Kubereketsa ziweto zazing'ono kumagwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri m'nyumba ndi m'minda. Kulamulira ntchito yake ndi zizindikiro zogonjetsa anthu omwe ali ndi ntchito yabwino ndi ntchito yokhala nawo bwino.
Mau oyamba
Kuchuluka kwa achinyamata ndi thanzi lawo (kuganiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito chofungatira) kumadalira mwachindunji momwe zizindikiro ndi kutentha zimakhazikitsidwa ndi kusungidwa, zikhalidwe za kuwomba ndi kubwerera kwa mbeu zomwe zikuyembekezeka zimawonetsedwa.
Mu chilengedwe, amayi-chikhalidwe chimayankha, ndipo mu chofungatira chirichonse chiri chosiyana: apa munthu amatenga udindo wa chitetezo cha ana ake payekha:
- Kwa ma bookmark, mazira amatengedwera kukhala, ofewa, osowa nthawi zonse, opanda ming'alu, osadutsa masiku asanu ndi awiri.
- The incubator imatsukidwa, imatetezedwa ndi disinfected ndi kuyesedwa yokonzeka, Kutenthetsera kutentha kwa +36 ° C.
- Mazira amaikidwa pang'onopang'ono kapena pamtunda ndi mapeto omveka (malingana ndi matepi a chipangizo).
Ntchito zina zonse (pambuyo poika mazira) zidzachitidwa ndi makina osakaniza, pomwe makina osakaniza ndi opangidwa ndi mawotchi amafunikira kuti mukhale nawo nthawi zonse poyendetsa makina opangira makina, kutentha kutentha, chinyezi, kusintha mazira a mazira.
Popeza kuti nkhuku zimapangidwa tsiku, zimakhala bwino kuti tiyike mazira akulu oyambirira madzulo, maola sikisi pambuyo pake - zakuthambo, zitatha zisanu ndi chimodzi - zing'onozing'ono. Ndiye nkhuku panthawi imodzimodzi zimabwera pa siteji ya kalembedwe ka chipolopolo.
Ndikofunikira! Kusakaniza mazira kunyumba kumaloledwa kokha ndi nkhuku zathanzi. Ngati nkhukuyo imakhala ndi matenda, idzapatsidwa nkhuku.
Mitundu ya thermometers
Pali mitundu itatu ya kutentha kwa mamita, amafunika kukhala mkati mwa chofungatira:
- Kuwunika kwa kutentha kumachitika kudzera pawindo lapadera, ngati mercury kapena mowa thermometer amasankhidwa;
- N'zosavuta kusintha ndondomekoyi pogwiritsa ntchito makompyuta a thermometer, chifukwa mapepalawa amaikidwa panja, ndipo mkati mwake muli pulogalamu yomwe siimakhudza mazira - deta yake imasonyezedwa pa scoreboard ndi kulondola kwa khumi.
Mowa
Mowa thermometers amasiyanitsidwa ndi magawo a chitetezo, mosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito (decimal decimal) ndi mtengo wotsika. Chipangizo chopweteka sichingawononge chilengedwe ndi mazira, ndikofunikira kuti mutenge zidutswa za galasi. Komabe, ziyenera kudziŵika kuti kuwerenga kwa thermometer sikulondola kwathunthu.
Mowa wa thermometer mu Ryabushka 70
Malangizo:
- Ikani mamita angapo oterewa pazithunzi zosiyana mu incubator kuti mukwaniritse zotsatira zolondola.
- Musagule mabuku otsika mtengo, chifukwa umboni wawo sungadalire.
Phunzirani momwe mungapangire masewera a chosakaniza.
Mercury
Mercury thermometers imakhalanso ndi magawo a decimal komanso mtengo wochepa, koma kulondola kwawo kuli kosavuta kuposa kumwa mowa. Komabe, chipangizo choonongeka ndi choopsa osati kokha ndi galasi losweka, komanso ndi madzi otayika, omwe mafinya awo amawononga mazira ndi ubwino wanu.
