindo lakummawa maluwa adzalandira kuchuluka kwa kuwala kozizira, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira mukhoza kusunthira kuwindo lakumwera. 
Mtengo wa mpweya
Persian cyclamen nthawi zambiri amakula mpweya wabwino. Kutayika kwa gasi kapena utsi wa fodya akutsutsana. Chipinda chomwe chili ndi cyclamen, nkofunika kutseketsa nthawi zambiri, kuti mpweya usawonongeke.
Komanso, miphika ya maluwa iyenera kuyikidwa pamtunda wokwanira kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake kuti ikhale mpweya wabwino kuchokera kumbali zonse ndipo musapange. Koma pamene mukuwomba, onetsetsani kuti chomeracho sichidalembedwe.
Kubalana: momwe mungabzalitse duwa kunyumba
Persian cyclamen ikhoza kufalikira kunyumba. Pachifukwa ichi, kufalikira kwa mbewu ndi kugawa kwa tuber kumagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mbewu
Vuto la kufalikira kwa mbewu kumudzi ndilokuti pafupifupi magalimoto onse a Perisiya omwe amagulitsidwa m'masitolo ndi hybrids, ndipo akamakololedwa ndi mbewu zomwe zimatengedwa kuchokera kwa iwo, amatha kupeza maluwa omwewo. Choncho, ndi bwino kugula mbewu m'sitolo. 
Ngati mutasankha kufalitsa cyclamen ndi mbewu zokonzedwa, ndiye kuti mukufunikira bwino kuti apulumuke chomera chophimba.
Mwinamwake kuti chinachake chochititsa chidwi chidzakhala chokwera ngati muli ndi zochitika zingapo za zomera. Kuchokera pamakopi amodzi ndikofunikira kutumiza mungu kuchokera ku duwa kupita ku manyazi a duwa lakopera ndi ndodo yofewa.
Motero, peduncle ndi mungu wowonjezera ndi wopotoka, atanyamula bokosi, kumene mbeu idzamera, pafupi ndi nthaka. Kuchokera ku mbeu izi zimatha kusintha zosiyana siyana za zomera, zomwe sizidzafanana ndi zomwe kholo limapanga kapena wina ndi mnzake.
Mbewu zipsa pafupifupi mwezi. Nthawiyi ikatha, mabokosi amatsegulidwa, nthawi yomwe amafunika kufesedwa. Kufesa malamulo:
- Musanafese, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti tifike mbewu mu "Epin" molingana ndi malangizo;
- Nthaka yofesa iyenera kukhala isanatetezedwe mwachangu, mwachitsanzo, pakuwombera;
- peat ndi mchenga ziyenera kuphatikizidwa mu magawo ofanana;
- mukhoza kusankha chilichonse, chomwe chiri, chidebe chofesa;
- chifukwa chodzala ndikofunika kudzaza nthaka mu chidebe, kupanikizika kwa masentimita 1 ndikutsanulira;
- Bzalani mbewu pamtunda wa masentimita awiri kuchokera mzake;
- kuphimba pang'ono ndi nthaka pamwamba ndikukonzekera ndi madzi kuchokera mu botolo la kutsitsi.
- chidebecho chimadzazidwa ndi filimu yamdima; kumera kwa Persian cyclamen ku mbeu kumapezeka kutentha kosachepera 20 ° C;
- Nthawi ndi nthawi muyenera kuyendetsa mbewu ndikuyang'ana kuthirira.
Kunyumba, mbewu zimatha kufalitsidwa ndi plumeria, adenium, balsamine, aichrizone, weigela, geranium, aechmea, ndi gerbera chipinda.
Mbewu zimamera mwezi umodzi mutatha kufesa, mutatha kufunikira kuchotsa filimuyo ndikuyika maluwa pazenera zowonongeka bwino. Chotsani chomeracho ndi chofunikira pambuyo pa masamba awiri. Kwa theka la chaka, ma cyclamens omwe ali ndi mphamvu zowonjezereka angathe kubzalidwa miphika yosiyana siyana (pafupifupi masentimita 6 m'mimba mwake). 
Kusiyana kwa Tuber
Pogawanika tuber, cyclamen sichitha kufalikira, chifukwa ndi njira iyi zowonongeka kwambiri ndipo palibe zowona momwe iye ati azidzakhalira pamene akufika. Chifukwa choonongeka ndi chakuti chomera sichipatsa ana a tubers-omwe angathe kupatulidwa popanda kuwononga kholo la tuber. Choncho, njira yokhayo yoberekeramo ndi kudula kholo lachiberekero kukhala zidutswa.
Mitengo yakale yokha ndiyo yoyenera kugawa, koma kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka, mosasamala za izi, ndi kwakukulu kwambiri.
