Kufotokozera za maonekedwe a Tidea ndi Gloxinia, kusiyana kwawo ndi zithunzi za maluwa a Tidea Violet, komanso maluwa

Ambiri wamaluwa ankakonda m'nyumba ya maluwa gloxinia. Lili ndi mitundu yambiri ya mitundu, imodzi mwa iyo ndi Tidea violet. Ndi wokongola kwambiri ndipo imalowa bwino mkati.

Mu anthu maluwa awa ali ndi mayina ambiri. Mwina mumamudziwa kuti "Synnengia yokongola."

M'nkhaniyi tifotokozereni momwe mazenera akufotokozera ndi mbiri ya mawonekedwe a chomera, momwe angasamalire bwino, malamulo odzala, njira zoberekera, ndi mavuto omwe angakhalepo panthawi ya kulima.

Malongosoledwe a botaniki ndi mbiriyakale

Gloxinia violet violet ndi chomera chosatha cha banja la Gesneriaceae. Chomera cha eukaryotic, chodabwitsa. Ili ndi maluwa oboola tsitsi. Maluwa amodzi okha, kutuluka kuchokera kumatenda, amakhala ndi ma stamens 4. Tsinde laima.

Poyamba kuchokera ku America otentha. Pali mitundu yoposa 65 ya maluwa.. Mitundu yoyamba idagwidwa mu 1785 ndi dokotala wina wachi German ndi wachilengedwe, Benjamin Peter Gloxinia. Polemekeza iye, ndipo anapatsidwa dzina la duwa. Mitundu yambiri ya zachilengedwe za gloxinia ndiyo yotchuka kwambiri.

Kusiyana

Anthu ambiri amasokoneza maluwa awiriwa. Gloxinia ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotchedwa Tidea Violet. Icho chimatchedwa choncho, chifukwa chiri chofanana kwambiri ndi wachibale wake wapatali. Tiyeni tione kusiyana kwa pakati pa zomera izi.

• Tidea. Mazu a mzuzi - scaly rhizome. Flower mawonekedwe - nsapato zoboola. Masamba - kuwala, pubescent, ndi zolemba zazing'ono.
• Gloxinia. Mizu ndi tuberous. Maonekedwe a duwa - amafanana ndi belu lotukulidwa. Masamba - mdima, fluffy, ndi cloves akuluakulu.

Maonekedwe ndi zinthu

Kutalika kwa zomera - mpaka masentimita 40. Maluwa ndi okongola, velvet, tubular, wofiirira, ngati mabelu. Maluwa amatha kuyambira May mpaka September.

Ngati mupereka chomeracho ndi zinthu zoyenera, ndiye nthawi ya maluwa mukhoza kuona mpaka masamba 20.

Chithunzi

Mu chithunzi mungathe kuona tiyi wofiira gloxinia.

Tikufika

Kuti mupeze chomera chokwanira mukufunikira kubzala bwino kwa tuber yake. Iye amayang'ana mozungulira mosamala. Pozindikira zowola kapena odwala, malo owonongeka ayenera kuchotsedwa. Kudulidwa kwa malo osayenera kumachitika kokha ndi mpeni. Ndiye tuber yowuma kwa maola 24, kumizidwa mu yankho la manganese kwa theka la ora ndipo pokhapokha atachotsedwa kubzala.

Pofika pakhomo mudzafunika:

• ngalande;
• nthaka;
• mphika.

Pitani ku ikamatera.

1. Mphika umasankhidwa masentimita 5-6 kuposa kukula kwa tuber.
2. Mpweya wosanjikiza mpaka masentimita atatu uli pansi pa mphika.
3. Pamwamba pa ngalandeyi anathira dothi laling'ono.
4. The tuber imadzizidwa mu gawo lapansi kuti nsonga ikhale pamwamba pa mphika.
5. Mutabzala mutatha, m'pofunikira kusungunula gawolo. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala, osatunga madzi pa chomera.
6. Pamene zimayambira, kukula kwa tuber pamwamba pa nthaka kumakhala ndi gawo lapansi.

Kuunikira ndi malo

Chomeracho chimakonda kuwala kosavuta. Best amazindikira mawindo akummawa ndi kumadzulo. Kuunikira kumakhala kokwanira kwa maluwa ambiri.

Maluwa ayenera kukhala pritenyat ku dzuwa lotentha, kuti asawononge masamba.

Zosowa za nthaka

Nthaka iyenera kukhala yosalala, yotayirira ndi yopuma. Chomera chimakonda nthaka yochepa. Njira yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito gawo lapadera logulidwa la gloxinia. Maluwa saloleza madzi ochulukirapo. Onetsetsani kuti mugwiritse ntchito madzi abwino.

Nthaka yobzala iyenera kukhala yathanzi. Palibe chofunika chodzala gloxinia mu mphika waukulu.

Chisamaliro

• Gloxinia amakonda mkulu chinyezi koma madzi pa chomera akhoza kuwononga. Ndi bwino kuyika chotengera pafupi ndi madzi kapena kupopera mpweya, kupewa madzi pa masamba ndi maluwa. Popeza maluwa sakonda mpweya wouma, ndibwino kuti uwapatse kutali ndi ma radiator ndi mafakitale otentha.

  Kuthirira kumakhala koyenera (kamodzi pa masiku anayi). Kwa ulimi wothirira, gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofunda kwambiri, ofewa kwambiri. M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, kutsirira kwafupika kufika 1 nthawi pa sabata. Madzi zitsamba zimangokhala poto.

