Chikhalidwe cha pakatikati cha Russia ndi modzichepetsa continental, nyengo yozizira ndi chisanu ndi frosty, chilimwe ndi ofunda komanso m'malo ozizira. Zikatero, kulima munda wamaluwa kudzakhala ndi zinthu zambiri. Apa, si mitundu yonse yabwino, osati teknoloji iliyonse, ndi nthawi yake, ndi tizirombo. Tsopano pafupi chirichonse mu dongosolo.
Pamwamba Maphunziro
Midziyi imatchedwa chigawo cha ulimi woopsa chifukwa cha nyengo yapadera. Ngati tikulankhula za mbatata, ndiye kuti si mitundu yonse yomwe idzakwanire pano. Mitundu yabwino ya mbatata ku madera a Moscow ndi ultraearly, oyambirira, mochedwa kwambiri. Mitengo yamasika iyenera kuthetsedwa nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa sichidzakhala ndi nthawi yakuphuka m'dera la Moscow. Ultra oyambirira: Zhukovsky Oyambirira; mitundu yoyambirira: Early Rose, Penza kusakaniza msanga, Provento, Favorite, Wizard, Luck, Sineglazka; Kumayambiriro kwakumayambiriro: Mtsogoleri, Lorch adzakhala wabwino kwambiri m'madera oyambirira a mbatata ku madera a Moscow. Zonsezi ndi cholinga cha gome, zokolola zambiri, zasungidwa bwino. 
Malamulo okwera
Tidzadziwa nthawi yobzala mbatata m'midzi. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndikutentha nthaka. Nanga nanga bwanji tsiku lenileni lomwe sitingathe kupita. Tikhoza kunena kuti mbewu ziyenera kufesedwa mu nthaka yotenthedwa ndi dzuwa kumapeto kwa mwezi wa April kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May. Ndipo izi zili pokhapokha ngati nthaka yayamba kufika 8 ° C pa kuya kwa masentimita 10 mpaka 15, chisanu cha pansi chikudutsa kale, ndipo dothi limakhala lopitirirabe.
Maganizo odzala mbatata m'midzi akudalira makamaka nthaka ya nthaka.
Mukudziwa? Malingana ndi kalendala ya dziko, mbatata amabzalidwa nthawi pakati pa maonekedwe a masamba pa birch ndi maluwa a mbalame chitumbuwa.
Malo abwino
Nthaka ya Sandy ndi loamy imathandiza kuti mukhale ndi mbewu. Zili pa malo otere kuti zokolola zabwino zitheke. Posankha malo, kumbukirani zomwe zinakulira kuno chaka chatha. Ngati tomato, mbatata, tsabola - fufuzani wina. Chabwino anabzala mbatata pa malo a nkhaka, nyemba, kabichi. Malo abwino kwambiri ndi dzuwa, lotseguka, popanda mthunzi kuchokera ku mitengo. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kubzala m'madera otsika ndi kosayenera chifukwa cha dothi lapamwamba la dothi. 
Kubzala mbatata
Anthu amanena kuti n'kosatheka kudzala mwezi watsopano komanso mwezi wonse. Ndibwino kuti mupite mwezi wochuluka. Kufika kumakhala ndi magawo angapo. Talingalirani iwo mwatsatanetsatane. 
Ntchito yokonzekera pawebusaiti
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mbatata iyenera kuyambika kumapeto kwa nyengo, mukulakwitsa kwambiri. Ndikofunika kukonzekera nthaka mutagwa mutatha kukolola. Choyamba, muyenera kukumba m'deralo pa bayonet, muzitsuka ndi humus kapena kompositi, phulani phulusa pa mlingo wa 10 kg wa humus kapena kompositi, 1 lita imodzi ya phulusa pa 1 sq.m. 
Ndikofunikira! Mukamera mbatata, manyowa atsopano sangagwiritsidwe ntchito.M'chaka, nthaka iyenera kumasulidwa ndi masentimita 15. Apa ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito foloki. Zigawo siziyenera kutembenuka. Ndikofunika kudziwa malo omwe akukhazikitsira. Ndipo muzigwira naye ntchito. Chifukwa kuti zikhalidwe zina zimafunikira kukonzekera kosiyana.
Momwe mungakonzekerere kubzala
Kubzala zinthu kumafunikanso kuphunzitsidwa. Sikuti teknoloji ndi yofunika pano, komanso nthawi. Choyamba, tiyenera kusamalira kumera ndikukonzekera kwa tubers. Mbatata ya mbuto iyenera kukhala yobiriwira, mwachitsanzo, kugwira nawo kuwala kwa masiku 10-15.
