Ficus Melanie ndi woimira gulu lalikulu la nkhuyu za mphira wa raba, gulu lodziwika kwambiri la zomera zoumba. Kumusamalira sikumasiyana ndi kusamalira ficusi zonse, ndiko kuti, kumatengera chidwi chanu ndi kuyesetsa kuti mtengo wobiriwira ukhale wabwino. Kufotokozera zokhutira ndi maonekedwe owala kumalongosola kufalikira kwa ficus Melanie pakati pa alimi oyimilira ndi okonda zomera.
Kufotokozera ndi chithunzi
Mtundu wa ficus unalengedwa ndi obereketsa Achi Dutch kuchokera ku zokongoletsera. 
Chomeracho chimakhala chokwanira, sichitha, koma kumbali ndi chitsamba chonse, chomwe chimathandiza kupanga korona wokongola ndi kupereka chomera chokongoletsera chachikulu kwambiri.
Chifukwa cha kukula kwake, kawirikawiri ficus Melanie amasankhidwa kuti aziika pazenera zowonjezera kapena mapulaneti ena ang'onoang'ono.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudzidziwe nokha za kusamalira rasi ficus, momwe mungapangire korona wa rafu ficus, komanso muwerenge mtundu ndi matenda a ficus.
Maonekedwe a zomera
Mu chilengedwe, zomera za mphira wa mabulosi a rabara zimakula kukula kwake (mamita 30-40), komabe Mitundu ya Melanie imakula mpaka mamita 30-60 okha, ndiyo chitsamba chabwino kwambiri.
Kumayambiriro, mtengowu uli ndi thunthu limodzi lolimba, patapita nthawi mizu imayamba kuchoka pamtunda wa mlengalenga, chifukwa chomeracho chimatchedwa "mtengo wa njoka."
Chomera ichi ndi chabwino kwa okonda zomera, osati maluwa, chifukwa kunyumba ficus Melanie samasambakuti muyenera kuganizira mozama kugula. 
Komabe, pogwiritsa ntchito malamulo osavuta ofunika, ficus amatha kumasula masamba atsopano - umodzi pa sabata, pamene masamba onse apansi amasungidwa.
Masamba ndi owopsa kwambiri, okonzeka, okongoletsedwa ndi oblong ndi nsonga zowonongeka, pang'ono kupindika pansi, osapitilira masentimita 15 m'litali, ndipo amakhala oposa 6-8 cm.
Mbali ya kumtunda kwa masamba ndi mdima wandiweyani wonyezimira, ndi mzere wowala, mbali yam'mbuyo imakhala yojambula mu maolivi, kuwala ndi mkuntho wofiira kwambiri, kuphatikizidwa bwino ndi mitsempha yofiira.
Masamba amadziwika kwambiri pa tsinde, internodes ndi 1-2 masentimita, pafupifupi masentimita 10 a tsinde ali pamasamba 6-8.
Mukudziwa? M'madera ena a India, mizu ya rabara ficus imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga milatho yowimitsa moyo. Zina zolimba kwambiri zimatha kupirira kulemera kwa anthu makumi asanu. Kukula mlatho Zitha kutenga zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri (15), koma zigawo zimatha kudzikonza okha, choncho moyo wawo wautumiki ukufika zaka 500-600. Zojambula zamtundu uwu zimatchedwa "antbosculpture" ndipo zakhala zikuchitidwa kwa zaka mazana ambiri.
Kuyambira ndi kufalitsa
M'chilengedwe, imakula m'mayiko otentha ndi ozizira - kumpoto-kum'maŵa kwa India, zilumba za Indonesian za Sumatra ndi Java.
Mu Buddhism, amakhulupirira kuti ficus ndi mtengo wopatulika umene umabweretsa chikondi, chitukuko ndi chimwemwe m'nyumba.