Komabe, pogwiritsira ntchito mosamala, chitsanzo ichi chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale.
Electronic
Chinthu chophweka chogwiritsa ntchito zamagetsi ndi mankhwala otentha kwambiri, omwe ali ndi kulondola kwa kuwerenga mpaka mtengo wamtengo wapatali komanso mtengo wotsika. Ngati chipangizochi chili ndi soda yapadera, ndiye kuti ntchito yanu imakhala yosavuta, chifukwa sensa imakhala mkatikati mwa chipinda chosungira, ndipo bolodi ili kunja.
The thermometer nthawi zambiri imapezeka pamakonzedwe akuluakulu a makina osungirako mankhwala, phunzirani za maonekedwe a makinawa "AI-48", "TGB 140", "Sovatutto 24", "Sovatutto 108", "Nest 200", "Egger 264", "Kuika", "Kukukuta Kwambiri" "," Cinderella "," Titan "," Blitz ".
Chida chogwiritsira ntchito chojambulira. Chenjerani ndi mafodya ndi zotsika mtengo zachi China zomwe zimakhala bwino. Kugula m'masitolo apadera mankhwala osakwera kusiyana ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali.
Kutentha kwa kutentha
- The thermometer imakhazikitsidwa kuti asalowetse malo ake ogwira ntchito ndi chipolopolo cha dzira, chifukwa kuwerengera kwa kutentha kwa mpweya mumoto, osati kutentha kwa dzira, kumafunika.
- Yesani kukonza thermometer kutali ndi kutentha ndi zinthu zowonjezera mpweya. Poyang'ana kutentha pamtundu womwewo, mutha kukhala bata chifukwa cha mbeu zonse (zowonongeka).
- Zisonyezo za kutentha, chinyezi ndi deta zina pamagulu osiyanasiyana a makulitsidwe amasiyana ndikudalira njira zachilengedwe za kukula kwa mimba. Onetsetsani deta kutentha maola awiri kapena atatu.
- Kuyeza kwabwino kwambiri kwa kutentha kwapakati kumachitika pogwiritsira ntchito mercury mpira pafupi ndi nougat, kumene mwanayo amakhala. Kuwotcha kapena kupitirira muyeso wa mimba kumafuna kutentha kwachangu mwamsanga.
Ndikofunikira! Mazira atayikidwa ndi nkhuku madzulo ndi usiku (kuyambira 20.00 mpaka 8.00), sakhala oyenera kuyika mu chofungatira, chifukwa mwina sangakhale ndi umuna. Mazira atayikidwa masana kapena ma ola masana ndi abwino kwa cholinga ichi.
Zowonjezera
Ndondomeko yovuta yopanga makulitsidwe imagawidwa mu magawo 4:
- yoyamba Masiku asanu ndi awiri kuchokera pa nthawi yoika mazira;
- wachiwiri - masiku 4 otsatira (kuyambira 8 mpaka 11);
- lachitatu Zimayamba kuyambira tsiku la 12 mpaka kuoneka koyamba kwa nkhuku yosakwera;
- wachinayi Chomaliza chimathera ndi chidutswa cha chipolopolo ndi maonekedwe a nkhuku poyera.
Kukula kwa nkhuku mkati mwa dzira
Kuwongolera kwambiri zizindikiro zowonongeka za nyengo ya kutentha ndi mvula kumapangitsa kuti pakhale chiwopsezo chachikulu ndi chitukuko choyenera cha ana:
- Kutentha kwakukulu imathandizira kusasitsa kwa mazira, omwe akudzaza ndi mawonekedwe a "okwera kwambiri" nkhuku zazing'ono ndi chitsimikizo cha umbilical chingwe.
- Kutentha kotsika Amatalikitsa nkhuku maonekedwe a tsiku ndipo amachepetsa kwambiri kuyenda kwawo.
- Kutentha kwakukulu kwa kutentha chiwerengero cha nkhuku (embryo) chidzakhala zero.
Phunzirani momwe mungapangire chowotcha, ovoscope, mpweya wabwino wa makina osakaniza ndi manja anu, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo asanayambe mazira.
