Zojambulajambula za Beriamu: malongosoledwe, chithunzi, mbiri ya maonekedwe ndi kulima

Gwiritsani ntchito blemamu (yosasamala, osasamala) - chikhalidwe chokongoletsa, choyenera kukula kunyumba.

Chifukwa cha maonekedwe abwino ndi ma basamu aatali a maluwa ankakongoletsera zipinda, masitepe, madera akumidzi.

Pakubwera kwa nyengo yozizira chikhalidwe chimabweretsedwa mnyumbamo. Nkhaniyi idzayang'ana mbiri ya maonekedwe, maonekedwe ndi zochitika zake, komanso phunzirani momwe mungasamalire maluwa kunyumba ndi momwe mungayamire.

Mbiri ya chiyambi ndi kufotokoza

Chidziwitso cholondola pa chiyambi cha basamu si. Zimadziwika kuti madera otentha a North America ndi Africa ndi dziko lawo komanso malo okhalamo. Osayembekezeka anabweretsedwa ku Ulaya mu 1596, pambuyo pake adakhala wotchuka kwambiri. Chokongoletsa kwambiri chimaonedwa kuti ndi balsam yamchere ya Waller Terry. Iye ndi "kholo" la hybrids zambiri. Kutopa kumakhala chomera chosatha, koma nthawi zambiri chimalimidwa ngati chaka.

Balsam Waller ndi yosiyana:

• Maluwa ambiri.
• Yowutsa mudyo, nthambi zowonongeka zimayambira mpaka masentimita 60.
• Masamba ofiira a Brown.
• Akuwombera 30 cm m'litali.

Inflorescences amawoneka oyambirira. Maluwa amatha chaka chonse. Maluwa ambiri omwe amaphimba masamba onse. Maluwa ozungulira ndi masentimita asanu 5. Iwo ndi osakwatira kapena akusonkhanitsa ku inflorescences. Zogwirizana ndi ma sepals 5 ndi corolla-membered corolla, ophatikizana ndi awiri kapena awiri.

Kutalika kwambiri. Chipatso ndi bokosi. Mzuwu ndi wamphamvu ndipo umakula mu mabowo akumwa pamene palibe malo okwanira.

Maonekedwe ndi zinthu

Balsamu ndi ya balsamine ya banja. Masambawa amawombera pamphepete, madontho amatha kupanga nsonga pamphuno. Maluwawo ali m'mayendedwe a masamba ndipo amakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana:

• White.
• Ofiira.
• Orange.
• Lilac.
• Pinki

Maluwawo ndi bicolor ndipo ali ndi malo pakatikati. Pali terry hybrids ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu. Chikhalidwe chimamera maluwa kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa June mpaka kumapeto kwa September kumunda.

Kumapeto kwa maluwa okoma a zipatso, omwe mabokosiwo amapangidwa ndi mbewu. Mafuta a basamu ali ndi mbali: ngati mumakhudza zouma - mbewu zikuuluka padera.

Chithunzi chodzala

Pano mungathe kuona zithunzi za basamu:

Tikufika

Kuunikira ndi malo

Mukamadzala chikhalidwe panja, muyenera kusankha dzuwa, pang'ono pritёnёn malo. Kunyumba, mabelamini amaikidwa pa windows windows kummawa ndi kumadzulo.

Zosowa za nthaka

Mafuta a basamu amabzalidwa mu gawo losavuta komanso lachilendo. Acidity mu 5.8-6 pH. Kukonzekera nthaka kusakaniza, tengani ofanana zigawo zikuluzikulu:

• Mchenga wa Mtsinje.
• Pansi pa nthaka.
• Peat.
• Vermiculite

Ingagulidwe ku gawo lokonzekera maluwa.

Malamulo

Mbande ndi okonzekera mbande m'ma March. Iwo amatetezedwa kale mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate. Mbewu Yopangira Mbewu:

• Konzani zitsulo ndi gawo lapansi ndikufalitsa zokolola pamtunda wa masentimita 2-3 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mnzake.
• Pewani nyembazo pang'ono mu nthaka ndikuzaza mchenga.
• Sungani bwino nthaka.
• Phimbani chidebe cha mmera ndi galasi kapena pulasitiki kuti mutenthe.

Chidebe ndi mbande chimayikidwa pamalo ofunda ndi kuwala kosavuta. Kutentha kwa mphamvu ya kumera + madigiri 20-25. Mafuta a basamu a dzuwa ndi owopsa.

Tsiku lililonse muyenera kuchotsa galasi kapena filimu ya mpweya wabwino. Onetsetsani kuti nthaka siuma. Tsamba 3 likawonekera, tenga nyemba.

M'phika samasankha kwambiri. Balsamu imamva bwino komanso yopepuka. Mitsuko iyenera kuyikidwa mu thanki - mwachitsanzo, dothi lowonjezera. Thirani gawo lapansi ndikuyika mmera.

Mutabzala, chomeracho chimafuna kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku. Mafuta a basamu ndi hybrids ake ndi zikhalidwe zachikondi. Kubzala kobzala kumapangidwa osati kale kuposa June-July. Mbande anaika patali wa masentimita 25 kuchokera kwa mzake.

Kusamalira Flower

Zochitika mu chipinda

Mafuta a basamu amakonda chinyezi chokwanira. Pa kutentha kumene akufunikira kupopera, kuti maluwa asafe.

Ndikofunikira! Madzi sayenera kugwera pa maluwa. Sakani masamba okha.

