Geranium ndi pelargonium - imodzi mwa zomera zowonongeka: zimakhala zosavuta kusunga, zimakhala pachimake bwino komanso zimachiritsira katundu - zimayeretsa mpweya ndi poizoni. Momwe mungasamalire bwino pelargonium, ndizifukwa zotani zomwe zimapangidwira kuti zisamalidwe, momwe mungatetezere motsutsana ndi tizirombo - taganizirani mwatsatanetsatane.
Malongosoledwe a botanical a zomera
Mbali yaikulu ya zomera izi kuchokera ku banja la Gerania imabisika mu dzina lake - geranium iyi ili masamba okongoletsedwazomwe zimafanana ndi zojambula: zovala zisanu, zofunda ndi zosalala. Pansi pa chilengedwe, masambawa ndi amphamvu kwambiri, amatha kudutsa mumtunda komanso miyala, koma kunyumba, masamba a pelargonium amakhala ochepa thupi komanso amaoneka okongoletsera. 
Nthambizi ndizitali, zowonongeka, zotsalira pansi, choncho geranium iyi imabzalidwa kawirikawiri m'miphika ndi miphika. Mtundu uwu wa geranium womwe uli ndi masamba otsekedwa umatchedwa ampel (Ampel - kwenikweni amatanthawuza "chophimba chophimba"). Umbrella inflorescences wa mtunduwo, amapangidwa ndi maluwa 5-9 mu gulu limodzi. Geranium imeneyi imakhala ikuphulika kuyambira m'mawa mpaka m'mayezi. Mthunzi wa inflorescences wotero uli ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: lero pali pelargonium, yomwe imaphulika pafupifupi mitundu yonse. 
Mukudziwa? Geranium ndi wachibale wapamtima wa pelargonium: Zitsanzo zoyambirira za zomera izi zinapezeka ku South Africa chakumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 17, kuchokera kumene anabweretsedwa ku Ulaya. Ngakhale kuti pelargonium ndi geranium nthawi zambiri zimatchulidwa kuti mayina ofanana, zimakhala zosiyana ziwiri, ngakhale kuchokera m'banja lomwelo - Geranium.
Mtundu ukhoza kukhala wovuta - ndi mawanga osiyana, mikwingwirima, madontho ndi zida. Kukula kwa munthu wamkulu amber pelargonium kumatha kufika mamita 1.5 m'litali, choncho miphika ndi geraniums yotereyi imayikidwa pa khonde kapena pamalo otukuka. 
Pansi pa chilengedwe, geranium iyi imapangidwira pang'onopang'ono m'madera otentha ndi ofunda, amapezeka ku Italy, Spain, komanso m'madera ena a China.
Ampiel zomera ndi zokongoletsera oimira zomera zomwe zimapachika mphukira ndi kukula kwa zimayambira zomwe zimawoneka bwino pamapope ndi otunga. Awa ndi mawu, lobelia, fuchsia, dichondra, petunia.
Mavuto akukula
Mkhalidwe wa kukula bwino ndi maluwa ochuluka a ivy-monga ampel pelargonium ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi zofunikira kwa wamba geranium. Zimapangidwanso mwapadera, nthaka ndi kutentha.
Mukudziwa? "Pelargonium" kwenikweni amatanthawuza "gogork" mu Chigiriki, ndipo wachibale wake, geranium, amatanthauza "crane" mu kumasulira. Mipingo ya mbalame yotereyi imalandiridwa chifukwa cha kufanana kwa zipatso zawo ndi mapiri a mbalamezi.
Kuunikira
Pelargonium ampella ndi imodzi mwa zomera zochepa zomwe zimangoyatsa nyali zokha, koma komanso mwamtheradi osawopa kuwala kwa dzuwa. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kuwala kwenikweni ndizofunika kwambiri kuti ntchitoyo izikhala bwino. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti musunge Pelargonium pafupi ndi mawindo akuyang'ana kumpoto - izo zidzakula bwino ndikuphuka kumbali ya kumwera.