Vuto lomweli likuchitika ndi kusagwirizana ndi chinyezi magawo:
- Kutsika kochepa imayambitsa imfa ya nkhuku ndi nkhuku zawo zam'mbuyo, monga momwe kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa chipinda cha mpweya.
- Kutentha kwakulu kuchepetsa kukula kwa ana, kumabweretsa mwayi wa khungu ndi mlomo womwe umamatira ku chipolopolocho.
Yoyamba
Asanaikidwe m'matayira opangira mazira, mazirawo amasungunuka kufika pa +25 ° C, kuyenda kwa yolk ndi kupezeka kwa chipinda cha mpweya kumayang'aniridwa mothandizidwa ndi kupenya. Zochitika zina:
- Gawo loyambalo ndilo kuyamba kwa mapangidwe a ziwalo zofunika kwambiri za nkhuku (embryo) m'tsogolomu. Pa nthawi yomweyi mu chofungatira ndifunikira kutentha kutentha + 37.8 ... +38 ° С ndikuyang'ana chinyezi pafupifupi 65-70%. Zizindikiro izi zimakhala masiku atatu oyambirira.
- Pa tsiku lachinayi timachepetsa kutentha kwa +37.5 ° С, ndi chinyezi kufika 55%. Pawiri kapena katatu patsiku, poyang'ana nthawi yofanana, nkofunika kusintha malo a dzira (kutembenuzira), koma pasanathe maola 4-5 mutayika mazira. Zochita izi zidzakuthandizani kupeŵa kumangiriza mwana wosabadwa pa khoma la dzira ndipo, motero, imfa yake.
- Kumapeto kwa nthawiyi, mazira amodzimodzi ayenera kusonyeza gulu loyendetsera galasi lopangira 2/3 la yolk. Mazira otsutsidwa achotsedwa. Kuwongolera ndondomeko ya kusintha kwa chipolopolo muyika zidazo, zolemba.
Mukudziwa? Nkhuku zimayamba kuyimba "nyimbo", zikuwombera, musanayambe mazira. Ena amapitiriza kuimba panthawi ya dzira (nthawi zina pambuyo pake). Motero iwo akufalitsa zosangalatsa.
Chachiwiri
Pachigawo chachiwiri, thupi la mluza limakula kukula kwakukulu, mafupa amawonekera, mitsempha yoyamba imabadwa, mlomo, allantois imatseka kumapeto kwa dzira.
Kutentha kumayenera kusungidwa ku 37.6 ... +37.8 ° С, chinyezi - 55%. Madontho a mvula panthawiyi akhoza kupha mazira. Mazira a mazira amasintha kawiri patsiku, kuyang'ana nthawi yofanana.
Kutentha kwabwino kumatheka pogwiritsa ntchito thanki ndi madzi omwe amaikidwa pansi pa trays. Kuti apindule mwamsanga pa magawo oyenera a chinyezi, chidutswa cha zinthu chimayikidwa m'madzi.
Pezani choti muchite ngati nkhuku silingathe kudzivulaza.
Chachitatu
Panthawi imeneyi, kamwana kameneka kamakhala ndi nthenga za nthenga, ndipo zidazi zimapangidwa ndi stratum corneum. Mpangidwe wamakono umagwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni onse, ndipo yolk sac imalowa mkati. Kutentha kuli mkati mwa + 37.2 ... +37.5 ° С. Patsiku la 14, chinyezi chimakwera kufika 70%.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi m'gawo lachitatu kumafuna kuti mpweya uzifalitsidwa, choncho mpweya wabwino umatengera mphindi zisanu ndi ziwiri mphindi ziwiri patsiku (timayang'ana nthawi yofanana).
Pambuyo masiku 18, ovoscopy ikuchitidwa. Nyongolotsi iyenera kutenga malo ambiri, ndi chipinda cha mpweya - 30 peresenti yokha. Mphesi ya ana a nkhuku anabadwa ndipo imayendetsedwa kumapeto kwa chipinda. Nkhuku zochepa za anapiye zimamveka. 