Kutentha kwachilimwe m'chilimwe - kuphatikiza madigiri 25-26. M'nyengo yozizira - osati pansi pa madigiri 10-12. Mafunde otentha sangasinthe kwambiri ngati miphika ndi zomera zili m'munda. Iwo amabweretsedwa mnyumbamo musanayambe kutentha kwa nyengo. Ampal balsamines amafunika kuwala kwa dzuwa, koma ayenera kutetezedwa kuti asamawonongeke.

Kusamba madzi:

• Sakanizani kawiri pa tsiku - m'mawa ndi madzulo.
• Gwiritsani ntchito madzi osaphika kapena owiritsa. Onetsetsani kutentha.
• Musalole kuti nthaka ikhale yowuma. Ngati nthaka yayuma - ikani chidebe ndi duwa mu mbale yaikulu ya madzi ndikuchoka mpaka nthaka ikhale yonyowa.
• M'nyengo yotentha kupereka madzi okwanira, m'nyengo yozizira - kuchepetsa chinyezi.
• Onetsetsani kuti palibe madzi ochepa - mizu idzayamba kuvunda.

Ndi kusowa madzi mu basamu kumachepetsanso chitukukoMaluwa amafota ndi kugwa.

Chikhalidwe chokongoletsera chimadyetsedwa milungu iwiri iliyonse kuyambira April mpaka August. Gwiritsani ntchito feteleza wapadera kwa maluwa. Mwachitsanzo, Kemira. Lili ndi chitsulo, mkuwa, potaziyamu, phosphorous, magnesium. Kwa maluwa ambiri mumagwiritsa ntchito Kristanol kamodzi pamlungu (1 tbsp L / 5 l madzi).

Kuwaza

Chikhalidwe chimaikidwa mu mphika wina pamene mizu siikwanira mu mabowo. Njirayi ikuchitika mu April kapena May. Ngati rhizomes imamva bwino, kubzala mbewu sikofunikira. Pambuyo pakuika, kudulira kwachitika: kuchepetseratu kwayitali, pezani nsongazo.

Kumalo otseguka

Akhazikitsa chisamaliro kumunda wa balsamines:

1. Nthawi zonse kuthirira madzulo, makamaka kutentha.
2. Sungani nthaka kuti musunge chinyezi mmenemo.
3. Kupalira ndi kuchotsa maluwa owuma.

Phosphorus ndi feteleza za potashi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri pamwezi., kudyetsedwa ndi phulusa njira. M'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza wothira masamba. Kunkhalango muli ndi mawonekedwe okongola, nthawi zonse mumakhala pamwamba pa nthambi zazing'ono.

Asanayambe chisanu, balsamines amakumbidwa ndikubzala mu mphika. Adzakhalabe pachimake kunyumba. Pamapeto pake mphukira zimadulidwa ndikuyika chomera mu chipinda chozizira ndi kutentha kosapitirira madigiri 15. Nthaŵi yonseyo imatha mu January ndi February. Kumapeto kwa February, mphukira zimawoneka pamtunda. Maluwawo amathirira kwambiri ndipo amasamutsidwa.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

• M'nyengo yozizira, zosayembekezereka zimawoneka ngati matenda a fungal, imvi zowola makamaka. Chomeracho chichotsedwa mu mphika, mizu imatsukidwa ndi kuikidwa mu chidebe china ndi gawo latsopano.
• Pa kutentha kwapamwamba ndi kutsika kochepa maluwa amasiya, masamba amauma. Mpweya wouma mkati umayambitsa kugwa kwa masamba. Kupanda kuwala kumakhudza mtundu wa tsamba. Balsamu imatayika maonekedwe ake okongoletsa - mphukira imatulutsidwa kwambiri.
• Bacteriosis (madontho a madzi pa mphukira ndi mapepala) amayamba chifukwa cha dothi losokonezeka; kutentha kwakukulu. Mawangawo amaphimba masamba onse ndi zomera zimatha. Ndikofunika kulimbana ndi matendawa pa chizindikiro choyamba. Maluwawo amapopedwa ndi Bordeaux osakaniza.
• Ngati chinyezi chiri mchipinda chochepa, kangaude amatha kupanga maluwa. Masamba amapotoka ndipo potsirizira amatha. Kulimbana ndi tizilombo timagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa Neoron, Aktellik. Kuoneka kwa whitefly kumaimira chikasu cha masamba. Chithandizo chimapangidwa ndi Fufaron, Decis.

Kuteteza matenda ndi kutuluka kwa tizilombo tiyenera kutsatira malamulo omwe ali pamwambawa.

Zinthu zoberekera

Mankhwala a basamu amakula kuchokera ku mbewu kapena kudulidwa ndi cuttings wa mphukira. Kubzala masamba kumakhala ndi zotsatirazi:

1. Sankhani mphukira yathanzi ya 8-10 masentimita ndikudulire ndi mpeni.
2. Ikani phesi mu chidebe ndi madzi ndikuyika pamalo owala - pawindo lazenera.
3. Pambuyo pa mizuyi, zidutswazo zimathamangira m'miphika yaing'ono (10 masentimita awiri).

Pamene rooting ikuchitika mu kasupe, maluwa adzapangidwe kuchokera mu nyengo ya chilimwe. Ndi kugwidwa kwadzinja kudzafuna kutentha ndi kuwala.

Motero, mafuta a basamu ndi osakondera okongoletsera chikhalidwe. Amakulira kunyumba pamiphika. Kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe, mukhoza kubzala m'munda kumalo ozungulira. Pomwe nyengo yachisanu imayamba, zomera zimakumbidwa kunja, kuikidwa mmbuyo mu mphika. Kuti balsams ikhale bwino, ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo a chisamaliro. Simungathe kubzala chikhalidwe panthawi ya maluwa ndikuyandikira zipangizo zotentha.