Ndikofunikira! Mbatata yosakanika sitingadye, ndi yoopsa.Kenaka, perekani vernalization, mwa kuyankhula kwina - kumera. Kuti muchite izi, ikani mizu ya mbewu mu kuwala mu chipinda chokhala ndi kutentha kwa 17-18 ° C kwa masiku 7-9, kenaka muyike m'chipinda chozizira. Mlungu umodzi musanagweke, bwererani m'chipinda chapansi kapena m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, komwe kutentha kuli mpaka 8 ° C. Muyenera kukonza tubers ndi njira yothetsera zakudya kuchokera mu botolo la kutsitsila masiku atatu musanadzale ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo - tsiku lomwelo.
Sewero ndi zamakono
Pali njira zamakono zamakono zobzala mbatata, aliyense ali ndi ndondomeko yake. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito munda wamtunda, mtunda, njira yosalala komanso mzere. Kusankha njira kumadalira mtundu wa dothi, chinyezi, zizoloŵezi za eni komanso zinthu zina. Njira zowonongeka ndi zabwino ngati dothi liri loyera, salola mpweya ndi madzi kudutsa. Mabedi amapangidwa motsatira ndondomeko ya 2 + 2 + 2, mwachitsanzo, m'modzi mwa iwo padzakhala mizere iwiri kudutsa lonse lonselo. Bedi limapangidwa ndi 15-20 masentimita wamtali, tubers obzalidwa, mbande yomweyo yokutidwa ndi nthaka. Ndipo chinyontho chimapulumutsidwa, ndipo kufalikira kwa mpweya ndi bwino, ndipo ndi kosavuta kukolola.
Njira yamtunda imaphatikizapo ndondomeko ya mizere yayitali yaitali pa sitetiyi. Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kwa chinyezi chochuluka cha nthaka. Mbatata imaikidwa mumzere pambuyo pa 15-20 masentimita, ndipo chisa cha 20-25 masentimita chimayendetsedwa pa icho, chomwe chimaphatikizidwa mu msinkhu wa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa masiku asanu. Choncho dothi limatha, ndipo chinyezi chimapulumutsidwa, ndipo udzu sudzapeza nthawi yakukula. Kusiyana pakati pa mizere ndi pafupifupi masentimita 60. Njira yosalalayo imaphatikizapo kubzala mitengo yotsekemera pansi pa fosholo pamtunda. Momwe mungabzalitsire mbatata pansi pa fosholo, muuzeni aliyense, chifukwa ndi njira yakale kwambiri. Iwo pang'onopang'ono amasunthira kutali ndi izo, pakuti uwu ndi ndondomeko yowumitsa kwambiri. Zina - zosavuta. 
Kusamalira mbatata mutabzala
Mutabzala, kusamalidwa kwa mbande kumadalira njira yomwe mumabzala. Zidzakhala zofunikira mwanjira ina iliyonse kuthirira, Kupalira, Kupitilira, Kudyetsa, Kudyetsa tizilombo.
Mukhozanso kukhala ndi chidwi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata monga: "Irbitsky", "Kiwi", "Adretta", "Blue", "Queen Anna", "Good Luck", "Gala".
Kuthirira
Ndi njira yam'mphepete ndi yamtunda, madzi amaperekedwa ku kanjira. Ngakhale ngakhale - m'mitsitsi kapena ulimi wothirira. Nthawi zambiri ulimi wothirira udzadalira kuchuluka kwa mphepo. Mu chilimwe chilimwe, mbatata imayenera kuthiriridwa tsiku lirilonse, kuyambira pa sabata lachitatu pambuyo pa zolembazo. Ngati pali mvula yokwanira, madzi ngati nthaka iuma. Kuthirira ndi kofunikira kwambiri panthawi ya matope a tubers ndi kukula kwawo.
Kusuta
Chovuta choyamba chofunikira pakatha masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi limodzi (5-6) chodzala tubers, ndiye masiku onse 4-5 mpaka kumera. Pambuyo pa kuonekera kwa mabala - maulendo angapo ngati n'kofunika. 
Kutsegula, kupalira ndi kukwera
Kumeneko zomera zakula - zikutanthauza kuti ndizosatheka kubzala Tsopano pitiriranibe kuntchito zina. Yoyamba imamasula, ngati n'koyenera. Nthaŵi zambiri, kufunikira kumasulidwa kumaonekera mvula, pamene dziko liuma ndi mawonekedwe otsika. Ndikofunika kumasula pakati pa mizere, m'mizere - yaying'ono, kuti asavulaze mphukira. Kupanga koyamba kukuchitika pamene mbande imakula kufika pa 12 mpaka masentimita 14. Nthawi yachiwiri ndikumaliza nsongazo. Ndi njira yam'mphepete mwa nthaka, dziko lapansili lakhala likugwedeza pansi pamtunda wa 20-25 masentimita kuchokera kumbali zonsezo. Nthawi zina - kuchokera kumbali zonse. Pa ulimi wa weeding, ndi njira iliyonse yobzala tubers weeding akhoza kuphatikizapo kumasula ndi hilling.
