Maluwa okongola otentha a vallota omwe ali ndi phokoso lofiira kwambiri adzakhala chokongoletsera m'nyumba iliyonse. Chomeracho sichidzichepetsa mosamalitsa, sichifuna malo apadera okhalamo, kotero n'zosavuta kukula panyumba.
Kufotokozera
Vallota, kapena momwe amatchedwanso "kakombo wamoto", ndi mbewu yamoto ya Amaryllid, yomwe ili kunyumba kwa South Africa. Mbali yaikulu ya zachilendo imaonedwa ngati yofiirira tsamba lachibasu m'munsi mwa tsinde. Mababuwo ndi achilendo, ali ndi khosi lalikulu lomwe liribe malire ndi thupi la anyezi lokha. Ngati mutachotsa miyeso yapamwamba, mumatha kutsegula mitundu yambiri ya maonekedwe anu: mtundu wa anyezi umasintha kuchoka ku kuwala kupita pansi mpaka kumdima wakuda kuchokera kumwamba.
Mukudziwa? Chomeracho chimatchedwa "vallot" osati "valotta". Dzina lake linatchulidwa kulemekeza botanist kuchokera ku France, Pierre Vallo, yemwe anayamba kufotokozera mitundu yozizira. Ngakhale kuti Latin imalembedwa Valotta.Vallota ali ndi nthawi yaitali, yosalala, yopapatiza masamba, kutalika kwake komwe kumatha kufanana ndi masentimita 25 mpaka 40. Masamba a chomera amasonkhanitsidwa mumagulu a chikhulupiriro, omwe amachititsa kuti maluwa a chipinda chiwonetseke. Kakombo amoto amamasula kamodzi pachaka. Malinga ndi malamulo a kusungirako ndi kukhala ndi microclimate yabwino, maluwa amatha kupezeka kawiri pachaka. Pakati pa maluwa kuchokera ku babu imakula zandiweyani phesi zomwe inflorescences amapanga.
Onaninso za maluwa osazolowereka monga sundew, passionflower, nepentes, orchis, hoya, camellia ndi amorphofallus.Maluwawo amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a nyenyezi, ndipo ali ndi zipilala zisanu ndi chimodzi zamkati, pakati pake zomwe zimakhala ndi mazitali aatali ndi anthers a mawonekedwe a mazira ndi chikasu. Pa peduncle imodzi imatha kuphuka mpaka maluwa 9, omwe pambuyo poyambitsa mungu amawoneka mu bokosi la mbewu. Sungani maluwa pa chomera kwa nthawi yaitali - masiku 5-6. Mu chilengedwe, zosowa zimapezeka mu mtundu umodzi - vallota wofiirira. Zitha kupezeka ku madera otentha ku South America, South Africa (Cape Province).
Mitundu
Mitundu ya Zilumbayi ili ndi mitundu yoposa 60, yomwe ndiyi yokha yomwe ili yotchuka kwambiri:
- zofiirira: ali ndi masamba ngati lamba la kukula kwaling'ono kwa azitona za azitona, kutalika - mpaka masentimita 30. Nthawi yamaluwa imayamba kumayambiriro kwa autumn. Panthawi imeneyi, tsinde lakuda ndi maambulo a inflorescences ndi masentimita 5-6 masentimita amapezeka pammera. Pambuyo maluwa, maluwawo amasandulika kukhala bokosi la mbewu zakuda;
- zokongola: Amadziwika ndi masamba aatali, ofunda a mdima wobiriwira, mpaka masentimita 45 m'litali ndi ovundala, ofanana, osunthira pang'ono pamphepete mwa maluwa osiyanasiyana - kuchokera ku pinki wofiira kukhala wofiira ndi wofiira. Mababu omwe afika pa kukula kwa masentimita 3.5 akufalikira. 6 ma petals, 8 cm kutalika, amapangidwa mu Mphukira imodzi;
- zoyera: mofanana kwambiri ndi kakombo woyera, chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka. Makhalidwe apadera a mitundu iyi ndi masamba obiriwira omwe amawoneka ngati lupanga ndi maluwa a mthunzi wolimba wa beige. Chomeracho chimamasula mu kasupe kapena m'dzinja. Pa maonekedwe akuda kwambiri, pafupi masentimita 40, 5-7 maluwa amapangidwa;
- pinki: mitundu yosawerengeka kwambiri. Malingana ndi zizindikiro zakunja, zimakhala zofanana ndi zomwe zapitazo, zili ndi masamba omwe amawoneka ngati ofiira, koma maluwawo ali ndi mthunzi wofewa kwambiri.
