Gulu Mbatata

Kusankha mbatata kubzala m'munda kapena chiwembu ndi nkhani yofunika kwambiri, chifukwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yofunika kwambiri kukolola. Masiku ano pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya masambawa, ndipo onse amasiyana pakati pa kukoma, mtundu, kukula ndi zina. Mitundu yambiri ya "Blue" yakhala ikudziwika pakati pa wamaluwa ambiri chifukwa cha kuphweka kwake kulima, maonekedwe okongola komanso kukoma kwabwino kwa tubers.

Palibe kanyumba kanyengo kamene kali m'nyengo popanda mbatata. Timagwiritsa ntchito masambawa pophika mbale zambiri, nthawi zambiri timapezeka pa tebulo. M'nkhaniyi tidzakuuzani zomwe mbatata ya Adretta ili, fotokozani zosiyanasiyana, fotokozani zithunzi ndi ndemanga zake. Makhalidwe ndi kufotokoza kwa mitundu zosiyanasiyana Zosiyanasiyana "Adretta" zinayambira zaka 20 zapitazo chifukwa cha ntchito ya obereketsa Germany.

Mbatata - iyi ndi imodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri, okondedwa ndi masamba ambiri, omwe angapezeke aliyense m'munda. Koma, monga miyambo ina, imawonekera ku matenda omwe amawononga maonekedwe ake ndi kuchepetsa kukoma kwake. Ambiri mwa izi ndi nkhanambo. Kenaka, tiphunzira zambiri za nkhanambo pa mbatata: ndi chithunzi chake, ndondomeko ndi njira zamankhwala, ndi zomwe mungachite kuti muteteze zochitikazo.

Sizinsinsi kuti mbatata yomwe idabzala ndikukula ndi manja awo nthawi zonse imakhala yathanzi komanso yochuluka kuposa yogula. Izi zimangobzala mbewu yabwino, muyenera kudziwa nthawi komanso momwe mungayamire mbatata. Kenaka, ganizirani zazing'ono zomwe zimabzalidwa pokolola zochuluka.

Mbatata ndi imodzi mwa masamba otchuka kwambiri, ndipo kuti mukolole mbewu zambiri, muyenera kumanga bwino. M'nkhani yathu tidzakudziwitsani mtundu wa feteleza wa mbatata ndi bwino kugwiritsira ntchito panthawi yobzala komanso nthawi yosamalira mbewu. Chifukwa Chomera Manyowa Mbatata, Mosiyana ndi mbewu zina, amafunikira zakudya zambiri.

Mbatata - imodzi mwa mbewu zazikulu zomwe zimakula m'dziko lathu. Komabe, si dothi lonse ndipo palibe nyengo iliyonse yoyenera kupeza zokolola zovomerezeka. Nkhaniyi ikukhudzana ndi feteleza zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuonjezera zokolola ndipo, mulimonse mmene zingakhalire, zisonkhanitsani kuchuluka kwa mbeuyi.

Kupeza zokolola zapamwamba ndi cholinga cha mlimi aliyense ndi wamaluwa, ndipo kuti akwaniritse mbewu iliyonse imayenera kusamalidwa. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana momwe tingawonjezere zokolola za mbatata mothandizidwa ndi hilling ndi momwe tingachitire zimenezi mosavuta komanso mofulumira mwamsanga popanda kuwonongeka kwa ntchito yabwino. Kukonzekera kwa mbatata ndi thirakitala yoyenda ndilofunikira kuti pakhale chitukuko chabwino cha tchire.

Alternaria ndi mtundu wa nkhungu za nkhungu zomwe zimakhudza zomera zambiri, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta kudya zipatso zawo, kuphatikizapo, ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda ambiri aumunthu, monga chifuwa chosiyanasiyana ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu. Nkhaniyi ikudzipereka kwambiri pa chitukuko cha alternaria mu mbatata, ili ndi chithunzi chomwe chili ndi zizindikiro zake, kufotokozera za matenda ndi njira zake zothandizira.

Kwa mabanja ambiri achiyukireniya, mbatata ndiwo mkate wachiwiri. Popanda izo, zimakhala zovuta kuganizira tebulo limodzi komanso lamasewera. Komanso, ophika amakono angathe kuphika chirichonse kuchokera ku masamba obiriwira. Koma kodi chomeracho chikuvomereza chikondi cha anthu oterewa? Pambuyo pake mu nkhaniyi tidzakambirana za phindu ndi zovulaza katundu wa mbatata tubers, komanso kuganizira makhalidwe awo mitundu.

Kuwonjezera pa anthu, mbatata sizimangokondedwa ndi kanyumba ka Colorado kokha, komanso ndiworworms. Woyamba amadya chitsamba cha chitsamba cha mbatata. Iwo amadziwika kwa onse, ndipo anthu amatha kudzichotsa. Koma zoterezi zimagwira pansi - sizikuwoneka, koma zimapweteka kwambiri kuposa zoyamba. Zili zovuta kuzizindikira, koma zikagwa mu mbatata, nthawi zambiri zimachedwa, ndipo sungapulumutsidwe.