Ndikofunikira! Mbatata zipatso ndi poizoni kwambiri kwa anthu.
Kupaka pamwamba
Dyetsani mbatata makamaka musanamasule ndi hilling. Muyenera kuchita izi kawiri. Kwa nthawi yoyamba - atatha, kudyetsa zakudya zosakaniza pansi pa chitsamba: 2 ochepa manja a humus + 2 tsp. ammonium nitrate. Mukhoza kudyetsa ndi phulusa lokha, ndikuliphatikiza ndi nthaka 1: 1. Chachiwiri chimadyetsa nthawi yamaluwa musanamwe madzi ndi mzuwo. Yankho: 10 malita a madzi, 1 tbsp. l nitrofoski, 2 tbsp. l superphosphate. Dyetsani mbatata kufunika koyambirira. Pambuyo maluwa - sikutheka.
Chitetezo cha tizilombo
Mbatata imayenera kutetezedwa ku tizirombo. Ndipo zonse zimamera, zimamera, nsonga, ndi mizu, kenako - tubers. Tizilombo toopsa kwambiri timaphatikizansopo Colorado mbatata kachilomboka, wireworm, mbatata ndi tsinde nematode, ndi Medvedka. 
Mukudziwa? Tizilombo ta mbatata pali mitundu pafupifupi 60.Zilombo zotsutsana ndi tizilombo ndi zakudya zina za mbatata ndizochilengedwe ndi mankhwala. Njira yamoyo ndi yowopsa komanso yotetezeka kwa anthu ndi nyama. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kuti chiwembucho chazunguliridwa ndi zomera zomwe zimaopseza tizirombo. Mwachitsanzo: mattiola, marigold, chitsamba chowawa. Mukhoza kutsuka mbatata ndi kulowetsedwa kwa tsamba la phwetekere, adyo, ndi chitsamba chowawa. Mungagwiritse ntchito biopharmaceuticals "Aktophyt", "Bitoxibacillin", "Lepidotsid", "Bicol", ndi zina zotero. Kukonzekera kwa mankhwala kumagwira mofulumira komanso mogwira mtima. Gwiritsani ntchito mosamala ndipo musanagwirizane ndi tubers.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, tsatirani malangizo.
Kukolola ndi kusunga mbewu
Mbatata yokolola ku dera la Moscow, monga lamulo, imayamba pakati pa mwezi wa Julayi kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa August, popeza oyambirira oyambirira, oyambirira ndi mochedwa oyambirira mitundu amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Masabata 1-1.5 musanakolole, mukhoza (koma osati) kubudula nsongazo. Alimi ena a zamasamba amapeza kuti ndibwino kuwonjezera zokolola. Kukolola ndi ndondomeko yolimbikira kwambiri yomwe imaphatikizapo kukumba tuzi, komanso kuyisankha, kukonza (ngati kuli kofunikira), kufotokozera yosungirako. Pofuna kuchotsa tubers kuchokera pabedi kapena mtunda, zatha kuti zisawonongeke, zitseni pansi ndikusankha mbatata. Ngati mbatata yabzalidwa bwino, ndiye kuti chitsamba chilichonse chiyenera kukumba. Pamene tubers amasankhidwa, msinkhu pamwamba. Pambuyo kuchotsa mbatata pansi, iyenera kupatulidwa. Izi ndizomwe mungasankhe kubzala chaka chotsatira, gawanizanani mbatata, zomwe zidzapita ku chakudya ndi zazing'ono. Matendawa omwe ali owonongeka komanso odwala. 
Ndifunikanso kugawaniza mbeu kuti ikhale yosiyana siyana, chifukwa aliyense wa iwo akhoza kusiyana ndi momwe zinthu zilili komanso nthawi yosungirako. Asanaikidwe, mbatata ayenera kuuma, koma osati dzuwa. Musanayitumize yosungirako, mbatata imayenera kukhala yobiriwira padzuwa, kufalikira mumabokosi, kulemba mitundu. Angachiritsidwe ku tizirombo. Kusungirako zinthu: m'chipinda chapansi kapena m'chipinda chapansi pa mabokosi kapena "mabini", akuphimba pansi ndi matabwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito matabwa kuti azilekana. Chipinda chiyenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira, osati ozizira komanso osadzichepetsa. Kutentha sikuyenera kugwa pansipa 4-5 ° С. Nthaŵi zambiri, mbatata amafunika kutuluka, kuponyera. M'chaka, "maso akudzuka", kutuluka, kuchotsa maola osachepera 1 pa sabata. Choncho tubers adzakhalabe oyenera kudya nthawi yaitali.
Mukudziwa? Zakudya zoposa 500 zikhoza kuphikidwa ku mbatata.Kukula mbatata kumadera alionse si kophweka. Koma ndizosangalatsa bwanji kukondwera ndi "mkate wachiwiri", wakula ndi dzanja.