Momwe mungasankhire ficus pamene mukugula
Mukamasankha chiweto mu shopu la maluwa, tsatirani malangizo awa.:
- Perekani zokondedwa kwa chomera chaching'ono, chifukwa m'kupita kwanthawi zinthu zowonongeka za ficus zachepetsedwa, ndipo zingakhale zovuta kukhazikitsa mu microclimate yatsopano.
- Nthawi yabwino yogula ndi nyengo yozizira, chifukwa panthawiyi n'zosavuta kuti chomeracho chikhale chokhazikika pa malo okhalamo atsopano.
- Onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane masamba a ficus kuchokera kumbali zakunja ndi kumbuyo: sayenera kukhala mabala ofiira kapena oyera, kukula - zizindikiro izi zikuwonetsa matenda.
- Sambani chomeracho pang'ono kapena muthamangitse dzanja lanu motsutsana ndi kukula kwa masamba - mu fanizo labwinobwino masamba onse ayenera kukhala m'malo, osagula kugula chomera ichi.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti mukhale watsopano wogulitsa, onetsetsani kuti mukukonzekera kusungika kwaokha kwa milungu 2-3. Onetsetsani kukhalapo kwa tizirombo kapena matenda pa chomera (izi zidzapulumutsa zomera zina mnyumba kuchokera ku matenda).
Makhalidwe okula ficus
Pali nyengo yabwino kwambiri yokula kwa ficus. Komabe, mukukumbukira kuti mbali yaikulu ya chomera ichi ndi kudzichepetsa, kotero ngakhale zolakwika zing'onozing'ono ndi zolakwika zomwe zili mu chisamaliro sichidzakhudza kukongola ndi chikhalidwe cha chiweto chanu.
Kuunikira ndi malo
Kulima ficus Melanie ndikofuna malo abwino kwambiri m'nyumba, kumene dzuwa salowa, lomwe limatha kutentha masamba. Ndiponso malo ayenera kukhala opanda ma drafts. 
Tsiku lowala liyenera kukhala pafupi maola 12-14, kotero kuti nthawi yozizira ya ultraviolet kuwala, muyenera kuyang'ana kuunikira kwina. Pang'onopang'ono, ficus idzakoka masamba onse ku gwero la kuwala, kotero kuti chophimba chokongola ndi cholinganizidwa chikhale chogwiritsidwa ntchito, mphika uyenera kuzunguliridwa nthawi ndi nthawi.
Chomeracho chimayikidwa bwino kumbali ya kumwera kwa nyumbayo, koma ngati palibe zotheka, zimakhala zabwino ngakhale pawindo la kumpoto. Ngati kuwala kuli kochepa kwambiri, zomera zimachepetsanso kukula komanso zimatha kutaya masamba.
Dzidziwike ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ficus, makamaka ndi lyre, myocarp ndi Benjamin ficus, komanso phunzirani kufalitsa ficus kunyumba.
Kutentha ndi chinyezi
Ficus Melanie amatha kupirira kutentha pamtunda wa 16-30 ° C. Komabe, zizindikiro zambiri ndi zabwino - 20-25 ° C. Ngati thermometer ikukwera mu nthawi ya chilimwe, perekani zina kupopera ndi kupukuta masambawo ndi siponji yonyowa.
M'nyengo yozizira, chitsamba chiyenera kusungidwa pa + 16-18 ° С. Kutsika kwa kutsika m'munsimu + 12 ° C kungachititse kuti mizu ikhale yozizira kwambiri, kutayika kwa masamba komanso kufa kwa mbewu.
Palibe zofunikira zokhudzana ndi kutentha kwa mpweya - ficus amamva bwino ndi pafupifupi chinyezi cha 40-60%. Komabe, pa nyengo ya chilimwe yotentha kapena nthawi yotentha, masamba ayenera kupukutidwa ndi siponji yonyowa, wosamba kapena kupopedwa ndi mfuti. 
Zolemba za dothi
Amakonda nthaka yothirira ndi madzi abwino komanso opuma bwino, mlingo wa Ph suyenera kukhala wolekerera kapena wodwala pang'ono.