Ngati mwasankha kufalitsa cyclamen mwa kugawaniza tuber, ndiye muyenera kuyembekezera mpaka masamba afa. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kuchotsa tuber mu mphika ndikugawaniza ndi mpeni m'magawo awiri ofanana kuti akhale ndi mizu ndi masamba. Dulani mbaliyo ayenera kuchiritsidwa ndi fungicide iliyonse ndi malasha, kuyembekezera kuyanika. Kutsika kumayenera kuchitidwa miphika yosiyana.
Mukudziwa? Kutchulidwa koyambirira kwa chithandizo cha mankhwala a cyclamen tubers kunapezeka mu IV-III zaka BC BC. er Mabukhu a Chijojiya a nthawi ino akufotokoza momwe adagwiritsidwira ntchito pa mankhwala am'mawa. Zosamba za zomera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza njoka, njoka ndi chifuwa.
Zomwe zimasamalira cyclamen
Persian cyclamen ndi maluwa omwe sali okhudzana ndi kukula ndi kudzikongoletsa, koma mutagula ndikufunikira kukonzekera bwino kuti mukhalemo mwamsanga kuti mukhale m'nyumba mwanu.
Momwe mungamwetse maluwa
Cyclamen amakonda kuthirira moyeneramonga nthaka imauma. Madzi ayenera kukhala mosamala, osagwa pazigawo za maluwa. Ndi bwino kuthira madzi pamadzi mphindi 15 kapena kutsanulira madzi pamphepete mwa mphika. Kuthirira kumakhala kochulukira panthawi ya maluwa, ndipo kuchepetsa kuthirira kuchepera - pamene chomera chimaikidwa mu nthawi yochepa. 
Kupaka pamwamba
Ndikoyenera kudyetsa chomera panthawi ya maluwa komanso panthawi ya kukula kwa masamba. Feteleza ayenera kusankha iliyonse yamaluwa. Ikani mogwirizana ndi malangizo. Kawirikawiri, feteleza amadzipukutira ndi madzi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira. Muyenera kudyetsa maluwawo atasunthira mu chipinda - mu mwezi umodzi mutagula.
Kudulira
Pamene maluwawo akuuma, ayenera kuchotsedwa pamodzi ndi peduncle. Izi ziyenera kuchitika ndi kayendetsedwe kake kopukuta. Dulani ndi zinthu zakuthwa sizinakonzedwe. Masamba sangathe kuvulaza, pamene akugwa pokhapokha pamene maluwa akukonzekera nthawi yopumula.
Ndikofunikira! Cyclamen imaonedwa ngati maluwa owopsa, choncho samalani pamene mukusamalira chomera. Ngati mungakumane ndi masamba, mapesi a maluwa kapena tuber, gwiritsani ntchito zisindikizo.
Kuika kwazomera
Kubwezeretsanso duwa laling'ono, lomwe liri ndi zaka ziwiri, ndilofunika chaka chilichonse, ndipo zomera zazikulu zimaikidwa 1 nthawi mu zaka zitatu. Pofuna kubzala, muyenera kusankha mphika panthawi yambiri kuti muonetsetse kuti pali malo osungira mizu. Koma si bwino kupatula mphika waukulu kwambiri, chifukwa ukhoza kuwononga maluwa.
Kulima njinga kumafunika kugula m'nthaka ya zomera zamtengo wapatali, ndiyenera kuwonjezera mchenga. Mapangidwe a duwa ali ndi mbali: mizu ili pansi pa tuber. Choncho, pamene mukuwaza, tuber sayenera kuphimbidwa kwathunthu ndi dziko lapansi, koma kuti chapamwamba chikhale chotseguka.
Matenda akuluakulu ndi tizirombo
Vuto lalikulu cyclamen ndi imvi yovunda. Ngati simukutsatira malamulo a kuthirira kapena kupereka madzi osauka, ndiye kuti tuber ingasokonezeke ndi matendawa.
Komanso, Persian cyclamen ingakhudzidwe ndi matope, akangaude ndi cyclamen mite, nsabwe za m'masamba. Pa chizindikiro choyamba cha tizilombo kuwonongeka kwa duwa, tsuzani madzi ofunda. Ngati kusokoneza sikuthandiza, nkofunika kuti muzitha kuchiza mankhwala ndi tizilombo, mwachitsanzo, "Fitoverm" - amatha kuwononga akangaude ndi nthata za cyclamen, komanso thrips. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito iyenera kuwerengedwa mu malangizo a mankhwala.
Motero, cyclamen ya Persia ndithudi ikongoletsa nyumba yanu ngati mutatsatira zotsatila posamalira chomera ndikuchilandira ku tizirombo nthawi.