  Musalole madzilogging, amadzaza ndi imfa ya chomera.

• Duwa silikonda kutentha kwake, limakonda kusakaniza. Pakati pa maluwa, mpweya wabwino suyenera kukhala pansi pa madigiri 18. Koma gloxinia sichimalekerera kutentha, zidzakhala zotheka kuzipereka ndi kutentha osati madigiri 28.

  Musalole kuti drafts ndi kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha. Zili choncho, duwa likhoza kuwonongedwa. Ndikofunika kuthira maluwa kamodzi pa mwezi ndi feteleza. Musanagwiritse ntchito, duwa liyenera kuthiriridwa bwino.

Pofuna kupanga rosette ya masamba obiriwira ndi ofunika, m'pofunika nthawi zonse kufalitsa mbewuyo kumalo owala kumbali zosiyanasiyana.
• Flower imasowa nthawi yozizira dormancy. Pofika m'dzinja, masamba amatha pang'onopang'ono ndipo duwa limagona mpaka March. Panthawiyi, mukufunikira kusungunuka mochepa nthaka yachitsamba, chisamaliro chapadera pa nthawi ino sichifunika.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Maluwawo amachititsa kuti matenda a fungal (mochedwa choipitsa, powdery mildew, septoria, downy mildew, imvi nkhungu).

Pofuna kupewa izi, m'pofunikira kutsegula chipinda ndi zomera, koma izi ziyenera kuchitika mu nyengo yofunda.

Monga njira zothetsera vutoli:

• previkur;
• topazi;
• fungicides iliyonse.

1. Matendawa amachititsa duwa kufa. Imafotokozedwa ndi madontho aang'ono amdima pamwamba pa chomeracho. Kuchiza ndi mankhwala omwe mungagwiritse ntchito: fungicides, mkuwa oxychloride, cuproxate, oxy.
2. Ascozitosis ndi phyllosticosis ndi matenda omwe amawonekera chifukwa cha mkulu wa chinyezi. Amakhala ndi malo ofiira ndi ofiira. Masamba okhudzidwa ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi kuwotchedwa. Mbewu yotsalirayo: mkuwa wa sulphate, Bordeaux osakaniza kapena fungicide.
3. Komanso, chomeracho chingakhale ndi kachilombo ka HIV, mabakiteriya ndi tizirombo.
4. Thrips - zimakhudza zomera zonse (masamba, zimayambira ndi maluwa). Asanayambe kukonzekera zomera ayenera kuziika. Pambuyo pa kusakaniza, yambani ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: fitoverm, aktar, karate, ndi zina zotero.
5. Kangaude mite Mutha kuziwona pa intaneti, zomwe zimachokera pamwamba pa zomera ndi nthaka. Pochotseratu tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, muyenera kuchotsa masamba onse owonongeka ndikugwira ntchito ndi tizilombo.

Kuswana

Amafalikira ndi cuttings, masamba ndi mbewu.

• Kufesa mbewu kumapangidwa pamwamba pa kuwala kwa peat nthaka. Mbeu zobiriwira sizikufunika. Kuthirira ndi madzi, madzi ndi madzi otentha. Pamwamba pa nyemba amafunikira kuphimba phukusi, potero amalenga zotsatira za wowonjezera kutentha. Timayendayenda tsiku lililonse ndikuchotseratu chimbudzi. Kuwombera kumawoneka pambuyo pa masiku 7-10.
• Mapepala. Tsamba lolimba limadulidwa, loikidwa mu kapu ya madzi kuti theka la tsinde likhale ndi madzi. Pambuyo masiku 10-15, masamba amangiridwa ndi mizu, koma musachedwe. Sungani tsamba m'madzi kwa osachepera sabata lina. Pokhapokha mizu italimba, mukhoza kupitiriza kubzala.
• Cuttings, kuchokera tsamba limodzi, mukhoza kupeza zomera zambiri. Chomera chimadulidwa ndi tsamba lakuthwa. Dulani phesi liyenera kuloledwa mu mpweya wabwino ndikupatseni nthawi yowuma (10-15 mphindi). Timagawanika tsamba m'magawo angapo kuti gawo lirilonse liri ndi mitsempha, ndipo timabzala mu wowonjezera kutentha. Zigawo za tsambali zimayenera kuonetsetsa kuti zitha kuyenda mosavuta, kotero kuti mwamsanga zimangidwe mizu.

Maluwa ofanana

• Tidea - ofanana kwambiri chomera, ndi yemweyo maluwa ndi masamba. Zimasiyana kokha ndi rhizome ndi inflorescence.
• Streptocarpus. Chomera chokhala ndi masamba omwewo ndi mabala aakulu. Khalani ndi masamba obirira, okongola.
• Coleria - maluwa ofanana, ali ochepa scaly tuberous rhizomes, masamba akulu ndi aakulu inflorescences.
• Violets. Saintpaulias ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi Gloxinia, koma makamaka masamba. Mbewu yokha ndi yaing'ono kuposa gloxinia, maluwa ndi masamba ndizochepa.
• Ruelia - Kufanana ndi gloxinia kumakhala ndi maluwa okha. Masamba ndi msinkhu wa chitsamba ndi zabwino kwambiri, koma maluwa ali ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi ofanana kukula.

Kufotokozera mwachidule, ngakhale woyambitsa angathe kukula gloxinia. Ngati mumakonda chomera ichi, sizidzakhala zovuta kuziyika pawindo lanu. Zokwanira kupanga zinthu zabwino kwa iye ndipo adzakuthokozani ndi maluwa obiriwira.