M'pofunika kukumbukira kuti nthaka ya zomera zazing'ono ndi zazing'ono zimasiyana mosiyana - zomera zowamba za mphira zimakonda nthaka yotayirira, koma patatha zaka 2-3 nkofunika kuwonjezera sod kapena humus kunthaka.
Zingakhale zothandiza kuti mudziwe momwe mungathere ficus.
Mukhoza kusunga nthawi ndi khama ndikugula ficus yokonzekera. Sizakhalanso zovuta kukonzekera zokhazokha za zigawozi:
- Kwa chomera china: 1 gawo la humus, peat ndi mchenga.
- Mmera wamkulu: 1 gawo la peat, mchenga, mtedza ndi tsamba la masamba.
- Chomera chachikulire (kusankha 2): magawo 2 a humus ndi sod land, 1 gawo la mchenga.
Onetsetsani kuti mukupanga ngalande yabwino ya dothi lopangidwa, mchenga wamatabwa, mchenga wochuluka kapena mchenga. Ndi bwino kusankha osakanizidwa dothi - izi dongo zimatha kuyamwa zowonjezera madzimadzi ndi feteleza, ndipo ngati kuli koyenera - kuwaperekanso ku nthaka.Ndikofunikira! HSitiyenera kumveketsa - gawoli limakhala ndi chinyezi, chimapangitsa kuti madzi asokonezeke, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri mizu ndi zomera.
Ficus Melanie: kunyumba
Samalani ficus Melanie akumwa ngati mukufunikira, kudyetsa nthawi zonse, kudulira pachaka ndi kuika. Kenako, timalingalira mwatsatanetsatane njira iliyonse.
Kuthirira
Palibe ndondomeko yowonjezereka ya ficus - kufunika kwa chinyezi cha nthaka kumadalira chinyezi mu chipinda, kutentha kwa mpweya, zolemba za nthaka ndi katundu, zaka za zomera ndi kuwala kwa chipinda.
Ndikofunika kutsatira lamulo lofunika: nthaka mu mphika iyenera kuyuma kwathunthu kapena kukhalabe yonyowa pang'ono.
Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti mukufunika kuthira, mukhoza kukulitsa chala m'dothi losakanikirana ndi masentimita atatu - ngati dziko lapansi lidakali pa zala zanu, ndiye kuti chinyezi nchokwanira, koma ngati chikuphwanya kapena kuuma kwambiri, ndi nthawi yosakaniza nyama yanu.
Nthawi ya chilimwe, madzi okwanira ayenera kukhala ochuluka - madzi ayenera kuthiridwa mu mphika kangapo kuti ayambe kuwonekera pa thireyi. Pambuyo theka la ora, chotsani madzi poto. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumakhala kotsika kwambiri, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumakhala kovulaza kwambiri mmunda, makamaka ngati umasungidwa kutentha. 
Kupopera mbewu kumayenera kuchitidwa ndi kusakwanira kokwanira kutentha kwa mpweya, kutanthauza kuti, kutentha ndi kutentha kwambiri m'chilimwe. Kwa ulimi wothirira ndi kupopera mbewu, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito madzi olekanitsa kutentha.
Werengani zambiri zokhudza malamulo a kuthirira ficus.
Kudyetsa
Dyetsani ficus Melanie akusowa 2 pa mwezi m'nyengo yotentha, ndipo nthawi imodzi pamwezi m'nyengo yozizira. Manyowa angagwiritsidwe ntchito tsiku la kuthirira kapena lotsatira (ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti dothi likhale lonyowa).
Ndi bwino kupereka zokonda zosakaniza zamchere. Pasanathe mwezi umodzi kuchokera pakhomo lopatsidwa feteleza m'katimo sangathe. Kugwiritsira ntchito zovala zapamwamba kungatenthe mizu, pambali pake, mu nthaka yatsopano yosakaniza, kuchuluka kwa zakudya zimakhala zokwanira.