Inde, mbewuyo ikhoza kukhala kumbali ya kumpoto, komabe, pokhapokha ngati dzuwa lidzakhala lalitali, ndipo mu mdima (mu miyezi yozizira) yowonjezeranso kuunikira kwapangidwe kudzaperekedwa. 
Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi
M'miyezi ya chilimwe Kutentha kwa mpweya sayenera kupitirira +32 ° CApo ayi, posakhala kuthirira, geraniums akhoza kungotentha. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwapadera kwakuyenera kukhala +15 ° C - ndi kutentha kumene geranium ikhoza kuyaka ngakhale miyezi yozizira. Kuwonjezera mowonjezereka mphepo sizowopsya pelargonium, sizikusowa zina zowonjezera ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa - komabe kuthirira kumachitika tsiku ndi tsiku.
Ndikofunikira! Masamba a Pelargonium samasinthidwa kuti akhale chinyezi - pamene madziwo amatha kusamba pamasamba, njira yovunda ingayambe. Pofuna kupewa izi, dulani maluwa ayenera kukhala pansi pa mizu, kupewa ingress ya madzi pa masamba.
Nthaka yabwino
Nthaka yabwino kwambiri ya pelargonium - kukhumba, zowonjezeraophatikizapo mchenga, nkhuni ndi peat. Maonekedwe amenewa amasungira chinyezi bwino, koma sichimathandiza kuti madzi asapitirire mmizu ya mbewu. Pochita izi, nkofunika kuika madzi pansi pa mphika - kuchotsa chinyezi chowonjezera. Phika palokha liyeneranso kusankhidwa - ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito miphika yopachikidwa kapena miphika yapadera, yomwe ili pambali pa khonde - ndikofunika kupereka malo okwanira a zomera. 
Momwe mungasamalire pelargonium kunyumba
Kuti ampel geranium isapweteke, imamera bwino ndipo imakondweretsa diso chaka chonse, muyenera kutsatira malamulo a chisamaliro, kuthirira komanso kudyetsa chomera chokondetsa.
Phunzirani zambiri za pelargonium: zothandizira kukula, mitundu ndi mitundu - thupi, mfumu (kuswana).
Konzani bwino
Waukulu ulamuliro wa kuthirira geraniums - musapitirire. Maluwawa ndi oipa kwambiri amalekerera chinyezi chochulukirapo, choipa kuposa chilala. M'nyengo yozizira yotentha, mukhoza kuthirira maluwawo pang'onopang'ono tsiku lililonse, komabe muyenera kuyang'ana dothi - ngati silinakhalidwe chakuya masentimita 2-3, ndiye kuthirira kumatsitsimuka mpaka tsiku lotsatira. Kupopera geranium koteroko sikofunikira, koma ngakhale koopsa - chinyezi chowonjezera chimapweteka pa chomera. M'nyengo yozizira, padzakhala zokwanira kuthirira mbewu 1 nthawi masiku 5-7 (malingana ndi kutentha m'chipinda). 
Kudya zakudya
Kudyetsa mwakhama kumafuna geraniums m'nyengo yamaluwa ambiri (pafupifupi kuyambira May mpaka August). Panthawiyi, chomeracho chiyenera kuberekedwa kamodzi masiku asanu ndi awiri (7-10) ndi mchere wambiri kapena mchere, womwe umalowa m'nthaka. M'nthawi yonseyi, feteleza amafunika mobwerezabwereza - kamodzi pa masiku 20. M'chaka ndi chilimwe, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito potashi ndi phosphate feteleza, ndipo kugwa ndi chisanu - humus ndi zina organic kanthu.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati palibe feteleza wapadera kapena potashi mchere, dzanja lanu limatha madzi madzi ndi mkaka (chiŵerengero cha 2: 1) - pelargonium imakonda madzi otentha, omwe amalimbitsa masamba ake ndi kumadzaza ndi zinthu zofunika.