M'dziko lathu, mbatata ndizofunikira kwambiri ngati mkate, kotero pafupifupi aliyense amene ali ndi kanyumba ka chilimwe komanso munda wachitsulo wamakono amayesetsa kubzala ndi masamba. Inde, nthawi zonse mumafuna kupeza zotsatira zambiri pa mtengo wotsika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kusankha kwa mitundu yolima kumayenera kuyandikira ndi udindo waukulu.

Mwinamwake, aliyense wa ife, kugula mbatata, akufunsa mafunso ambiri kwa wogulitsa za zosiyanasiyana, kulawa, njira yabwino yophika. Izi sizosadabwitsa, lero pali mitundu yambiri ya mbatata kwa mtundu uliwonse wa zokoma, koma pakati pa mitundu imeneyi pali zofuna zomveka, zomwe zidzakambidwe.

Pakati pa okonda mbatata zoyambirira, Ilinsky adatchuka kwambiri, wotchuka chifukwa cha zokolola zake zabwino, kukoma kwake komanso makhalidwe abwino kwambiri azachuma. Mbiri Yobereka Zambiri zinatsogolera gulu lozala la dera la Moscow pa minda yambiri yomwe inkayesa mitundu ya mbatata.

Chikhalidwe cha pakatikati cha Russia ndi modzichepetsa continental, yozizira ndi chisanu ndi frosty, chilimwe ndi ofunda ndipo m'malo chinyezi. Zikatero, kulima munda wamaluwa kudzakhala ndi zinthu zambiri. Apa, si mitundu yonse yabwino, osati teknoloji iliyonse, ndi nthawi yake, ndi tizirombo. Tsopano pafupi chirichonse mu dongosolo.

Mmodzi mwa otchuka komanso wosavuta kukula mbatata mitundu ndi Slavyanka, kusankha bwino kwa novice alimi. M'nkhani ino mudzaphunzira kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana, momwe mungamere mbatata "Slav" pa tsamba lanu. Kufotokozera ndi makhalidwe a mitundu zosiyanasiyana Izi mbatata zosiyanasiyana zimasiyanitsidwa ndi nthawi yokolola - masiku 110-120 ndizotheka kukolola, zomwe zimalandiridwa kwa makampani ogulitsa mafamu, minda yaing'ono.

Popanda mankhwala ngati mbatata, palibe nyumba imodzi yomwe ingathe kuchita. Ndi yophika, yokazinga, yophika - mitundu yosiyana ndi yoyenera. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za zosiyanasiyana zomwe Nevsky amachita, zomwe zili ndi ubwino wambiri. Kutanthauzira kwa zosiyanasiyana Zosiyanasiyanazi ndi chimodzi mwazofala kwambiri, chifukwa zimakhala ndi kukoma kwabwino, zokolola zambiri, komanso kukana matenda ndi zovuta zachilengedwe.

Kukolola kwa mbatata ndi gwero la kunyada kwa woyang'anira munda ndipo limapangitsa kukhala ndi chidaliro m'tsogolomu, koma zotsatira zake za miyezi yambiri ndizosavuta kuwononga ndi yosungirako zosayenera. Tiyeni tione mmene tingasunge mbatata. Zokonzekera zokolola mbatata kuti zisungidwe nyengo yozizira Monga mukudziwa, kukumba zokolola kumayambira kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June-July, komabe, achinyamata omwe sagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa amalephera kusungirako nthawi yaitali, chifukwa sanathe kupeza khungu lokwanira khungu lokwanira.

Mitundu ya mbatata "Veneta" (kapena "Vineta") ndi otchuka kwambiri alimi a mbatata ku malo a Soviet. Mitundu yambiri ya tubers imadziwika ndi kuphweka kulima komanso kukoma kwambiri makhalidwe a zokolola. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za makhalidwe ndi kufotokozera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "Veneta", komanso momwe tingamerere mbatata yaikulu m'nyumba yake.

Olima amaluwa akupitiriza kufunafuna mbatata zowakometsera kwambiri komanso zoyambirira kucha. Posachedwapa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata ya Red Scarlett ikukhala yotchuka kwambiri. Mafotokozedwe osiyana siyana Mbatata iyi ndi ntchito ya obereketsa Dutch. Anapezeka posachedwa, koma mwamsanga anatenga malo abwino chifukwa cha zipatso zabwino, zosavuta, kusunga bwino kapangidwe ka kayendedwe kabwino ndi kayendedwe kabwino kake, maonekedwe ndi maonekedwe a tubers.

Mbatata "Zhuravinka" osati chaka choyamba chimakondweretsa alimi ambiri. Amakondedwa chifukwa cha zokolola zake zambiri komanso kukana matenda. Kuti mudziwe zambiri pazomwe zimatchuka pa mbatata ya Zhuravinka, werengani kufotokoza kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana pansipa. Kufotokozera "Zhuravinka" kumatanthauzira pakati pa mapepala osiyanasiyana. Pakati pa kubzala ndi kukolola kumatenga masiku 80-100.