Kusamalira Zomera
Vallota - chikhalidwe chodzichepetsa komanso chosasamala. Mwa kutsatira malamulo osavuta a zomwe zilipo, mungathe kulima chomera chokongola, chotentha chokhala ndi maluwa owala, owala.
Kuunikira
Choyamba, duwa liyenera kupereka kuyatsa bwino. Popeza amachokera kuzitentha, amakonda kuwala, makamaka kufunika kwa dzuwa m'mawa ndi madzulo. Kwa malo a kakombo wamoto, mawindo a kum'mwera chakum'mawa kapena kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa nyumbayo ali angwiro.
Amaluwa amalima maluwa monga Surfinia, Begonia, Pelargonium, Calibrachoa, Marigolds, Dahlia, Hortensia, Zinnia, Lobelia, Chrysanthemum, Geranium, Peony, Lily ndi Tulip.Kuwonetsa kwambiri zomera ku dzuwa ndi kutsogolo kwa mazira a UV sikuvomerezedwa ndi maluwa osakhwima, chifukwa akhoza kutentha. Pa kukhazikitsa mphika kumpoto zenera sills zowonjezera kuunikira zidzafunika.
Kutentha
Kuti mukwaniritse mavitamini awiri a maluwa, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kutentha kwabwino. Panthawi ya kukula kwake (nthawi ya chilimwe), kutentha kwakukulu kumachokera ku +20 mpaka + madigiri 25.
Ndikofunikira! Ndiletsedwa kuti chikhalidwe chikhale chakuya kwambiri, chikhoza kufa.M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumachepetsedwa kukhala + 10 ... + madigiri 12, m'munsimu wa madigiri +5 amaloledwa. Mapiritsi ochepa akhoza kuchititsa kuti mizu ya wallot ikhale yozizira komanso kufa. Pambuyo pa kuyima kwachisawawa, kumathamanga, nthawi yomwe ili pafupi miyezi iwiri.
Nthaka
Zomera za anyezi zimafuna nthaka yachitsulo. Nthaka ingagulidwe m'masitolo apadera kapena okonzeka mwachindunji, kutenga malo a sod, nthaka yolimba, humus ndi mchenga, mu chiŵerengero cha 3: 2: 1: 1. Ndiloyenera kupanga mpangidwe wamadzi pansi pa thanki, kumene zomera zidzakula. 
Kuthirira
Pamene kuthira maluwa sayenera kulola kusefukira. Chilimwe chimafuna madzi okwanira, omwe nthawi zambiri amatsimikiza ndi kuyanika kwa dothi la pamwamba. Kuthirira kozizira kumalimbikitsidwa kuchepetsa. Pa ulimi wothirira mbewu ndikofunika kuti mukhalebe wathanzi komanso mowa ngati dothi likuuma. Kuthetsa mbewu sikoyenera, chifukwa ikhoza kubisala msanga ndi kukonzanso masamba.
Chinyezi
Chomera sichikufuna kwambiri chinyezi. Mpweya wabwino kwambiri ndi pafupifupi 60%. Mu kutentha kwakukulu, zimalimbikitsidwa kuthirira masamba a mbewu ndi botolo la kutsitsi. Nkofunikira kuti muzitha kuyamwa pamene duwa liri mumthunzi, chifukwa pansi pa kutentha kwa dzuŵa kumawoneka pamasamba, ngati mawanga a chikasu kapena mtundu wofiirira. 
Mukudziwa? Mlengalenga lapansi ili ndi chinyezi chochuluka chomwe chingakhale chokwanira kuzungulira dziko lonse lapansi ndi madzi oposa mamita awiri..
Kupaka pamwamba
Njira yodyera imayamba m'chaka ndipo imatha ndi yomalizira maluwa. Monga feteleza oyenera mchere, makamaka opangidwa kuti apange maluwa. Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito mababu a magawo. Manyowa ayenera kukhala kamodzi mu masiku 18-20. Chakumapeto kwa mwezi wa October, kudyetsa kumayimitsidwa, ngakhale alimi ena amaluwa amalangizidwa kuti aziwonjezera kusiyana pakati pa feteleza ndikupitirizabe kudyetsa mbewu kufikira masika.