Kudulira ndi kumanga chitsamba
Kuti pelargonium ikhale yobiriwira ndi yandiweyani, imadulidwa chaka ndi chaka - njirayi imalimbikitsidwa mwezi woyamba wa masika, mwamsanga pambuyo pa kutentha. Osati nthambi zonse zowongoka kapena zouma zimachotsedwamo, koma zina zonse - mphukira zokhazo zomwe zimakhala ndi mizere 2-4 zatsala. Njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa ndi mpeni, ndizosatheka kuthetsa kapena kuchotsa masamba owonjezera - masamba obvunda a masamba ayamba kuvunda.
Ngati mwangozi mutha kubzala tsamba, malo amphepete ayenera kuthiridwa ndi makala. Kudulira koyenera kwa masamba kumapangidwa kotero kuti pansi pa kudula kokha kumakhala pa chomera, osati pa tsamba losweka. Kudulira kuyenera kuchitidwa moyenera - kokha mwa njirayi kudzakhala kotheka kupanga shrub ya mawonekedwe abwino, ndikupulumutsanso zomera kuchokera kufooka kapena matenda.
Video: Ivy Pelargonium Kukonza
Kuwaza
Odziŵa bwino alimi amalangiza Gwiritsani ntchito geranium nthawi yoposa 1 nthawi zaka ziwiri. Komabe, chomerachi chiyenera kubzalidwa pachaka, koma chakale (zaka 4 kapena kuposerapo) - monga mizu imaphimba poto lonse (2-3 zaka). Potsitsa aliyense, mphika uyenera kukhala wawukulu pang'ono kusiyana ndi wakalewo, koma nthakayo iyenera kukhala yofanana.
Mukudziwa? Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa ivy geranium mu mankhwala owerengeka kunayamba kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la 18 - kunatchedwanso "maluwa a osawuka", popeza osauka a mumzindawu amagwiritsa ntchito masamba a chomera ichi kuti ayeretse mpweya kuchokera ku dampness ndi kuledzeretsa m'nyumba zawo.
Ngati mphika woyambirira uli wawukulu, ndipo muwona kuti chomeracho sichimachepa, mungathe kugwira kupatsa pang'ono: Chotsani dothi la pamwamba, m'malo mwake likhale labwino (ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kuvala). Mukamayambitsa, muyenera kumvetsetsa bwino mbewuzo pambali ndikuthandizira mizu, ndikuyendetseni pamphika watsopano ndi nthaka yokonzeka. Musayese kuwononga masamba, komanso mochuluka kwambiri mizu: kukhulupirika kwa zokhudzana ndi mizu ndi masamba ndizofunikira kuti mutenge mwamsanga komanso mwamsanga mumphika watsopano. 
Kuchiza ndi matenda
Matenda akulu omwe angakhoze kuchitika pa pelargonium, ndi zotsatira za madzi ndi kutsika pang'ono. Nthawi zina zimakhudzanso aphid ndi whitefly - komabe fungo la masamba, monga lamulo, limayambanso nsabwe za m'masamba, koma whitefly ndi malo okhala pa masamba a pelargonium.
Onani malangizo omwe angakuthandizeni kulimbana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi whitefly.
Pofuna kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, geranium imachizidwa ndi mankhwala apadera kapena decoction ya dandelion kapena yarrow. Mankhwalawa amathandiza kwambiri, koma osachepa kwambiri: pali chiopsezo kuti adzawotchera pamapala a pelargonium. The decoction wa dandelion ndi yarrow kukhudzana kwenikweni - izo amachita mwachindunji pa tizilombo, popanda kuwononga ku duwa lokha. 
Mankhwala oterewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dothi, mu madontho ang'onoang'ono pa whitefly - pamene chomerachocho chimachoka ku maluwa onse a chipinda mpaka atachiritsidwa.
Ngati masamba akufota, mutembenuke chikasu, zowola, patina imvi imayambira ndipo pansi pa tsinde limasanduka zakuda - ichi ndi chizindikiro chowoneka cha mizu yovunda. Pachifukwa ichi, kuika mwadzidzidzi kwa chomera mu mphika watsopano, woyera ndi feteleza n'kofunika, pansi pake pamayikidwa ngalande.