Kupanga korona ndi korona
Kudulira kumalimbikitsidwa kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika. Zokwanira kudula 5 internodes kuchokera pamwamba pa zimayambira. Chifukwa cha ndondomekoyi, mbewuyi idzayamba kuyenda bwino komanso kumera, imakhala yochuluka kwambiri. 
Zotsatirazi zikhoza kuchitika, ngati kwa nthawi ndithu ficus imakhazikitsidwa pamalo otsika - osati mtengo wam'mwamba, koma kenako, idzakula, choncho chomera chidzawonjezeka.
Ndikofunikira! Kudulira ndi kofunika kupanga magolovesi - madzi a maluwa amakhala ndi zida zoopsa zomwe zingayambitse khungu.
Kuwaza
Ndikofunika kubwezeretsa pakhomo pakhomo pachaka, kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira. Ndikofunika kusankha mphika wong'ono kwambiri kuposa wapitawo (2-3 masentimita). Ngati mwangoyamba kubzala mbewu yaying'ono, idzakula mizu, koma gawo la pansi lidzakhala kutali kwambiri mu kukula.
Kwa munthu wamkulu (pambuyo pa zaka 4), kuziika n'kofunika kamodzi pakatha zaka zitatu, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo 3-5 cm a mpira wapamwamba pa dziko lapansi akhoza kusinthidwa chaka ndi chaka. Kumvetsetsa kuti chomeracho chikusowa chophika chachikulu chingakhale pazifukwa zotsatirazi:
- Nthaka imalira mofulumira kwambiri pambuyo pa kuthira;
- mizu inadzaza mphika kwathunthu ndipo inayamba kumera kupyola mabowo kapena pamwamba.
Ficus Melanie sayenera kuikidwa, kutanthauza kusintha, kutanthauza kuti sizimasiyanitsa ndi dothi ladothi kuchokera ku mizu pokonza mphika. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani chidebe chatsopano, sungani madzi osakaniza ndi kutsanulira nthaka yosakaniza (yokonzeka kapena yopangidwa molingana ndi zomwe zili pamwambazi).
Video: Kuika ficus Melanie Kenaka, pogwiritsira ntchito scapula, chomeracho chiyenera kuchotsedwa mosamala ku chidebe chakale popanda kusokoneza mizu. Kenaka ikani chidebe chatsopano, mudzaze malo onsewo ndi dothi ndikutsanulira.
Werengani zambiri za momwe mungatengere mphika, ndikuika ficus kunyumba.
Zinthu zoberekera
Ficus Melanie akhoza kufalitsidwa m'njira zingapo:
- Mphukira yamatsenga kapena yomangira. Amadulidwa kotero kuti pali masamba 2-3 pa mphukira, palibe chifukwa chokambirana. Mphukirayi imayikidwa m'madzi kukhetsa madzi amadzi. Kenaka madziwa amalowetsedwa ndi atsopano, ataphimbidwa ndi phukusi kuti apange yaing'ono wowonjezera kutentha ndikudikirira kuti mizu ionekere. Kuti muthamangitse ndondomekoyi, mukhoza kuwonjezera kukula kwa stimulator malinga ndi malangizo. Pamene mizu imapangidwa, kuthawa kungapangidwe mu chidebe ndi nthaka.
- Makhalidwe a mpweyaNjirayi ndi yovuta kwambiri ndipo imapereka mwayi wochepa wopambana, makamaka kwa osadziŵa zambiri zamaluwa. Kumalo aliwonse, phesi liyenera kuikidwa pa 1/3 la makulidwewo, ikani chotokosera zamkati kapena kuti lifanane mkati (kuti lisabwerere palimodzi), pezani peat pamwamba ndikukulunga ndi thumba la pulasitiki. Pamene mizu ikuwoneka, phesi liyenera kudulidwa pansi pa malo osungirako malo ndikubzala poto losatha.
