Mitedza ya phwetekere

Phwetekere "chida cha Japan" - zabwino kwambiri za saladi ndi timadziti

"Nkhanu ya Japan" ndi phwetekere zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimakonda kwambiri chifukwa cha kukoma kwake kokongola, komwe kumasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina ya phwetekere.

Mitundu imeneyi, ngati ina iliyonse, ili ndi zida zambiri zomwe muyenera kuziphunzira musanayambe kulima tomato wotere.

Kuwoneka ndi kufotokoza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana

Kukula mu tomato za zosiyanazi sizongoperewera, kotero kukula kwa tomato kumadalira mkhalidwe ndi nthawi ya kulima ndipo zikhoza kukhala zosiyana kwambiri.

Koma, monga lamulo, tomato otere amakula kwambiri. Mutha kukulitsa zonsezi mu malo otentha komanso pamalo otseguka kapena pansi pa mafilimu.

Zomera za zomera zimakhala ndi masamba obiriwira a sing'anga kukula, kufika pamtunda wa mamita awiri, 6 maburashi angapangidwe pa aliyense wa iwo.

Zotsatira za Zipatso

Malingana ndi kufotokozera, tomato wa Japan Crab ndi osiyana kusiyanitsa ndi zipatso za mitundu ina. Iwo ali ophwanyika mozungulira, ali ndi feffy hangers. Mtundu wa tomato umasintha pamene amawoneka wobiriwira kupita ku pinki ndi kapezi, wofiira kapena wachikasu.

Zipatso zili zowutsa, zinyama, osati zowonongeka, pazitsulo zong'amba. Kulemera kwa phwetekere imodzi ndi 300-400 g. "Nkhono za ku Japan" ndizosiyana-siyana. Kuwona njira zoyenera zaulimi, makilogalamu 11 a tomato akhoza kusonkhanitsidwa kuchokera pa m2 imodzi yobzala.

Onaninso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tomato monga Pink Stella, Shuga Pudovik, Bear Paw, Troika, Beagle Beak, Purezidenti, Klusha, Rio Fuego, Alsou, Auria "," Waulesi ".

Ubwino ndi kuipa kwa zosiyanasiyana

Malinga ndi ndemanga za alimi ndi wamaluwa, zotsatira izi zotsatirazi zingadziwike:

  • kukana matenda ofala kwambiri;
  • makhalidwe okoma. Ambiri amaluwa amadziwa kuti kupambana kwa phwetekere ku Japan kumakhala ndi mitundu ina ya phwetekere;
  • Mbeu kumera - zoposa 95%, zomwe ndizomwe zimasonyeza bwino khalidwe lawo;
  • kusintha kwakukulu kumadera osiyanasiyana a nyengo. Popeza kuti mitunduyi inalumikizidwa makamaka ku Siberia, yomwe imadziwika kuti nyengo yake ndi yovuta, izi ndizopindulitsa kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Mfundo yakuti "Crab Japan" idalidwa kuti ikhale m'madera ovuta a Siberia ingasokoneze kuthekera kwa kulima kumadera akum'mwera. Malo abwino kwambiri a tomato otere ndi malo okhala ndi nyengo zam'mlengalenga.

Zokhudzana ndi zofooka, palibe ambiri mwa iwo kuchokera ku "Crab Japanese". Perekani chokha chofunikira chotsatira mwatsatanetsatane miyambo yobzala mbewu ndi chisamaliro choyenera cha zomera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi

Zokolola za tomato "Crab Japanese" zimadalira mwachindunji zamakono za kubzala ndi kubzala mbewu, choncho nkofunika kutsata ndondomeko zaulimi ndikudziwa malamulo oyang'anira tchire.

Kukongola kwa chisamaliro, chomwe chiri chachikulu komanso chokhachokha cha zinthu zosiyanasiyanazi, kungakhudze mapeto a kulima tomato.