Mazira a nkhuku ovoscopic pazigawo zosiyanasiyana za kukula kwa mimba
Chachinayi
Gawo lomaliza lachinayi likuyamba ndi mafilimu a airbag mosavuta. Kutentha kwa chofungatira kumasungidwa pafupifupi +37.2 ° C, chinyezi chimachepetsa pang'ono mpaka 78-80%. Chofungatira chimakhala mpweya wokwanira kawiri pa tsiku kwa mphindi 10-20.
Mazira sakusintha malo, ndipo malo ololedwa kwambiri amakhazikitsidwa pakati pawo. Nkhuku yamapiko imakhala ngati chizindikiro cha thanzi lawo. Wofatsa ndi wodekha amatsimikizira kuti chikhalidwe chimakhala bwino. Zizindikiro zazikulu ndi zolemetsa sizikwanitsa.
Zikwapu zitatu ku nkhuku yathanzi ndi zokwanira kuti zikhomerere chipolopolocho. Kupuma koyamba ndi maso otseguka kumathandiza mwana kuchoka m'nyumba yoyambirira. Ana obadwa kumene amatsalira mu chofungatira mpaka atakhala wouma, kenako amasamukira kwa wachikuta kapena wapatsidwa nkhuku.
Mukudziwa? Katswiri wa zamagulu a ku Britain Joe Edgar adapeza kuti nkhuku zimatha kumva chifundo. Monga mbali ya kuyesera, nkhuku idakakamizika, pamene amayi ake ankachita ngati kuti adakumana ndi vutoli. Nkhuku zimakhala zomvetsa chisoni, kukhala kutali ndi achibale awo kapena chifukwa cha imfa ya nkhuku.
Nkhuku zoyaka
Nkhuku zowonedwa zimayang'aniridwa ndikusankhidwa mosamala. Kuti nkhuku zikule bwino, nkhuku zimagwira ntchito, zimamveka phokoso, zonyezimira ndi zonyezimira, zowoneka bwino, zozizwitsa ndi zofewa ndi umbilical cord. Achinyamata osafooka omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zoonekeratu za kupatukira ku chizoloŵezi chakupha, chifukwa iwo akuchotsedwa mwayi wokhala opindulitsa.
Phunzirani momwe mungasamalire nkhuku mutatha kuika nkhuku, momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito nyali yam'kati mwa nkhuku, momwe mungadyetse nkhuku kuyambira masiku oyambirira a moyo, momwe mungadziwire kugonana kwa nkhuku, chochita ndi matenda otsekula m'mimba, nkhuku zomwe mungapereke.Kufa kwakukulu kwa nkhuku kumayambitsidwa ndi magawo akulu awiri:
- mazira otsika;
- kusagwirizana ndi boma la makulitsidwe.
Njira zozizira nkhuku mazira: kanema
Momwe mungayankhire mazira a nkhuku: ndemanga
anagwiritsidwa ntchito chaka chino pafupifupi mazira 35. zowala pa tsiku la 7 pa ovoskop, anafera pambali zipatso. Pakati pa makulitsidwe onse, liwiro linali 37.8-37.9 g C. C. Tizilomboti tinali ndi mtundu umodzi - kuchokera mazira 19 panali 6 zopanda kanthu (68%), m'chiwiri - kuchokera mazira 17 asanu ndi awiri (59%). Nkhuku khumi zinamangidwa kuchokera ku mtundu woyamba wa mazira (77%), 9 nkhuku (90%) zinabzalidwa mu mtundu wachiwiri. Zotsatira zake zowonjezereka zimakhutira kwambiri, poganizira kuti 77 ndi 90% ya nkhuku zinalengedwa kuchokera ku mazira omwe anaika. chokhazikikacho sichinakhutsidwe. kachipangizo ka incinnator kuchokera ku Vinnitsa - THERMAL 60 ndi kugwedeza mwatsatanetsatane, kusintha nyengo pogwiritsa ntchito mercury thermometer ndi screwdriver.