Fufuzani chifukwa chake masamba a geranium amatembenukira chikasu, momwe angachire chomera.
Momwe mungayambitsire Pelargonium ileamu
Pakhomo, pali njira ziwiri zobadwira monga geraniums: cuttings ndi mbewu.
Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu
Njirayi ndi yochepa - ndi yokongola zovuta komanso nthawi yotenthaChoncho, geraniums nthawi zambiri amafalitsidwa ndi cuttings. Pofesedwa ndi mbewu, geranium nthawi zina imasiya makhalidwe ake. Pofuna kubereka kotereku, muyenera kukonzekera nthaka yoyenera: iyenera kukhala chisakanizo cha peat, mchenga ndi sod ofanana. Mphika wokha uyenera kukhala wotsika. 
Kuti mbeu iphuke mofulumira, m'pofunika kuwapatsa nthawi zonse kutentha kwa 22-24 ° С, choncho, ndi bwino kuchita izi mu miyezi ya chilimwe. Nthanga za zomera zimayikidwa mu nthaka yonyowa, yomwe ili ndi filimu ndipo imayikidwa pansi pa malo osatha a kuwala. Pambuyo masiku 8-12, mphukira yoyamba idzawonekera - pakanema filimuyi iyenera kuchotsedwa, ndipo zimamera zokha ziyenera kusungunuka mosamala (ndi bwino kubweretsa madzi pansi pa mizu ya mankhwala). Pamene mphukira yoyamba imakula (pambuyo masabata 3-4), amaikamo miphika yaing'ono mpaka masentimita 10. Ngati mukutsatira malamulo onse, Pelargonium achinyamata omwe amakula mwachangu amatha kuchita chaka chimodzi chokha.
Video: Kulima kwa Ivy Pelargonium kuchokera ku mbewu
Awerengenso za kulima ndi mitundu ya geraniums: zokongola, zofiira.
Cuttings
Kudula ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yobereketsera pelargonium. Choyamba, muyenera kukonzekera cuttings yolondola - ayenera kukhala apical, kudula kumapeto kwa dzinja kapena kumapeto kwa chilimwe: iyi ndiyo nthawi yoyenera yothandizira.
Kudula kokha kumakhala ndi masamba 3-4. Mapesi atsopano amadulidwa panja kwa tsiku, ndipo tsiku lotsatira, asanadziwe kubzala, malo odulidwa amachiritsidwa ndi wapadera wothandizira - mizu yopanga stimulator. Nthawi zina zimangokhala ndi makala. Ndiye gawo lapansi limakonzedwa - chisakanizo cha peat, mchenga ndi kuzungulira. 
Zidutswa zimabzalidwa mumtunda wokonzedwa pafupi ndi mphika wa mphika - ndikofunikira kusiya mtunda wokwanira pakati pa mbande (osachepera 12 cm). Chidebe chokhala ndi cuttings chimayikidwa pansi pa kuwala kosavuta - dothi limafalikira nthawi zonse. Pambuyo pa masabata 2-3, mbande zidzakhazikika ndi kulimbikitsa. Pambuyo pa masiku 30-35 mutabzala, mbande zikhoza kuikidwa m'miphika (osati zikuluzikulu).
Kumbukirani: yaikulu ya mphika, polargonium yoipitsitsa idzaphuka. Chifukwa cha kufalitsa kwa cuttings, mbande za pelargonium zimatha kusamba pambuyo pa miyezi 6-8 yokha.
Video: Ivy Pelargonium ikukula ndi cuttings
Maphunziro a olima maluwa pa Ivy Pelargonium
Ileum Pelargonium ndi chomera chokongola komanso chokongola kwambiri kuti panthawi yamaluwa sichidzakongoletsera zokha zenera, komanso malo am'mudzi ndi nyengo yozizira. Kudziwa malamulo a chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro cha chitsamba chobiriwira ichi chidzakulolani kuti mupange maluwa okongola omwe angasangalatse diso chaka chonse.