Kukonzekera mbewu, kubzala mbewu ndikuzisamalira

Kukula mbewuyi, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njira yobzala mbewu, chifukwa chodzala mbewu nthawi yomweyo sichipereka zotsatira.

Kuti ziphuphu zikatuluke ku mbewu, musanabzala, ziyenera kusungidwa kwa masiku angapo (2-3) m'malo osakanikirana kwambiri a potaziyamu permanganate, kenako amatsukidwa.

Mwezi woyenera kwambiri kubzala mbewu ndi March (nambala 8-10). Kuthira kwakukulu kukhale 1 masentimita. Pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba awiri, zomera zimasowa kusankha.

Mukudziwa? Nyamayi yaikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi inakula ndi Gordon Graham ku Edmond pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1980. Kulemera kwake kunali 3.51 makilogalamu. Munthu yemweyo adakula chitsamba cha phwetekere, chomwe chinatalika kufika mamita 16. Chinanenedwa kuti mu masiku 347 adakula tomato oposa 12,000 pagulu limodzi.

Mmera ndi kubzala pansi

Kuchokera ku wowonjezera kutentha, okonzeka kutentha, mbande zingabzalidwe mu April, ngati filimu yotentha, muyenera kuyembekezera kufikira masiku 65 mutabzala mbewu, ndipo pokhapokha mubweretseni tchire.

Monga lamulo, ichi ndi chiyambi cha May. Matendawa amafunika malo, kotero zomera zosapitirira 4 ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa m2, ponseponse m'madzi otentha komanso pambuyo pake.

Nthaka mu wowonjezera kutentha iyenera kukhala yothira nthawi zonse musanayambe mphukira. Chofunika kwambiri ndi kutulutsa mpweya tsiku lililonse m'munda wa ndiwo zamasamba.

Pa mbande zokhazikika zimayenera kubzalidwa, kutsatira malamulo osavuta:

  1. Ndikofunika kuti m'nthaka yomwe mukukonzekera kudzala "nkhanu Yapanishi", musanafike nyemba, kabichi, nkhaka, anyezi kapena kaloti. Osati zofunika kotero kuti chithunzithunzi cha tomato m'nthaka chinali mbatata, biringanya kapena tsabola.
  2. Dziko lapansi liyenera kumasulidwa ndi kuthiridwa ndi zakudya. Nthaka yabwino ndi loamy.

Kusamalira ndi kuthirira

Makhalidwe akuluakulu a ku Crab osiyanasiyana kusamalira phwetekere:

  • Kumwa bwino ndikofunika: kumayambiriro kapena dzuwa litalowa pazu kapena muzitsime ndi madzi ofunda;
  • Zomera zimafuna garter, chifukwa pansi pa kulemera kwa chipatso iwo amagwera pansi, kumene amapezeka kwambiri ku tizirombo ndipo sapeza kuwala kokwanira kwa dzuwa kapena kungoswa.

    Ndikofunika kumanga nyumba kuti zikhale ndi zolemera. Ikhoza kukhala trellis, yomwe ili pamtunda kapena pamzere. Horizontal trellis amakulolani kuti mumangirire tomato pamene akukula. Ndi chithandizo cha vertical trellis mungathe kusunga malo pa tsamba;

  • Pofuna kuika, phwetekereyi iyenera kukula mu 1-2 zimayambira, ndipo yachiwiriyo imapangidwa kuchokera kumsana pansi pa brush yoyamba.

    Otsala otsalawo ayenera kuthyoledwa ndi manja, kusiya "tsinde" laling'ono, pafupifupi masentimita yaitali, kuti asapangidwe mphukira yatsopano. Masking ndi bwino kuchitidwa m'mawa, popanda kuchotsa mphukira zowonjezera zitatu pa nthawi imodzi;

  • masamba ochulukirapo omwe amatha kusuntha madzi owonjezera komanso kutenga gawo la zakudya zimayenera kukonzedwa. Matenda oterewa amatha kukula monga amphepete, makalata opanda masamba.
Mukhoza kusonkhanitsa zipatso masiku 115 mutabzala (July-oyambirira August).

Tizilombo ndi matenda

Ngakhale kuti nsomba zamitundu zosiyanasiyana za ku Japan zinalengedwa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri ndipo sizilimbana ndi matenda ofala kwambiri, kutsatira malamulo a kulima ndi kusamalira sikungakhale kokwanira kubzala mbewu.

Kupewa tizirombo ndi kuteteza kupezeka kwa matenda opatsirana n'kofunikanso.

Ndikofunikira! Mulimonsemo simungakhoze kuthirira zomera pamwamba, izo zingayambitse matenda a fungal.

Pofuna kupewa phytophthora kapena cladosporiosis, m'pofunika kukhalabe wotentha kutentha kwa wowonjezera kutentha komanso osapitirira mlingo woyenera wa chinyezi.

M'pofunikanso kupopera mankhwala osakaniza a mavitamini ndi mkaka (mkaka wa mazira ndi madontho 25 a ayodini pa chidebe cha madzi). Ngati mwawona kale zizindikiro za matendawa (mawanga a bulauni ndi maluwa oyera omwe ali ndi vuto lochedwa kapena masamba a cladosporia) mmunda, imayenera kukonzedwa masiku atatu onse:

  • kuchokera ku phytophtoras - ndi phulusa, Trichopol kapena Fitosporin;
  • kuchokera ku cladosporiosis - mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti fructification ikhale yaikulu

Kuti mupindule kwambiri ndi zokolola za tomato, zimalimbikitsanso kuthira nthaka. Zokakamiza siziyenera kupangidwa katatu pa nthawi ya kukula, ngati kawirikawiri masamba amayamba kukula mofulumira, zomwe zingachepetse chiwerengero cha ma thumba losunga mazira pa tchire.

Manyowa ophwima opindula ndi ma microelements othandiza ndi abwino kwambiri. Kusunga zakudya zowonjezera n'kofunika kwambiri nyengo.

Mu kutentha kwa tomato amafunika kwambiri nayitrogeni kuposa nyengo yamvula, pamene akusowa potaziyamu chifukwa cha kusowa kwa dzuwa.

N'zotheka kuwonjezera mlingo wa zokolola ndi kuchepetsa kufunika kwa chinyezi pogwiritsira mabedi ndi udzu, namsongole, utuchi kapena pepala, zomwe zimavunda ndi kuthira nthaka.

Zipatso ntchito

Matenda a phwetekere "Crab Japan" ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wogwiritsidwa ntchito mu saladi. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mbewu ndi kuchulukitsitsa kwa zamkati, tomato awa amasunga bwino mawonekedwe awo, kupereka zophikira zooneka bwino.

Chimodzimodzinso chimapangitsa kuti kukonzekera zokonzera zokometsera pogwiritsa ntchito tomato. Komanso "Crab Japan" ndi yabwino kumalongeza, kuphika lecho, sauces ndi juisi, phwetekere.

Mukudziwa? Tomato - ndiwo zamasamba zomwe zilipo pakadyedwe pafupifupi munthu aliyense, poyamba zinkawoneka kuti zili poizoni, zomwe zimawopsyeza moyo wa munthu amene amawadya. Ku Ulaya, anabadwira kwa nthawi yaitali ngati zomera zokongoletsera zomwe zingakongoletse nyumba kapena munda. A French anabzala iwo kuzungulira mapulaneti, a British adakula ngakhale tomato m'mabotchi.
Choncho, ngati mutatsatira njira yakukula ndi kusamalira tomato bwino, mutha kupeza tomato yaikulu, yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri yomwe yadziwika kale ndi wamaluwa ambiri odziwa bwino ntchito. Mitundu ya tomato "Crab Japanese" sikuti yokongoletsa zokongoletsa patebulo, komanso madzi abwino kapena msuzi.