Werengani malamulo odyetsera maluwa.
Kudulira
Chomera sichisowa kudulira. Pambuyo maluwa, imakonzekera nyengo yozizira, imatulutsa masamba ndi mazira. Ndibwino kuti muzidula masamba okhaokha kapena ouma, komanso tsinde, itatha.
Kuwaza
Pamene duwa limakula, m'pofunika kulibwezeranso. Mchitidwe wachinyamata ukulimbikitsidwa kuti musakhudze woyamba 3-4 zaka konse. Pamene babu imakula, ndipo imakhala yochepa, ndiye kuti mphika umafunika kwambiri. Musanayambe kusamba, chotsani mwanayo njira ya babu, chifukwa amatenga mphamvu ndikukankhira babu. Mbali yapamwamba ya babu siyikidwa m'manda pansi, kotero kuti kenako mungathe kuchotsa "ana" opangidwa mosavuta. 
Mulimonsemo, nthaka yadutsa patapita nthawi ndikusowa zakudya zake, choncho mbeuyo iyenera kubwerezedwa nthawi zonse. Nthawi yabwino ndi kamodzi zaka 3-5. Ndi bwino kugula nthaka m'sitolo kapena kuphika nokha ku mbali zitatu za nkhuni, magawo awiri a nkhuni, gawo limodzi la mullein ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga. Musaiwale za mapangidwe a ngalande yosanjikiza, zomwe zingapangidwe dongo, vermiculite, ndi zina zotero.
Mabala obereka ("ana")
Yophweka ndi yosavuta njira kuswana midzi - "ana" -lukovichkami. Monga lamulo, kuswana kumaphatikizidwa ndi kuika. Pochita izi, anyezi amasiyanitsidwa ndi chomera cha amayi ndipo pakati pawo okha omwe ali ndi mizu yawo amasankhidwa.
Mababu amakhalanso ndi zomera monga Babian, Hymenocallis, Fritillaria, Crocus, Drimiopsis ndi Tulip.
Kufika kovuta kumakhala kosavuta:
- Mu kaphika kakang'ono kokhala ndi masentimita 8 mpaka 10 mudatsanulira gawo lokonzekera.
- Anyezi amaikidwa pansi ndi magawo awiri mwa atatu.
- Kenaka, perekani chomeracho ndi kuunikira bwino ndi kutentha kwabwino.
- Mutabzala simulangizidwa kuti mumwe madziwo nthawi zambiri. Pakatha zaka 2-3 mutha kuyembekezera maluwa oyambirira.
Ndikofunikira! Mukamagwira ntchito ndi duwa, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoteteza, makamaka magolovesi, chifukwa ndi owopsa (makamaka mababu). Pamene chomera chikukhudzana ndi khungu lomwe lili ndi mabala ang'onoang'ono, kuperewera kumachitika.
Kuvuta kumakula
Ngakhale kuti njira yakukula ndi kusamalira zambiri ndi yophweka, chikhalidwe chimakhala ndi zowawa. Maluwa sakonda kutentha kwambiri (pamwamba pa + madigiri 25), choncho ndi bwino kuikonzanso pamalo ozizira. Vuto lomwe anthu ambiri amalima maluwa amakhala nalo, amalingaliridwa kuti palibe kutalika kwa maluwa. 
Zifukwa zake zingakhale zazikulu kwambiri, kukhalapo kwa "ana" osagawanika pa babu kapena kusowa kwa nyengo yopuma m'nyengo yozizira. Pachiyambi cha kukula kwa masika, chomera chimayamba kukhetsa masamba - ichi ndichizolowezi. Koma chikasu chambiri cha masamba chiyenera kuchenjeza, chifukwa chingasonyeze mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizirombo, kuphatikizapo mite kapena mite.
Zikatero, nkofunika kuti chithandizo cha zitsamba chikhale ndi mapulani apadera. Malangizo amdima a masamba amasonyezanso mavuto. Masamba akhoza kuwonongeka chifukwa cha madzi, kutentha kwakukulu, kutentha kwadzidzidzi. Kenaka muyenera kusintha madzi okwanira ndikupanga malo abwino a microclimate.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Nthawi zina ngakhale alimi odziwa bwino amakumana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana ndi tizirombo. Kawirikawiri chikhalidwe chimayambidwa ndi kangaude. Gossamer yoyera pa masamba imasonyeza kuti nkhuku yathera pa iwo. Pochotseratu, muyenera kutsuka masamba ndi madzi ambiri ofunda kapena sopo lotetezeka. Mwachitsanzo, ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana, nsabwe za m'masamba, chishango, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zimakhala zosavuta kuthana ndi maluwa ndi mankhwala okonzeka. 
Ngati zinthu zabwino kwambiri zogulitsa mbeu zikuphwanyidwa, monga kutsika kwapafupi, nthaka yonyowa kwambiri, njira zosiyana siyana zingayambe, mwachitsanzo, nkhungu yakuda imayambitsa bowa. Zikuwoneka mwa mawonekedwe a kuwala kofiira kowuma pa masamba. Pofuna kuthana ndi vutoli, sopo ndi vitriol zimagwiritsidwa ntchito (2 g zamkuwa sulphate ndi 20 g sopo pa 1 l madzi) kapena fungicides (Fitosporin-M) amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Fusarium kapena zovunda zofiira zomwe zimakhudza mizu zimaonedwa kuti ndizoopsa kwa mbewu. Anyeziwo amasiya kukula, masamba a masamba amakhala ochepa, ndipo mamba imayamba kuvunda. Mwatsoka, fusarium imadziwika mochedwa kwambiri, pamene pafupifupi bulb yonse ili ndi kachilombo. Pachifukwa ichi, mbewuyo ili kutali, ndipo maluwa wathanzi amachiritsidwa ndi njira yapadera - "Fundazol". 
Vallota ndi chomera chokongola, chokongola, chosasangalatsa chomwe chimatha kutenga malo oyenera pa kusonkhanitsa zomera zapanyumba. Ngakhale kuti ndikunyozeka kwina ndi kuchitira chifundo, ndizosasamala kuti zisamalire ndipo sizikusowa zofunikira. Kutsata malamulo osavuta, panyumba mukhoza kukula chikhalidwe chokongola, kukondweretsa diso ndi maluwa obiriwira ndi olemera.
Mayankho ochokera pa intaneti:
Ine mwatsoka sindingathe kudzitamandira kuphulika kwa Vallota, akadakali kochepa, koma pamene ndinali ndi maluwa okongola Vallota, mpaka nditalakwitsa panthawi yake ndikulephera kumuwononga. Kuchokera kwa iye, ndinasiya anyezi anyezi okha.Natalie
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Vallota ndi wa banja la Amaryllis, limamasula kwambiri kuyambira June mpaka October. Mukamabzala, nkofunika kuti mbali yam'mwamba ya babu ikhale pamwamba, kuthirira ndi kosavuta, nthawi yozizira imakhala nthawi yopumula, panthawiyi nkofunika kuchepetsa kuthirira ndi kutentha, sikutheka kuti masamba athe kufa. Ndikofunika kubwezeretsanso nthawi yoposa 1 zaka 2-3. Ngati zikhalidwe za kubzala ndi kusamalira zili ndizomwezo, ndiye kuti vallota yanu iyenera kuphulika.Mankhwala
//indasad.ru/forum/27-uchod-za-komnatnimi-rasteniyami/6425-podskazhite-pochemu-ne-tsvetjot-moj-tsvetok#6434
Valotta amaima pawindo lakummawa, tili ndi malo 1 ndipo dzuwa silochuluka. Chaka chapitacho, anawo adasefukira kwambiri, ndipo m'nyengo yamasika ndimamufalitsa. Nyengo yotentha ndi yotentha, ndikuti timayika mawindo awiri, ndipo kutentha kwawonjezeka kwambiri pawindo. Amakhala mu mphika 14 masentimita awiri, anyezi wamkulu ndi ana ang'onoang'ono asanu ndi masamba. Kuthirira ngati nthaka idauma. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, maluwa onse anasamutsidwa ku fetereza ya GREENWORLD mumitengo, mwinamwake ndimayiwala kuti ndiwadyetse. Ndimayang'ananso nthawi zonse m'phika ndikumupempha kuti aphuke, ndipo zinathandiza! : DValda
//forum.bestflowers.ru/t/valotta.1605/#post-106545