Flower tizirombo ndi matenda
Ngakhale kuti chomerachi sichidzichepetsa, pakakula chimatha kukumana ndi mavuto ena, tizirombo ndi matenda. Zidandaulo zambiri pamene mukukula zomera:
- Kugwa masamba. Chifukwa chake chingakhale chinyezi chochuluka kapena kusowa kwa chinyezi m'nthaka, kusowa kwakukulu kwa kuwala, lakuthwa kwa kutentha, kukhalapo kwa pulogalamuyi mu chipinda. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, muyenera kuyambiranso zikhalidwe za mbeu.
- Masamba a chikasu. Pachifukwa ichi, malamulo a chisamaliro ndi kusamalira akuphwanyidwa. Kawirikawiri masamba amatha kukhala ndi chikasu asanayambe kugwa, koma mwa zifukwa zina munthu amatha kutulutsa: feteleza mopitirira muyeso (ndikofunikira kutsanulira madzi ochulukira pa ficus osati kudyetsa kwa miyezi iwiri), mphika waukulu kwambiri (kukulitsa kumathandiza), mchere wamtundu wa nthaka (m'malo nthaka), mizu yovunda (ayenera kuchotsa malo owonongeka).
- Kupanda kukula. Zitha kukhalapo popanda kusowa, poto lochepa, kapena kuchuluka kwa feteleza.
- Mdima wofiirira pa masamba. Onetsani kutentha kwa dzuwa kapena feteleza owonjezera.
Mukudziwa? Pa mitundu yambirimbiri ya ficus, pali ficus-stranglers. Amagwiritsa ntchito chitsamba chachikulu ngati chithandizo, amatenga mizu pansi, pang'onopang'ono amalimbikitsanso ndi kukanikiza chitsambacho mpaka atayima. Komanso, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ficuses sizilombo, chifukwa samatenga zakudya zina kuchokera ku chomera.
Chifukwa cha chisamaliro chosayenera, chomeracho chikhoza kuyesedwa ndi tizirombo kapena matenda.
- Shchitovka. Maonekedwe a tizilombowa ndi owopsa kwambiri ku chikhalidwe cha mbeu - tizirombo tating'ono timayambitsa masamba ndi mapesi ndikudya timadziti, mpaka mbewuyo ikafa. Yang'anani ngati mipira yaying'ono (mpaka 4 mm) ya bulauni kapena mtundu wolimba. Pankhani ya kuukira kwa scythes, masamba ndi zimayambira ayenera kupukutidwa ndi chinkhupule choviikidwa mu madzi sopo. Zowonongeka kwambiri za mbeu zingathe kudulidwa, ena onse angathe kuchiritsidwa ndi Actellic kukonzekera molingana ndi malangizo.
- Kangaude mite Kuchokera pa dzina ilo limakhala loyera kuti inu mukhoza kuzindikira kukhalapo kwa tizilombo mwa kukhalapo kwa webusaiti yoyera. Chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri ndi mpweya wouma kwambiri mu chipinda. Pofuna kuchotsa nkhupakupa, nkofunika kupopera ndi kupukuta masamba nthawi zambiri ndi siponji yonyowa.
- Kupuma. Mukamenyana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, zitsanzo za odwala zimayenera kusungunula, zitsukani masamba bwinobwino pansi pa osamba, m'malo mwa nthaka ndikutsuka mphika. Ndiye zomera zimatha kuchiritsidwa ndi zokonzekera "Actellic" kapena "Fitoverm" (kuti zitheke kwambiri pambuyo pa chithandizo, maluwawo ali ndi thumba la pulasitiki tsiku limodzi).
Werengani zambiri za matenda a ficus, momwe mungagwirire ndi nthata zamagulu ndi zishango pazitsamba za m'nyumba, komanso zomwe fungicides zimagwiritsidwira ntchito mmunda wamkati.
Ficus Melanie ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri wokhala ndi ofesi kapena nyumba. Sizitenga malo ambiri, ndi kosavuta kuyeretsa, amawoneka okongola mkati mkati ndikumatsuka bwino.
Ngati simukudziwa kukula kwa zomera zam'mimba, chonchi chidzakhala njira yoyenera yowonjezera mu floriculture. 
Ndemanga kuchokera kwa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti
